garbage VS rubbish VS trash VS waste VS litter VS refuse [ˈrefjus] ( 不说 garbage dump, 而说rubbish tip. garbage chute 丢垃圾的通道. dumpster = skip. In Au, When we take the bin out (not the can) it contains our rubbish (as it does in the UK). Garbage is more often used to describe something lacking in value. If we have a lot of rubbish to throw out we use a skip (like a dumpster but mostly without a lid).): The words are not synonyms because the mental pictures created in the listener's mind will be different. For anyone interested in this way of thinking about words / definitions, I encourage you to read "Louder than Words." I think the saying "one person's trash is another person's treasure" helps answer this question. Trash more often has the meaning of something discarded, whereas garbage more often carries the meaning of true refuse, often food waste. Of course, food waste can be a treasure to a gardener working on a compost pile, but I'm speaking generally here. It's not a very significant distinction, and the terms are often used interchangeably, but there are instances when they are not synonymous. This excerpt from a 1986 Orlando Sentinel article titled "Trash Vs. Garbage: Any Big Difference?" supports this general distinction in meaning: There was a little note stuck to the can. It said, in essence, that my refuse hadn't been picked up because -- and I quote -- ''trash and garbage had been mixed.'' I hate making mistakes like that. I didn't close the cover on a book of matches before striking. It was weeks before I got over the guilt. I called Georgia Waste Systems, where I have my trash/garbage account, to apologize. They were very nice and said a lot of people make the same mistake I did and they were not planning a lawsuit. As long as I had somebody on the phone who could explain, I asked, ''What is the difference between trash and garbage?'' ''Garbage,'' the woman said, ''are things that come from the bathroom or kitchen.'' ''You mean like bread you leave out for months and green things start growing on it?'' I asked. ''Precisely,'' she said. ''Trash,'' she continued, ''is basically anything else. We do not pick up leaves, for instance, or old furniture or boxes of materials that were collected when somebody cleaned out their attic.'' 词典释义: All of my definitions are from The AHD, except Rubbish, from Cambridge Advanced Learners. Litter 随手丢的垃圾: A disorderly accumulation of objects or things carelessly discarded. "The streets were filled with litter after the parade." This sentence will produce a different mental picture in a native English speaker's mind than "The streets were filled with garbage after the parade." Garbage 厨余等完全无用了的垃圾, 有臭味的, 臭气熏天的感觉: Food waste as from a kitchen / worthless or nonsensical material. Garbage usually smells bad. No one wants to root through a garbage can. People wouldn't mind as much going through the office waste basket... Waste 废品: (verb) To use, consume, or spend thoughtlessly or carelessly. Waste has an idea of leftovers or things not entirely consumed. An office waste basket would have paper, paper clips, receipts, and other things in it that are considered leftovers or weren't used because they were extraneous. This is why we say "industrial waste 工业废品," and
Bosch Season 1: 1. posse [ˈpɑsi] I. a group of people who have come together for the same purpose. a group of people who are together in a place doing the same thing. A posse of reporters was waiting outside the courtroom. The disgraced minister walked swiftly from the car to his house pursued by a whole posse of reporters. II. in the past, a group of men in the US who were brought together to catch a criminal: The sheriff rounded up a posse and went after the bank robbers. III. slang a group of friends: I was hanging with my posse. script: I don't get it. Why is Irving putting Pounds in charge of the posse (task force)? Doesn't he want to catch this fucking guy? Exactly what I said to him before. What'd he say? Told me to mind my own business, so, I have. Edgar and I are headed out to the valley to interview Arthur Delacroix's father. 片段2: Tell me about Arthur Delacroix. Who? Part of your skateboard posse 一伙的 back in the day. That's you. That's your crew, right? Oh, man. I was... I was loaded most of the time back then. I don't even remember these guys' names, if I ever knew them. Which one's your boy? Let me ask the questions. This picture, where was it taken? 2. You know what happened to him? No, man. No, I mean, I lost track of 失去联系 all them guys after they locked my ass up in Sylmar for a whole fucking year. Yeah, when was that? '95. I come out... All my boys are scattered 四散而去, 作鸟兽散. 3. to make hay while the sun shines 趁着好天多打粮 I. (literally, agriculture) To make hay during favourable (dry) weather. II. (idiomatic) To act while an opportunity exists; to take action while a situation is favorable. Usage notes: In the imperative form, this verb is used as a proverb. If you make hay while the sun shines 趁天气好打粮食, it means that you take advantage of the chance to do something while conditions are good. In other words, you make good use of your time or make the most of an opportunity while you have the chance. Etymology: Hay harvest can be spoiled by wet weather. It is important that farmers seize the opportunity of dry weather for haymaking tasks (cutting, drying, gathering). Especially in medieval times, when forecasting the weather several days in advance was more difficult, it was all the more vital. Attested since 1546, originally a Tudor expression, and used figuratively since 1673. script: Would you do my pills, please? Mm-hmm. I went through the week's worth while you were gone, and I was very confused by the eighth day. Ma, after I do your meds, I have to go out for a while. Why? Um, for work. But I won't be gone long. But it's the holidays. I mean, don't these people know that you have family? Ma. Windows can wait! Look, it's my busy season. Make hay while the sun shines. Isn't that what you always say? Well, maybe it'll rain. Then you don't have to wash windows. You can stay with me. 4. So, we'd like for you to tell us exactly what happened that day, to the best of your recollection. Okay, uh, I had an audition in the afternoon... a CBS thing... quality drama. Uh, I hadn't worked in... well, quite a while, so I was stressed. I had a little drink... just a nip, you know how it is... round off the edges. I had to get the kids off to school. It wasn't easy. Arthur was wearing this black t-shirt that he always wore. The damn thing was filthy. I made him change. So, I go to the audition. The director said that I was "the wrong type for the part." He was just being polite. I was half in the bag ( half in the bag 半醉的 slang Drunk, mildly drunk, or nearly drunk. Sorry I didn't call you last night—I had some wine, got half in the bag, and fell asleep. ). So, then Arthur came back from school. What time was the audition? What time did Arthur get home? You know what? Maybe I picked him up at school. Nah, I can't remember. Like I said, I was soused ( soused [saʊst] I. kept in a liquid such as vinegar or alcohol for a long time. steeped or cooked (in a marinade or pickle) The meat is generously soused in wine. soused herring. II. informal 烂醉如泥的 very drunk. intoxicated; drunk Soused, he'd call me at all hours of the night. ). But you remember what shirt he was wearing. It's funny how that is. I mean, some things stick, some things don't, right? Yeah. That is strange, isn't it? I guess I picked Arthur up somewhere between school and home. You happen to remember what street? Nah, or... or maybe it was at the school bus stop. Like I... like I said, I-I was half in the bag. But you did pick him up somewhere after school. Right. Um, I saw Arthur, and, uh, I waved him into the car. Well, that's when I saw that he still had that damn black tee on. I yelled at him, and he tried to get out of the car while it was still moving. 5. What's she like, your ex? Eleanor? Why? Just wondering what kind of woman she is, what attracted you to her, what she does for a living. She was in the FBI when I met her. In the field or an analyst? Profiler. Woman of action. I like that you like ballsy 有种的 ( [ˈbɔlzi] brave and confident. You can describe a person or their behaviour as ballsy if you admire them because you think they are energetic and brave.[informal, approval] ...the most ballsy woman I know. ...ballsy, gutsy live rap music. ) women. Ballsy's my type. Mm, that's what the empirical 基于实践的, 基于经验的 (非理论性的) ( [emˈpɪrɪk(ə)l] based on real experience or scientific experiments rather than on theory. Empirical evidence or study relies on practical experience rather than theories. There is no empirical evidence to support his thesis. ...empirically based research. They approached this part of their task empirically. ) evidence would suggest, yes. She still with the bureau? Nope. She's a professional poker player. That's a hell of a career move. Same skill set. It's still reading people for a living. Works at a casino in Vegas. Turns out Chinese high rollers get their rocks off playing against a good-looking Caucasian woman. Who knew? 谁会想到 Not me. The reason she moved to Hong Kong in the first place. 6. take the weight off your feet/legs If you take the weight off your feet/legs, you sit down, especially after standing or walking for a long time: You must be exhausted after all that shopping - sit down and take the weight off your feet! used to tell someone to sit down Come in, take the weight off your feet. be/take a weight off your mind to allow you to stop worrying about a particular thing: It's a great weight off my mind to know that the building is finally finished. It was a weight off my mind knowing that our finances were taken care of. script: Your father's no longer being charged with your brother's murder. I don't understand. I thought he confessed. He de-confessed 认罪, 翻供. He didn't kill Arthur. Your father thought you killed Arthur. He was going to take the weight because of what he did to you. 7. that's about the size of it 说的不差吧, 说的差不多吧, 差不多是这样的吧 used for saying that you agree with someone's description or opinion of something. So everyone's on strike? Yeah, that's about the size of it. 8. You said you carried your son's body up the canyon and buried it. That's what happened. My partner carried a dummy the same size as your son up the same hill, broad daylight. Had a hell of a time 费死了劲( hell of a time I. Describing something (often a task or chore) that is, was, or will be very difficult or unpleasant. I always have a hell of a time trying to get my kids ready for school in the morning. They are just too rambunctious for me at that hour. II. Describing something that is, was, or will be very fun or exciting. We had one hell of a time at that party last night. It was so much fun. ). And he was sober. You didn't kill Arthur. You're responsible for his death. But somebody else killed him. What? You been jerking off to them (pictures) all these years and now you can't bear to look? Young woman falls in love with a pretty-boy actor, marries him. Things don't go his way, he starts drinking, beating on her ( beat on someone to hurt someone by hitting them a lot of times According to the witness, the police ran up and started beating on him.). Eventually she can't take it anymore. She runs off. Leaves him with two children. Guy's soaked with booze, self-pity 自怨自艾, 怀才不遇, 顾影自怜. Turns to his daughter for comfort. She's 11, 12 years old. Starts molesting her. They call it abuse these days. Let's call it what it is. It's rape. Girl is miserable. Blames it on her little brother and beats the shit out of him every day. Even sends him to the hospital with a cracked skull. Daddy covers it up. One day that little boy goes missing. And now daddy's afraid she's finally gone too far. Why you never filed a missing-persons report. Protecting your daughter. The one you've been raping since her mother left. 20 years later, dog digs up your boy's bones. You confess to the murder. That's about the size of it. Right? Yeah. That's right. 9. go off the reservation I. (literally) To leave an Indian reservation to which one was restricted. II. (derogatory) (US, politics) To break with one's party or group, usually temporarily. III. (by extension) To engage in disruptive activity outside normal bounds. Violating rules or decorum; out of bounds. Etymology: From analogy with a member of the tribe leaving an Indian reservation. script: You been watching the news from L.A., this serial killer, Raynard Waits? Yeah. We checked it out. No trace of this guy prior to '94. We still don't know yet who the hell he really is. Is this why you came? To pick my brain about Waits? I came to see Maddie and you. Bullshit. Just thought since I was already here... I don't do that anymore. I don't profile. Except when you're playing cards. Just thought you might be interested. Well, I'm not. Okay. I bet you brought the murder books, didn't you? I made copies of relevant pages. Copies? Is it even your case? You're off the reservation 违规, aren't you? Waits keeps contacting me. Got me involved. I put together a travel book. It's in the car. Put it under the tree behind the presents. 10. Okay. Cross your thumbs. That's good. Gives you better control. All right, now center mass 平衡重心. That's where you want to put your front sight. Use your finger pad 指肚 (finger tip 指尖) ( The fleshy underside of the end of the finger. knuckle I. usually plural one of the parts where your fingers can bend or where they join your hand. II. a piece of meat from an animal's lower leg. ) , not the crook 指关节(finger joint) ( fingers are crooked? Clinodactyly means that your child has an abnormally bent or curved finger. It is typically caused by abnormal growth and development of the small bones of the finger. ... This can cause a shift in the alignment of the finger joints as well. If you crook your arm or finger, you bend it. He crooked his finger 勾手指: 'Come forward,' he said. A finger joint 两块木头如地板以梳子的方式连接在一起, also known as a comb joint, is a woodworking joint made by cutting a set of complementary, interlocking profiles in two pieces of wood, which are then glued. The cross-section of the joint resembles the interlocking of fingers between two hands, hence the name "finger joint". The sides of each profile increases the surface area for gluing, resulting in a strong bond, stronger than a butt joint but not very visually appealing. Finger joints are regularly confused with box joints, which are used for corners of boxes or box-like constructions. ), okay? Okay. Whenever you're ready. 11. affirmative I. An affirmative 肯定的 word or gesture indicates that you agree with what someone has said or that the answer to a question is 'yes'. Haig was desperately eager for an affirmative answer. Dr Sinclair's affirmative nod seemed a shade reluctant. 'Is that clear?' Bob nodded his head affirmatively. II. In grammar, an affirmative clause is positive and does not contain a negative word. in the affirmative If you reply to a question in the affirmative, you say 'yes' or make a gesture that means 'yes'. He asked me if I was ready. I answered in the affirmative. Affirmative action, refers to a set of policies that support members of disadvantaged groups that have previously suffered discrimination (and may continue to) in such areas as education, employment, or housing. Historically and internationally, support for affirmative action has sought to achieve goals such as bridging inequalities in employment and pay, increasing access to education, promoting diversity, and redressing apparent past wrongs, harms, or hindrances. In the United Kingdom, hiring someone simply because of their protected group status, without regard to their performance, is illegal. However, the law in the United Kingdom does allow for membership in a protected and disadvantaged group to be considered in hiring and promotion in the event that that group is under-represented in a given area and if the candidates are of equal merit. The controlling logic is that the person must not be chosen simply because of their group membership, but rather that the relevant authorities are allowed to use disadvantaged group status as a "tie-breaker" between two candidates of otherwise equal merit. This is functionally the same as the practice known as "affirmative action" in the United States. An alternative approach common in the United Kingdom is described as "positive action", however. Under this approach, the focus tends to be on ensuring equal opportunity and, for example, targeted advertising campaigns to encourage ethnic minority candidates to join the police force. This is often described as being "color blind", although the social viability of that concept is heavily contested in the United States. script: This is six-William-twenty-one. Please confirm victim is a female. Affirmative. Female, approximately 30 years old. 12. in/by fits and starts 一波波的, 时不时地, 偶尔的 If something happens in fits and starts, it often stops and then starts again: Replies to the advertisement are arriving in fits and starts. In short, inconsistent, and irregular intervals, as of motion or progress. The car was almost completely broken down, but, in fits and starts, we were able to get it to a mechanic. If something happens or is done in fits and starts, it does not happen continuously, but stops and then starts again many times. The employment picture had been improving in fits and starts during the past several months. Denise's career plans can only proceed in fits and starts. Note: You can also say that something happens or is done by fits and starts. The author does not maintain a clear narrative line, but proceeds by fits and starts. script: What brings you back here, detective? Are you making progress? Fits and starts, doctor. Fits and starts. So, Nicholas Trent told us that, when he first moved here, there were always kids playing on the street and up on the hill. Yes. Quieter now. Not so many children on the street these days. You remember any names of those kids? 20 years ago. I was not a young man even then. You think your murdered boy might've been one of them? Possibly. Once in a while. Maybe he had friends on this street. 13. infirm adj. I. not physically or mentally strong, especially through age or illness. "those who were old or infirm 孱弱的, 弱不禁风的". II. (of a person or their judgement) weak; irresolute. "he was infirm of purpose". his mother is in the infirm. ...her aging, infirm husband. In spite of his age and infirmity, he still writes plays and novels. Older people often try to ignore their infirmities. The infirm 身体不结实的人 are people who are infirm. We are here to protect and assist the weak and infirm. 14. So, we got another pic of the van from that warehouse. We got the plates, too. Unfortunately, they belong on a 2001 Honda Accord... Owner had it in long-term parking at L.A.X. You can see the driver's face. It's obscured by the visor [ˈvaɪzər], but look at that in the rearview. It's a handicap tag. Hmm. Said his mother was infirm. Well, we're still going through the Maclaren files. We're trying to narrow down the kids who both fit the time frame and spent time in isolation. Think they might've digitized this shit? We still have several hundred to go. What else you gonna do on New Year's? 15. go to bat for someone to give someone your support and help. script: I'm looking over Stokes' probation file. Twice in the past 10 years he's had the same guy go to bat for him, guarantee him a job, a place to crash. Joe Olivas. Runs a property-management company in East Hollywood. It's been a few years. Might be worth a shot. Why not? We got nothing else. I got to grab this call, Jerry. It's Eleanor. 16. I don't think I remember any John Edward... Johnny Stokes. You went to bat for him a couple of times with county probation, remember? You always had a job for him. We believe in second chances around here. There are a number of young men we sponsor. I could pull the file if you furnish me with a court order ( furnish I. to provide furniture for a room or house. Furnishing a new home can be very expensive. be furnished with: Her study was furnished with an antique desk and chair. II. to provide someone with something that they need, especially information. furnish someone with something: Lyall's evidence may have furnished the police with a vital clue. Basic equipment will be furnished 提供 to all new recruits. ). Cut the crap, Olivas. I know what you do here. Stokes is a sweeper. He puts people out on the streets so your bosses can gentrify the neighborhood. Tell me what building he's working, and this ends here. Otherwise, I'm gonna make some calls, have city officials swarming every property you manage. 17. all's well that ends well 开局不利但皆大欢喜 if the outcome of a situation is happy, this compensates for any previous difficulty or unpleasantness. used for saying that a situation that did not start in a good way has ended in a way that is satisfactory or pleasing. It was a difficult time, but all's well that ends well. an expression which some people use to say that a difficult situation has ended with a good result. It is the title of a humorous play (written between 1601 and 1608) by William Shakespeare about the relationship between the two main characters, Helena and Bertram. script: Detective Bosch. I wanted you to know that the district attorney's impaneling a grand jury to hear evidence on the Waits case. You can expect to be subpoenaed. I thought you stepped on it. You have the video. I did. And I do. But this is bureau politics, Bosch. Above your pay grade, as you say. This grand jury is O'Shae's way of enforcing 确保实现 our, um... understanding. Anyway, I wanted you to be prepared. I also understand that you arrested John Stokes for Arthur Delacroix's murder. I'm on my way to the D.A.'s office to file charges after we're done here. Good. If he's charged, it won't be a problem. Problem? A man charged with murder has credibility issues. Whatever he might say about the incident involving officer Brasher will be discounted. You're not firing Brasher. She's reinstated 复职. She'll be transferred to pacific division, where she can get a fresh start, and as a condition of that reinstatement, Officer Brasher has agreed not to file a complaint of any kind against you. Complaint? For what? It would be quite damaging to the department if the detective who killed Raynard Waits and saved the hostage was mired in a sexual harassment complaint. There it is. All's well that ends well. And all for the good of the department. You can go now, Bosch. And as you do, it might be wise for you to consider how things could've gone, and might still go, if you choose to put yourself ahead of the department. I said... you can go. 18. Are you on the take 受贿, 收受贿赂 ( someone in an official position who is on the take is accepting bribes (=money in return for doing something wrong). It turned out the police officer was on the take. ) or something? Seriously? My own daughter? This must be like looking out of a spaceship at night. It is. Doesn't mean I'm on the take. Movie money bought this place. Yeah, I streamed that movie in Hong Kong. I'm glad they didn't use your real name. Me too. Look, I had to race out of here this morning without a shower or shave, so I'm gonna get cleaned up, and then we'll decide what to do today.
Aussie Slang: 'Bathers' - swimmers. 'No Wukkas' - no worries, it's ok. an expression used to express agreement or to convey that something is proceeding or has proceeded satisfactorily; no problem. 'Have a blue' - get into an argument. 'Give a bell' - call someone. 'Rug up' - wear warm clothes. to wear layers of warm clothes in the anticipation of cold weather. to put on warm clothing. I like to rug up in winter. I don't mind cold weather. 'Yobbo' [ˈjɒbəʊ] 没有教养的人 - uncultured person. Someone, usually a male, who is uncouth, badly behaved and obnoxious. Loud and drunk are also characteristics, but not always present". 'Idiot box' - television. 'Legless' - extremely drunk. 'bloody oath' - strongly agree. Most certainly; you bet; used to intensify an affirmative response. 'Whoop whoop = woop woop' - someone far away from anywhere of note. Woop Woop is an Australian and New Zealand term meaning far away from anything "he lives out woop woop". Equivalent terms include "beyond the black stump" and "dingo woop woop" (also Australia), "the boondocks" (Southern United States) and "out in the sticks" or "the back of beyond" (UK). 'Shout' - pay for someone. 'Dog's breakfast/dinner' - referring to a slapped up meal. Not thought out. a poor piece of work; a mess. something or someone that looks extremely untidy, or something that is very badly done. They've made a real dog's breakfast of that display. "we made a real dog's breakfast of it". slap-up meal 大餐: [British, informal] A slap-up meal is a large enjoyable meal. large and sumptuous. A slap-up meal is especially large and good: We went for a slap-up meal on our wedding anniversary. We usually had one slap-up meal a day. sumptuous [sʌmptʃuəs] adj Something that is sumptuous is grand and obviously very expensive. ...a sumptuous feast. She produces elegant wedding gowns in a variety of sumptuous fabrics. ...this sumptuously illustrated volume. A white cane sofa is sumptuously upholstered in gold taffeta and purple velvet. 'Larrikin' - jovial, cheeky person. 'Brolly' - umbrella. 'Buckley's Chance' - it's a longshot. 'Goon. fortune of goon (game)' - cheap (often boxed) wine. 'She'll be apples = she'll be right.' - everything will be fine.
