sustenance

用法学习: 1. sustenance [ˈsʌstɪnən(t)s] 食物, 营养, 支持 I. Sustenance means the food, drink, or nourishment that people, animals, and plants need to live, grow, and stay healthy. food, or the energy and other things food provides people and animals to keep them strong and healthy: The ranch animals get a lot of their sustenance from grazing. The state provided a basic quantity of food for daily sustenance, but little else. During this freezing weather, the food put out by householders is the only form of sustenance that the birds have. II. the ability of food to provide people and animals with what they need to make them strong and healthy: A stick of celery does not provide much sustenance. III. emotional or mental support: When her husband died, she drew sustenance from/she found sustenance in her religious beliefs. topline adj. I. so important as to be named at or near the top of a newspaper item, advertisement, or the like. a topline actor. topline news. II. of the highest reputation, importance, etc. a topline business firm. III. 顶级的. top-line goods are expensive and thought to be of high quality top-line cars such as Mercedes, BMW and Porsche. "topline thoughts" means a quick summary of the main ideas, key points, or overall impressions on a topic, without getting bogged down in minor details. Last year we focused on cost-cutting rather than revenue, but this year we need to focus on the top line. top-line revenue growth. the first line in the accounts of a company or organization, which states the amount it receives from sales, rather than its final profit or loss: The top line normally includes gross revenues before any deduction of costs or expenses. Advance orders are up 93% - that's going to help us grow the top line. bottom line 净利润或者亏损 the final line in the accounts of a company or organization, stating the total profit or loss that has been made. the total profit or loss of a company at the end of a particular period of time. the final line in the accounts of a company or organization, which states its total profit or loss: help/benefit/boost the bottom line Many companies see that becoming more energy efficient, recycling waste, and having a good corporate image can all help the bottom line. hurt/impact on/affect the bottom line When he considers a potential investment, he looks strictly at the bottom line. How will the rise in interest rates affect our bottom line? How will the rise in interest rates affect our bottom line? the bottom line the most important fact in a situation. the final result or the most important consideration of a situation, activity, or discussion: The bottom line is that they lost the game. The bottom line is that we need another ten thousand dollars to complete the project. sb's bottom line the final offer someone will accept: Before beginning a negotiation, know your bottom line. They will accept $235,000 for the house, and that's their bottom line. 2. lop off I. If you lop something off, you cut it away from what it was attached to, usually with a quick, strong stroke. We've got to lop off the lower branches of this tree. Somebody lopped the heads off our tulips. ...men with axes, lopping off branches. His ponytail had been lopped off. II. If you lop an amount of money or time off something such as a budget or a schedule, you reduce the budget or schedule by that amount. The Air France plane lopped over four hours off the previous best time. More than 100 million pounds will be lopped off the prison building programme. fig. The city council lopped thousands of dollars from the budget. lopper: a garden tool used for cutting branches off trees, or thick stems from plants, in one quick movement: A well-used lopper, perfect for pruning, stands by the door. Put down the secateurs, and use long-handled pruning loppers instead. pair of loppers She rummaged through the gardening tools until she found a pair of loppers. A tree lopper is a long-handled pruning tool used to cut thick branches up to 2 inches in diameter from trees and shrubs. wiki: Loppers are a type of scissors used for pruning twigs and small branches, like pruning shears with longer handles. They are a larger type of manual garden cutting tool, but not as long as pole pruners (averruncators [ˌævərʌŋˈkeɪtə] in British English: Averruncators are long-handled shears or pole-mounted cutting tools used for pruning high tree branches. ). Loppers are usually operated with two hands, and have handles typically between 30 centimetres (12 in) and 91 centimetres (36 in) long to give good leverage. Some have telescopic handles which can be extended to a length of 2 m (6.6 ft), in order to increase leverage and to reach high branches on a tree. Loppers are mainly used for the pruning of tree branches with diameters less than 5 centimetres (2 in). Some of the newer lopper designs have a gear system, a compound lever system, or a ratchet drive, which increases the force applied to the blades. Etymology: The word lopper can be used in the singular or the plural, with precisely the same meaning. The plural form, most common in speech but less so in print, is a plurale tantum, and seems to be on the model of a pair of scissors. The name of the tool is derived from the verb "to lop", meaning to cut off (especially branches or twigs), which in turn is related to a noun of precisely the same form: a "lop" is a period or session of branch cutting. 3. Pilchers (Australia, New Zealand, dated): traditional waterproof covers or plastic pants worn over cloth nappies or diapers to prevent leaks. Synonym of plastic pants ("an undergarment worn over a diaper/nappy (or underwear) to prevent leakage."). 3. A bookend is an object tall, sturdy, and heavy enough that is placed at either end of a row of upright books to support or buttress them. Heavy bookends—made of wood, bronze, marble, and even large geodes—have been used in libraries, stores, and homes for centuries. The simple sheetmetal bookend (originally patented in 1877 by William Stebbins Barnard) uses the weight of the books standing on its foot to clamp the bookend's tall brace against the last book's back. In libraries, simple metal brackets are often used to support the end of a row of books. Elaborate and decorative bookends are common as elements in home decor, and may display or represent elements of the contents of the books they support. The word "bookend" is also used metaphorically to refer to any pair of similar things that mark a beginning and an end.

I, Jack Write: 1. I'm just not sure why you're asking me. Because you're our lawyer. Er, I'm your lawyer,
but I'm not your late husband's lawyer. I'm sorry? Right. I assumed he would have told you. My apologies. Told me what? That your husband dis-instructed ( Disinstruct means to withdraw or cancel the instructions previously given to a professional, such as a solicitor, lawyer, or estate agent, effectively firing them or ending their representation. To officially revoke an order or cancel a professional agreement where you previously asked someone to act on your behalf. Mostly used in British and Commonwealth English legal and business settings. Can be done by a client firing their professional (e.g., a client "disinstructs" their lawyer), or sometimes by a professional deciding to stop acting for a client (also phrased as "disinstructing oneself"). It is a functional industry term rather than a formal dictionary word, so standard dictionaries often omit it even though it appears frequently in legal blogs and contracts. ) us about three months ago. The will we drew up 立的遗嘱 for him is now null and void. In fact, we shredded both copies of it in this office in early August. And I've just learnt that my late husband instructed you to write a new will for him. And I was hoping you could call me back, please. A-S-A-P. 2. Did the autopsy mention anything about it? I'm not sure they were very interested in his brain given the very large hole he had in his chest. But the big advantage of a capacity challenge, as I remember from law school, is that if we can prove it, the current will becomes invalid. It would, you'd revert to the previous version, which I presume you've seen. We drew it up together. Okay. So, first off I suggest we enter a caveat ( A caveat is a formal written objection that puts a temporary stop to a pending probate application. It prevents the court from approving the will or giving the executor authority until your concerns are heard. It generally lasts for six months unless the court removes it or extends it. ) on the estate of your husband to stop probate ( Probate is an official court order from the Supreme Court of NSW that confirms a deceased person's will is valid and gives the named executor legal authority to manage and distribute the estate. In common law jurisdictions, probate is the judicial process whereby a will is "proved" in a court of law and accepted as a valid public document that is the true last testament of the deceased; or whereby, in the absence of a legal will, the estate is settled according to the laws of intestacy that apply in the jurisdiction where the deceased resided at the time of their death. ) being applied for. Okay. We should also probably instruct ( I. to order or tell someone to do something, especially in a formal way. to order or tell someone to do something, esp. in a formal way: The police have been instructed not to let anyone leave the area. be instructed to The police have been instructed to patrol the building and surrounding area. instruct sb to do sth They were instructed to remove the vehicles from the site immediately as they were causing an obstruction. II. UK to employ a lawyer to represent you in court. to employ a lawyer to deal with a legal case, and to tell them what you want them to do: We'll instruct our lawyer to draw up an agreement. III. When a judge instructs a jury, he or she tells it what the law means and how to use it. IV. to teach someone how to do something: instruct someone in something He works in a sports centre instructing people in the use of the gym equipment. I need someone to instruct me on how to use the computer. Employees will be instructed on the use of the new invoicing system that is being introduced next month. ) a capacity expert. And then if they feel the evidence you provide them with regarding your husband's behaviour over the last year or so is robust, I'm thinking we might need a second autopsy. 3. James Hibbs for the Radio Times thought that "as a character study and a family drama, it works, with enough twists and turns to keep thing[s] interesting. It may not be the most cohesive [kəʊˈhiː.sɪv] ( united and working together effectively: a cohesive group. cohesive forces. ) piece of television you see this year, with far too much going on – but it is certainly an entertaining ride nonetheless." He did not like "the flash-forward interviews ... [which] add to the sense of mystery, but also add an unnecessary layer of artificiality. Many of them look and feel both tacked on and also a bit cheap, detracting from the more impressive work done throughout the bulk of the episodes. 4. Thought she would have retired already. Not sure if money was ever Annie's primary driver 动机, 主因 ( primary driver: A primary driver is the person who operates a specific vehicle more frequently than anyone else. Occasional Driver vs Primary Driver.  ). Yeah. Sorry, bad joke. 5. Emily, it's lovely to see you, but we are in the middle of an acquisition. Speckmans, yes. And given that all this will be yours one day soon Possibly. I'm sure you'd want me to be bending my mind to the job in hand. Absolutely. I just came to say I've always admired you John, immensely. And I'm so embarrassed about Friday. Obviously I had no idea that he was gonna do that, otherwise, I would have tried to persuade him against it. Because from everything I saw when I worked here, from everything I've known about you my entire life, from everything Granddad told me about you, I can't think of a better person to run this company than you. Well, that's very sweet, Emily. I'm sure Dad never said anything of the sort, but thank you for a creditable fib( fib: to tell a small lie that does not cause any harm: George was fibbing some to make things seem more exciting. I can tell he's fibbing because he's smiling! a small lie that does not cause any harm: Apart from the little fibs, she did nothing wrong. tell a fib 无伤大雅的谎话 Don't believe him - he's telling fibs again. The phrase "a creditable fib" means a believable lie or a very plausible, well-crafted untruth. Here is the breakdown of what those two words mean when put together: Creditable: This means believable, plausible, or worthy of commercial/intellectual credit. In this specific context, it means the story makes sense and is easy to accept as the truth. Fib: This is a soft, informal word for a small, relatively harmless lie or untruth. When someone tells a "creditable fib," they have spun a story that is false, but they did it so well that it sounds perfectly realistic and convincing! ). Well, it's true. But either way, my sense is I'm gonna be here for a while now, just to get my thoughts straight. So, I just wanted to say if you ever needed a friendly ea 需要倾诉, 需要发牢骚, 需要倒苦水 from a fellow chief exec, please do call. A fellow chief exec? Well, I appreciate that. Thank you. I'll get out of your hair.

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用法学习: 1. put someone/something through their/its paces 尽情展示才能, 各显其能, 各显神通 to make someone show their skills or knowledge, or to make something show its good qualities: All the candidates were put through their paces during the television debate. white-ant 内部腐蚀, 内部颠覆, 从内部摧毁, 从内部打垮 (Australia, colloquial) To bring down from within; to undermine. Etymology: From white ant ("termite"), suggesting the action of termites eating the inside of wooden building foundations, often leaving no outward evidence until the structure begins to crumble. White-anting is an Australian term for the process of internal erosion of a foundation. It is often used in reference to groups such as political parties or organisations where information from group insiders is 'leaked' or used to undermine the goals of the group. The Macquarie Dictionary says the verb "to white-ant" means "to subvert or undermine from within". The term is derived from the action of termites (white ants) eating the inside of wooden building foundations, often leaving no outward evidence, until the structure crumbles. tumultuous adj. very loud, or full of confusion, change, or uncertainty: The former president appeared to tumultuous applause and a standing ovation. After the tumultuous events of 1990, Europe was completely transformed. a. A tumultuous event or period of time involves many exciting and confusing events or feelings. ...the tumultuous changes in the war-torn region. Shares were 1 per cent down after another tumultuous day at the bank. b. A tumultuous reaction to something is very noisy, because the people involved are very happy or excited. A tumultuous welcome from a 2,000 strong crowd greeted the champion. Delegates greeted the news with tumultuous applause. 2. marshal verb. to bring together or organize people or things in order to achieve a particular aim: marshal your forces 纠集力量 The fighting in the city followed reports of the rebels marshalling their forces in the countryside. marshal its forces 集中力量 The company is marshalling its forces for a long court case. marshal its resources 集中资源 The council ought to marshal its resources to fight crime and improve the hospitals. They had marshalled an armada of 1,000 boats to help clear up the oil. It is unlikely that the rebels will be able to marshal as much firepower as the government troops. To marshal the troops 集结队伍 means to gather, organize, and prepare soldiers or people into proper order and formation for action. Literal meaning: To assemble military forces and line them up in a specific order ready for battle. The general spent the morning marshaling the troops before the inspection. Figurative meaning: To bring together and arrange people, resources, or ideas in an effective way to achieve a goal. The manager needed to marshal her team and gather all the data before the big presentation. The charity worked quickly to marshal supplies and volunteers for the relief effort. "all will be well 一切都好好起来的" (often written as "all shall be well, and all manner of thing shall be well") means that, despite current suffering, pain, or chaos, God's love will ultimately make everything right. Julian of Norwich: The 14th-century English mystic and anchorite wrote these words in her book Revelations of Divine Love after receiving a series of visions. Historical context: She lived through the Black Death, war, and social turmoil, yet insisted on a message of radical hope. Not the absence of pain: The phrase does not promise that you will avoid sickness, trials, or grief. Triumph of love: It means love is at the center of existence, and nothing—not even sin or tragedy—can permanently overcome God's goodness. Modern resonance: Explored deeply by writers like T.S. Eliot, it remains a well-known meditation on patience, resilience, and faith. The Author: Julian of Norwich was a medieval Christian mystic who lived as an anchoress—a person who chose to live in total isolation in a small cell attached to a church. The Book: She wrote Revelations of Divine Love, which is widely considered the earliest surviving book written by a woman in the English language. The Vision: The famous line was spoken to her by Jesus during a series of sixteen profound spiritual visions she experienced while severely ill on her deathbed. 3. minister to someone 照料, 照看, 照顾 to give help to or care for someone, for example someone who is ill: formal: The priest ministers to his flock (= the people who go to his church). humorous: I spent most of the morning ministering to my sick husband. not the done thing mainly UK (US usually not the thing to do 没人会那么干, 你就不能那么干, 没有那么做的道理) not socially acceptable: Smoking during a meal is not the done thing. not done Socially unacceptable, improper. Unacceptable, inappropriate, or incorrect in a particular social situation. Bringing along two friends without asking, that's not done. You should know better than to wear a skirt like that to a formal dinner. It is simply not done! Attaching a photo to your application may be standard in some countries, but here it's just not done. "it's just not done" means that a behavior or action is socially unacceptable, improper, or against the rules of good manners. evangelize = evangelise [ɪˈvæn.dʒə.laɪz] 步道, 传道 (spread the gospel to 传播福音), 意见, 鼓吹, 宣扬, 大肆称许 to talk about how good you think something is: I wish she would stop evangelizing about the virtues of free market economics. If someone evangelizes a group or area, they try to convert people to their religion, especially Christianity. 4. taster: a small amount or short experience of something that is intended either to make you understand what it is like or to make you want more of it. A taster session is a short, low-commitment introductory class or event that lets you try an activity, course, or service before deciding to buy or sign up. Education: Schools and universities hold taster lectures or college days so students can experience a subject before enrolling. A taster session is an opportunity for your child to spend part of the school day in their potential new classroom. They'll meet their future teacher, connect with other children, and take part in lessons and activities – all in a relaxed, welcoming environment. It's more than just a visit: it's a chance for your child to see what everyday life at Dallington feels like, while you gain valuable insight into how they might thrive here. The children are expected to attend another school in the area after visiting for a taster session on Monday. Prince Harry was reportedly seen helping Lilibet into reception, while the family had already been added to parent WhatsAppp groups at the new school. According to a spokesperson for the Duke and Duchess, the move is not reflective of any criticism of the school and its staff. "The decision for the children to move school was taken following a discussion with the family's security team about the practicalities 可行性, 实际性 of their current arrangements," they told Hello magazine. "The parents remain extremely grateful to all the teachers and staff for the love, care and effort they have shown their family. "This decision should in no way be interpreted as a reflection on the school or the exceptional care the children have received there.". Business and Training: Companies offer free webinars, short workshops, or trial consultations as a marketing tool. Hobbies and Fitness: Gyms and clubs host single trial classes (like yoga or music lessons) so beginners can see if they enjoy it. reflective I. A reflective surface 反光面 sends back most of the light that shines on it and can therefore be seen easily. able to send back light, heat, energy, or sound from a surface: ...a garden of flowing streams, water basins, waterfalls, and a reflective pool. Avoid pans with a shiny, reflective base as the heat will be reflected back. Joggers should wear reflective clothing at night. II. 沉思的. 深思的. 若有所思的. thinking carefully and quietly. showing or involved in careful thinking; thoughtful. If you are reflective, you are thinking deeply about something. I walked on in a reflective mood to the car. Mike is a quiet, reflective man. 'The first part of her life hasn't been all that good,' he said reflectively. He gazed reflectively at his companion. After hearing the news they sat in a quiet, reflective silence. In my more reflective moments, I write poetry. III. If something is reflective of a particular situation or attitude, it is typical of that situation or attitude, or is a consequence of it. The German government's support of the U.S. is not entirely reflective of German public opinion. The pupil's answers may not have been reflective of what the class as a whole had understood. 5. leviathan [ləˈvaɪə.θən] 庞然大物 something or someone that is extremely large and powerful. A leviathan is something which is extremely large and difficult to control, and which you find rather frightening. Democracy survived the Civil War and the developing industrial leviathan and struggled on into the twentieth century. The US is seen as an economic leviathan. In those empty-sky days of Covid, many declared the A380 already dead, with aviation poised to enter a new world of smaller, more efficient medium- and long-haul aircraft that would render the hub-to-hub leviathans obsolete. But the A380's enduring 经久不衰的 popularity won out and it surged back 杀回来, aided by Airbus and Boeing production delays on new jets. penalize [ˈpiː.nəl.aɪz] I. 使不利, 使处于不利地位 to cause someone a disadvantage. to treat someone or something in a way that gives them a disadvantage: The current tax system penalizes people on low incomes. The stock was penalized because Wall Street believed the company's financials would come in below expectations. The present tax system penalizes poor people. The system should ensure that borrowers are not penalized by sudden rises in mortgage rates. II. to punish someone for breaking a rule. to punish someone for failing to obey a rule, law, etc.: be penalized for He was penalized early in the game for unsportsmanlike conduct. The new law penalizes the taxpayers who can least afford to pay. Boone was penalized for unnecessary roughness and thrown out of the game. Several major cities are introducing measures that penalize big polluters. penalize sb for sth The legislation penalized China for manipulating its currency to gain trade advantages. If a person or group is penalized for something, they are made to suffer in some way because of it. Some of the players may, on occasion, break the rules and be penalized. Use of the car is penalized by increasing the fares of parking lots. Bad teaching is not penalized in a formal way. 6. paraphernalia [ˌpær.ə.fəˈneɪ.li.ə] 相关事物 I. all the objects needed for or connected with a particular activity. a collection of objects, esp. equipment needed for or connected with a particular activity. You can refer to a large number of objects that someone has with them or that are connected with a particular activity as paraphernalia. ...a large courtyard full of builders' paraphernalia.  ...tea-making paraphernalia. photography paraphernalia. We sell pots, gloves, seeds, and other gardening paraphernalia. drug paraphernalia Bags of cocaine and all sorts of drug paraphernalia were seized at the airport. II. [disapproval] If you disapprove of the things and events that are involved in a particular system or activity, and you think they are unnecessary, you can refer to them as paraphernalia. The public don't necessarily want the paraphernalia of a full hearing. 7. histrionics [ˌhɪs.triˈɒn.ɪks] 演戏似的, 做戏, 惺惺作态 disapproving very emotional and energetic behaviour that is not sincere and has no real meaning. loud, emotional behavior that does not seem sincere. I'd had enough of Lydia's histrionics. NSW Police Deputy Commissioner Peter McKenna rejected claims the community was targeted, saying the weekend's operation went to 14 different licensed premises. "Five, maybe six of those may consider themselves a place that LGBTQIA+ communities frequent," Deputy Commissioner McKenna told 702 ABC Sydney Mornings. "The same night, we had a drug dog operation in the King's Cross Precinct and across all of those licensed premises. "I think there has been considerable exaggerations and I would say histrionics around this particular matter. "We have to go everywhere. Otherwise, we would encourage drug suppliers." histrionic [ˌhɪs.triˈɒn.ɪk] 做作的, 装出来的, 惺惺作态的,  deliberately affected. overly dramatic or emotional. theatrical. very emotional and energetic, but not sincere or without real meaning. (of behavior) showing a lot of emotion in order to persuade others or attract attention. If you refer to someone's behaviour as histrionic, you are critical of it because it is very dramatic, exaggerated, and insincere. Dorothea let out a histrionic groan. a histrionic performance. histrionic outburst. She put on a histrionic display of grief at the funeral. histrionic gestures. a tendency to become histrionic. Both lawyers indulged in courtroom histrionics. melodramatic adj. showing much stronger emotions than are necessary or usual for a situation. tending to behave or show emotion in ways that are more extreme than usual: I've always been a little melodramatic. a melodramatic speech. Histrionic personality disorder (HPD) 表演型人格障碍 is a personality disorder characterized by a pattern of excessive attention-seeking behaviors, usually beginning in adolescence or early adulthood, including inappropriate seduction and an excessive desire for approval. People with HPD have a high desire for attention, make loud and inappropriate appearances, exaggerate their behaviors and emotions, and crave stimulation. They very often exhibit pervasive and persistent sexually provocative behavior, express strong emotions with an impressionistic style, and can be easily influenced by others. Associated features can include egocentrism, self-indulgence, continuous longing for appreciation, and persistent manipulative behavior to achieve their own wants. Histrionic personality disorder is also linked with hyperbolic language and hyperbolic communication. 8. Clambake: A traditional outdoor feast. Features seafood like clams, lobster, and mussels. Cooked with corn, potatoes, and sausage over hot stones or seaweed. Fudge & Tunnel of Fudge Cake: A rich, sweet chocolate candy. The legendary Tunnel of Fudge Cake is a dense chocolate ring cake with a soft, gooey center baked in a special tube pan. Tubing (坐在充气的轮胎或者救生圈里划水): Tubing, also known as inner tubing, bumper tubing, towed tubing, biscuiting (in New Zealand), or kite tubing, is a recreational activity where an individual rides on top of an inner tube, either on water, snow, or through the air. The tubes themselves are also known as "donuts" or "biscuits" due to their shape. It can mean floating down a calm river in a large rubber inner tube. a recreational activity where a person rides on an inflated inner tube on water or snow, and it also refers to hollow cylindrical pipes used in manufacturing, medical, and construction applications. Water tubing: Floating down a calm river or lake, or getting towed at high speeds behind a motorboat. Snow tubing: Sliding down a prepared snowy hill or slope sitting inside a heavy-duty inner tube. Air/Kite tubing: Being towed through the air behind a boat using a specialized kite-tube. Tubing in baking: In baking, it refers to a fluted tube pan or Bundt pan used for ring-shaped cakes. In baking, "tubing" usually refers to either piping tubes (the nozzle tips used with piping bags to decorate cakes and cookies) or tube pans (specialized cake pans with a hollow center core used for angel food and chiffon cakes). 9. A drivetrain (drive-train or drive train) 传动系统(Your chain slipped 掉链子了.), also known as a transmission system, is the group of components that deliver mechanical power from the prime mover to the driven components. In automotive engineering, the drivetrain is the components of a motor vehicle that deliver power to the drive wheels. This excludes the engine or motor that generates the power. In marine applications, the drive shaft will drive a propeller, thruster, or waterjet rather than a drive axle, while the actual engine might be similar to an automotive engine. Other machinery, equipment and vehicles may also use a drivetrain to deliver power from the engine(s) to the driven components. In contrast, the powertrain is considered to include both the engine and/or motor(s) as well as the drivetrain. Crew Girl: Hey! Watch where you're going! What the… You're not gonna ask if I'm okay? You seem okay. Are you going to apologize for hitting me? You're zooming down the sidewalk(zoom off If you zoom off, you leave very quickly. The bikers zoomed off. zoom off/around/down etc to go somewhere or do something very quickly Brenda jumped in the car and zoomed off. The work was really easy and I was able to zoom through it in a couple of hours. ), okay? That's on you. Your chain slipped. Do you know how to fix it? Okay. Uh… What are you, um… Fixing your chain. So do you live here? Yes. What do you do for fun? We have clambakes, tubing, fudge. If that's your thing. All right, come here. See the drivetrain? You gotta clean it or your chain is just gonna keep slipping. This thing? This one… should do it. You didn't have to do that, but, uh… thanks. I'm Teagan. I just moved here. Cam. Dillinger. Okay, look, I gotta go. Learn to fix your bike, okay? Next time, I won't be around. 10. Crew Girl: Look, I know the school's a whole vibe, but you'll get used to it. Everyone's pretty chill. Ah. Nice to know it's not just yacht bros and pretentious horse girls, you know. No? I'm the captain of the equestrian [ɪˈkwes.tri.ən] team. Which is great. And really impressive. Teagan! There you are! Yeah. Come with me if you wanna live. Britney. Amber. Wow, that is the fastest I've ever seen anyone unalive their social standing("Unalive social standing 社死" is internet slang that means completely destroying one's reputation, social status, or credibility, often to the point of social exile. Social exile is the state of being removed, shut out, or banned from a community, group, or society. It is a modern variation of phrases like "social suicide社死" or "career suicide." People online use the term "unalive" to bypass social media content filters that flag or censor words related to death, suicide, or violence. When applied to "social standing," it describes a situation where someone performs an action so damaging that their community, friend group, or professional network permanently cuts ties with them. ). How am I supposed to know there would be horses? What school doesn't have horses? I'm your first-aid buddy, Juliet Morny. Hey. So is Britney, like… The most popular girl at school? Yeah. She's smart, beautiful, voted most likely to win in a land war in Asia ( never fight a land war in Asia = never start a land war in Asia (pick your battles, choose your battles) Don't bite off more than you can chew; don't start a fight that is too big to win. Etymology: Attributed to various military leaders, including Bernard Montgomery, Dwight Eisenhower and Douglas MacArthur, the quotation has existed in various forms since the Second World War. It was popularized when used by the character Vizzini in the 1987 movie The Princess Bride (after appearing in the 1973 novel The Princess Bride). Asia is far more heavily populated than Europe or North America, and while Western armies had technological advantages post-WWII, these could be overcome (as they were in Korea by the Chinese PLA and Vietnam by the PAVN) by sheer numbers. ). That's terrifying. Ah, it's Easton Prep. We're too well-heeled to be well-adjusted( well-heeled rich. The shop attracted a loyal following among the well-heeled. His family was very well heeled. well adjusted 成熟的, 理智的, 心智正常的 A well adjusted person is reasonable and has good judgment and their behaviour is not difficult or strange. A well-adjusted person has a mature personality and can control their emotions and deal with problems without becoming anxious. ...a happy, loving and well adjusted family.  a quiet, well-adjusted man. ). The prestigious school's been around since 1798. It's known as the Harvard of high schools. Looks like the place where Swedish royalty send their kids to lay low. We don't have Swedish. Prince of Spain goes here, though. You wanna meet Federico? 11. febrile [ˈfiː.braɪl] I. 疯狂的. 热火朝天的. 活跃的, 极活跃的, 狂热的, 燥热的. extremely active, or too excited, imaginative, or emotional. Febrile behaviour is intensely and nervously active. The news plunged the nation into a febrile, agitated state. She sang with febrile intensity. febrile imagination He has a febrile imagination. Perhaps, in an age of febrile discontent, staying above the fray is simply impossible. II. caused by a fever: febrile convulsion 发烧导致的抽搐 High fevers in babies can cause febrile convulsions with very serious consequences. afebrile [ˌeɪˈfiː.braɪl] not having a fever. The patient was afebrile, and her vital signs were stable. IV antibiotics are continued until the patient is afebrile for 24 hours. choice word 说话不客气, 没有好话 Something said bluntly in a scornful, often profane, manner. He had choice words when she sent over one of her team to try to introduce them. The gaffer had a few choice words to say to us. And he probably has a few choice words to say about me in return. He had some choice words for those who might suggest he'd take sickies. Etymology: In its original use, choice words referred to spoken or written text that was deemed excellent and admirable. The current idiomatic uses arose by ironic inversion. Usage notes: Almost always used in the plural, or in a plural sense.

aggravating factors 加罪因素, 加重情节, 加重因素 VS the mitigating factors 减罪因素: "In deciding whether or not the DA's office was going to seek the death penalty, we have gone through a rigorous 严格的 review where we look at the aggravating factors 加罪因素, 加重情节, 加重因素(An aggravating factor is any fact or circumstance surrounding a crime that increases its severity or leads to a harsher legal sentence.) as well as the mitigating factors 减罪因素(Mitigating factors are specific facts or circumstances that can lead a judge to give a lighter sentence or reduced charge, though they do not excuse the crime or prove the person is innocent.), where we have spoken to the victims' family, we have spoken to prosecutors, law enforcement, and worked with the most senior people in the district attorney's office," Hochman said Tuesday.

mitigate [ˈmɪt.ɪ.ɡeɪt] 减轻, 减缓 to make something less harmful, unpleasant, or bad. to make something less severe or less unpleasant. To moderate (a quality or condition) in force or intensity; alleviate. ...ways of mitigating the effects of an explosion. The cost of getting there is mitigated by Sydney's offer of a subsidy. Getting a lot of sleep and drinking plenty of fluids can mitigate the effects of the flu. It is unclear how to mitigate the effects of tourism on the island. technologies that can mitigate global warming. mitigate damage/risk. The company was criticized for failing to mitigate risks at the plant. mitigate the effects/impact of sth There isn't much more we can do to mitigate the negative effects of rising oil prices. mitigate the possibility of serious injury to other patrons if the wearer becomes violent. The term macroprudential regulation 宏观调控 characterizes the approach to financial regulation aimed to mitigate the risk of the financial system as a whole (or "systemic risk").  mitigating circumstances situations that are not an excuse for a crime, but that a court of law may consider to be important enough to reduce the blame or punishment of the accused person: The judge said that there were no mitigating circumstances that would result in a lesser punishment. 

extenuate [ɪkˈsten.ju.eɪt] to cause a wrong act to be judged less seriously by giving reasons for it: He was unable to say anything that might have extenuated his behaviour. 

 aggravate [ˈæɡrəˌveɪt] I. to make something bad become worse, especially a situation or a medical condition. If someone or something aggravates a situation, they make it worse. Stress and lack of sleep can aggravate the situation. He would only aggravate the injury by rubbing it. His headache was aggravated by all the noise. This speech will only aggravate the existing tensions. Collocations: Adverbs frequently used with aggravate: greatly, seriously, severely. We expect an existing medical condition to be severely aggravated by the physical effects of the work. Nouns frequently used as the object of aggravatecondition, injury, pain, problem, situation, symptom. Changes in temperature may aggravate the symptoms. II. ​mainly spoken to annoy someone. If someone or something aggravates you, they make you annoyed. What aggravates you most about this country? You don't realise how aggravating you can be. I just couldn't take the aggravation. My brother really aggravates me sometimes. aggravated [ˈæɡrəˌveɪtəd] 加重的 Aggravated is used to describe a serious crime which involves violence. an aggravated crime has features, such as the use of violence, that make it worse. aggravated assault. He was jailed for aggravated assault. aggravating adj. I. mainly spoken annoying, causing or full of aggravation. I've had an aggravating day. It's really aggravating – she says she'll call, and then she doesn't. II. ​legal making a crime worse. The judge considered several aggravating factors.  

rigour = USA rigor 痛苦, 强度, 困难度 I. If you refer to the rigours of an activity or job, you mean the difficult, demanding, or unpleasant things that are associated with it. He found the rigours of the tour too demanding. ...the rigours of childbirth. It is the oldest school of the nine considered by the Clarendon Commission and is regarded as among the most prestigious in the world. It is particularly known for its academic rigour, where, despite the smallness of pupil numbers, it has been referred to as "the finest foundation in Europe." The school is currently undergoing a transition to become co-educational and to accept day pupils, having previously been a boys' boarding school. the rigors 难受劲儿, 难熬, 煎熬 of something the difficult and unpleasant aspects of a situation. He found the rigours of the tour too demanding. ...the rigours of childbirth. the rigors of a Himalayan winter. II. If something is done with rigour, it is done in a strict, thorough way. The new current affairs series addresses challenging issues with freshness and rigour. III. the quality of being strict or severe. Until 1948 the law was enforced with varying degrees of rigor from district to district. IV. a sudden feeling of cold with shivering accompanied by a rise in temperature, often with copious sweating, especially at the onset or height of a fever. A rigor is an episode of shaking or exaggerated shivering 打摆子 which can occur with a high fever. It is an extreme reflex response which occurs for a variety of reasons. It should not be ignored, as it is often a marker for significant and sometimes serious infections (most often bacterial). It is important to recognise the patient's description of a rigor and to be aware of the possible significance of this important symptom. rigor mortis [ˌrɪɡər ˈmɔrtɪs] a condition that affects the body after death, in which it becomes stiff 僵硬. rigorous ['rɪgərəs] I. 详尽的. 一丝不苟的, 严格的. 严格测试. 详细测试.  thorough and careful. A test, system, or procedure that is rigorous is very thorough and strict. ...rigorously conducted research. The selection process is based on rigorous tests of competence and experience. ...a rigorous system of blood analysis. ...rigorous military training. rigorous safety checks. II. If someone is rigorous in the way that they do something, they are very careful and thorough. He is rigorous in his control of expenditure. III. strict, or severe. rigorous enforcement of the law. Rigorous testing = exhaustive testing详尽测试, 严格测试: Testing the application by providing all the test data is called rigorous testing. a kind of complete testing where we follow strict entry and exit criteria; and also we deal with all possible combinations of test cases and test data so that every possible flaws can be found out from the system and we can remove them before the system goes live. Regression testing 回归测试: Testing the side of effects the code or new enhancement in the existed application is called regression testing. a way of testing new features in a piece of software that re-checks everything that was working before, to make sure that the changes work and have not had a bad effect on the earlier version of the software Regression testing is a crucial step in the software development process, which ensures the quality of software systems by detecting whether new faults have been introduced into previously tested code. 

vigour = vigor (AM) Vigour is physical or mental energy and enthusiasm. mental energy, enthusiasm, and determination. After a brief rest, she returned to the job with renewed vigor 精神焕发. His body lacks the bounce and vigour of a normal two-year-old.  He blew his nose with great vigour 用很大力气. vigorous I. 用尽全力的, 使劲的. 全身心投入的 full of energy, enthusiasm, or determination. Vigorous physical activities involve using a lot of energy, usually to do short and repeated actions. Very vigorous exercise can increase the risk of heart attacks. Some African dance is vigorous, but full of subtlety. He shook his head vigorously. She shivered and rubbed her arms vigorously. We need a vigorous campaign to reduce deaths on the roads. 20 minutes of vigorous exercise. a vigorous debate. They demanded more vigorous action to tackle the disease. vigorously chewing 用力嚼, 使劲嚼. There has been vigorous opposition to the proposals for a new road. He takes plenty of vigorous exercise. II. A vigorous person does things with great energy and enthusiasm. A vigorous campaign or activity is done with great energy and enthusiasm. She was a strong and vigorous politician. ...the most vigorous critics of the government. They will take vigorous action to recover the debts. ...a vigorous campaign against GM food. The police vigorously denied that excessive force had been used. III. strong, active, and healthy. healthy and strong: He was a vigorous 有活力的, handsome young man. Cutting the bush back in the autumn will help promote 促进 vigorous growth in the spring. I used to travel more when I was young and vigorous. vigorous plants 长得好的, 长势喜人的, 茂盛的, 旺盛的. 长势旺的 are healthy, strong, and growing well.

TBBT

用法学习: 1. TBBT: Leonard: No, it is not yours. We all  went in 集资 on the box together. Sheldon: Well, yes, but I found it in the box, and the laws of maritime salvage clearly state that the finder of a sunken treasure is the owner of the treasure. Leonard: How is this maritime salvage? Sheldon: Other than the lack of water, how is it not? 2. TBBT: Penny: Okay, here's the protocol, you and I are still friends, and you stop saying coitus. Sheldon: Good, good. I'm glad we're still friends. Penny: Really? Sheldon: Oh, yes. It was a lot of work to accommodate you in my life. I'd hate for that effort to have been in vain. Penny: Right. Sheldon: Just to be clear do I have to stop saying coitus with everyone or just you? Penny: Everyone. Sheldon: Harsh terms 条件苛刻, 严苛. But all right, I'll just substitute intercourse. Penny: Great. Sheldon: Or fornication. Yeah. But that has judgmental overtones, so I'll hold that in reserve. Penny: So, how you been? Sheldon: Well, my existence is a continuum, so I've been what I am at each point in the implied time period. 3. TBBT: Sheldon: I found it. The ring is mine. I don't understand why in this group I never get my way. Leonard: You always get your way. Sheldon: I'll stipulate to that if you give me the ring. Penny: Hey, guys. Enjoying your food that I actually brought you instead of promising food, but bringing you a box of random crap? Leonard: Yeah, it's delicious, the sarcasm's a little stale 老生常谈, 老掉牙, though. Hey, how about this? Until we figure out what to do with the ring, Penny holds on to it. 4. indomitable [ɪnˈdɒm.ɪ.tə.bəl] 百折不挠的, 不可战胜的 used to say that someone is strong, brave, determined, and difficult to defeat or frighten. (of a person) strong, brave, and impossible to defeat or make frightened. If you say that someone has an indomitable spirit, you admire them because they never give up or admit that they have been defeated. ...a woman of indomitable will. He was utterly indomitable. an indomitable spirit/will. The indomitable Mrs Furlong said she would continue to fight for justice. in a trench coat 装模作样, 伪装 (slang, humorous) Pretending to be something greater, especially unconvincingly. Nobody authorized anything; it's just a scanner in a trench coat. Etymology: From a pop culture cliché in which two children, one on the other's shoulders, wear a long coat in order to pass for one adult to enter an R-rated movie theater. A trench coat is a type of raincoat with pockets and a belt. Trench coats are often similar in design to military coats. Prepare for bad weather by throwing on a lightweight trench coat. 5. indefatigable [ˌɪn.dɪˈfæt.ɪ.ɡə.bəl] = not able to be pulled down by fatigue always determined and energetic in trying to achieve something and never willing to admit defeat. never becoming tired. You use indefatigable to describe someone who never gets tired of doing something. His indefatigable spirit helped him to cope with his illness. He was indefatigable in his efforts to secure funding for new projects. She worked indefatigably and enthusiastically to interest the young in music. For many years Annie has been an indefatigable campaigner for human rights. Annie was an indefatigable campaigner for better community services. Fleabag jumps back into the fray with a bracing second season that upholds its predecessor's frenzied wit and delicate heart, replete with Phoebe Waller-Bridge's indefatigable charisma. bracing 清新的, 令人心旷神怡的 I. (of weather) cold and perhaps windy, in a way that makes you feel full of energy. The crisp weather was oddly bracing. The air on top of the hill was cool and bracing. a bracing wind. II. (of an activity) making you feel full of energy because it is done outside when the weather is cold and perhaps windy: We enjoyed a bracing walk on the beach. Her day begins with a bracing run along the canal. a bracing early morning swim. III. having a strong effect on your senses or emotions. The finale, bracing and exhilarating, dazzled from start to finish. Starting life again as a single woman has been bracing, a little scary, but ultimately very good for me. At an altitude of 6,900 feet, the air is bracingly clean. This is a bracingly honest story by a writer who seems to remember exactly what it was like to be 16. 6. a new wrinkle A new and often unexpected aspect, dimension, innovation, development, or stratagem. A happy expedient, a novel or different device. To bring or contribute a new and often unexpected aspect, dimension, innovation, development, or stratagem (to something). If proven to be true, the discovery could signal a new wrinkle in the way we think about the evolutionary process. Their new, and unorthodox, pitcher has brought a new wrinkle to the team's offensive game. Well, this is certainly a new wrinkle—no one foresaw that the experiment would yield a rubber-like substance. World Liberty is celebrating the major milestone, while critics worry this is a new wrinkle on the classic case of the fox guarding the henhouse 狐狸给鸡当保镖 that will give corporations and foreign actors a new way to stealthily curry favor with the White House. note: The transfer of "wrinkle" from rumpled clothing or age-lined skin took place in the 1800s, but the idea of novelty was added in the United States in the early 1900s. Jazz composer W. C. Handy used it in Father of the Blues (1941): "In addition to twirling their batons, they added the new wrinkle of tossing them back and forth." This cliché is particularly popular with business journalists. 7. varsity [ˈvɑː.sə.ti] 校队 used to describe sports teams at schools or colleges that are at the most skilled level of play. one of the main sports teams at a university, college, or school: He was hoping to make the varsity next year. Eight varsity players will return to the football team next season. He was a member of the varsity baseball team. a. [British, mainly journalism] People sometimes use varsity to describe things that relate to universities, especially sports activities or teams at a university or competitions between universities. He swam varsity for McGill. Women must have the same opportunities to participate in varsity sports. b. The varsity is the main or first team for a particular sport at a high school, college, or university. She has been in the playoffs every year since she made the varsity. He also played for the varsity basketball team. note: Varsity is a shortened form of the word "university" that most commonly refers to the highest-level athletic team representing a high school, college, or university. A varsity team is the highest-level team in a sport or activity representing an educational institution. Varsity teams train to compete against each other during an athletic season or in periodic matches against rival institutions. At high schools in the United States, a varsity team is one step above a school's junior varsity (JV) team, which is composed of less experienced players. act noun. I. something that you do: an act of aggression/bravery/madness/terrorism. simple act The simple act of telling someone about a problem can help. a kind/thoughtless/selfish act. artistic representations of the sexual act. II. behaviour that hides your real feelings or intentions: Was she really upset or was that just an act 做给人看的, 装的, 做样子的? III. a person or group that performs a short piece in a show, or the piece that they perform: a comedy/juggling/trapeze act 表演. Our next act is a very talented young musician. IV. a part of a play or opera: Shakespeare's plays were written in five acts 一幕. The hero does not enter until the second act/Act Two. V. law specialized a law or formal decision made by a parliament or other group of people who make the laws for their country: an Act of Parliament. the Betting and Gaming Act. Almost two hundred suspects were detained in the UK last year under the Prevention of Terrorism Act. The state legislature passed an act banning the sale of automatic weapons. act of God 自然事件 a natural event that cannot be controlled or prevented by humans, especially one that causes a lot of damage, such as an earthquake or a flood. an event such as a very bad storm that cannot be prevented or controlled and usually cannot be insured against: The insurance company dismissed the accident as an act of God and refused to pay out. Primitive people regarded storms as an act of God. Acts of God, such as lightning strikes, were traditionally excluded from insurance policies. Your home warranty will not cover a system's failure from normal wear and tear, but will cover failure from an act of God. act of bravado something, especially something unnecessary and dangerous, that shows courage and that you do to make people respect or admire you: In an act of bravado, he challenged his opponent to a fight. The whole escapade was an act of bravado that went horribly wrong. act of defiance an action which shows that someone refuses to obey someone or something: She wore the badge as an act of defiance. The organizers of the protest asked demonstrators to turn their backs in an act of defiance against the government. act of desperation something you do when you are in such a bad situation that you are willing to take risks in order to change it: In an act of desperation, he put all his money into bitcoin. This is not a strategic plan - it's an act of desperation. Some people see suicide bombings as misguided acts of desperation. act of terrorism a violent action that is designed to cause fear among ordinary people, in order to achieve political aims: The bomb explosion was one of the worst acts of terrorism that the country had experienced in recent years. be a hard/tough act to follow to be so good that it is not likely that anyone or anything that comes after will be as good: His presidency was very successful - it'll be a hard act to follow. do a disappearing/vanishing act to go away, usually because you do not want to do something or meet someone: Tina always does a vanishing act when my mother comes to stay. get your act together to start to organize yourself so that you do things in an effective way: She's so disorganized - I wish she'd get her act together. get/muscle in on the act to take advantage of something that someone else started: We did all the hard work of setting up the company, and now everyone wants to get in on the act. put on an act to behave or speak in a false or artificial way: He's just putting on an act for the boss's benefit. 8. baste [beɪst] 拿汤汁浇, 浇汤汁 verb If you baste meat, you pour hot fat and the juices from the meat itself over it while it is cooking. Baste the turkey at regular intervals. to put fat or meat juices on food, esp. meat, while it cooks: We basted the turkey every twenty minutes. Pam was in the middle of basting the turkey. Bake for 15-20 minutes, basting occasionally. baster (移液器, 吸量管或滴管): a large glass, plastic, or metal tube with a rubber bulb at one end and a small opening at the other, to be filled with butter, drippings, etc., for basting food as it is cooking. A baster (or turkey baster) is a kitchen tool with a squeeze bulb and a tube. It draws up pan juices, stock, or melted butter and ejects them over roasting meat to keep it moist and flavorful. Many modern sets also include a needle tip to inject liquids directly into the meat. double-header A double header is a pair of sporting games, concerts, or entertainment events held one right after the other, usually on the same day and at the same venue. two events, sports games, entertainments, etc. happening one after another: The two games were played as a double-header in Paris. In those days, films were double headers with an intermission. A double tap, or double-tap, is the practice of following a military strike (be it bombardment such as missile strike, air strike, artillery shelling, or detonation of explosive weapon or improvised explosive device) with a deliberately timed second strike in the same place several minutes later, usually in an attempt to maximize the casualties of an attack. A triple tap refers to an additional third strike which follows the second strike. The term is usually associated with instances where emergency responders and medical personnel rushing to the site hit by the first strike are hit by the second strike. A quadruple [ˈkwɒdrʊpl] tap refers to a sequence of four strikes, where three subsequent waves follow an initial attack in the same location to target those who gather at the site. A Florida Law Review article defines the practice as strikes separated by five to twenty minutes, stating that the practice likely is a war crime and arguing that it violates the Geneva Conventions of 1949, which prohibit targeting civilians, the wounded, and those no longer able to continue fighting. 9. lay someone up 卧床不起, 卧病在床 to force someone to stay in bed. to disable or confine with illness or injury. If someone is laid up with an illness, the illness makes it necessary for them to stay in bed. a knee injury laid him up for a week. She's been laid up with the flu for over a week. I was laid up in bed with acute rheumatism. Powell ruptured a disc in his back and was laid up for a year. lay something up I. to stop a machine, ship, or vehicle, for example when it needs repairs or there is not enough work to do: Eighteen of our biggest cargo ships were laid up until business improved. 养病. 卧床休息. To recuperate or rest; to remain in a place. He laid up until recovering from his illness. She's been laid up in Reno for weeks. II. 单手上篮. in basketball, to jump in the air very close to the basket and throw the ball into the net with one hand to score, especially by bouncing it off the backboard: The player caught the ball one-handed, laid it up, and the crowd went crazy. III. in golf, to hit the ball a shorter distance than normal, for example to avoid some water or a bunker (= an area filled with sand): Because it's a really tight hole, you just have to lay it up. lay-up I. in basketball, an action in which a player jumps in the air very close to the basket and throws the ball into the net with one hand to score, especially by bouncing it off the backboard: They took advantage by scoring several easy lay-ups. It was a game they won on a last-second layup. II. in golf, a shot in which a player hits the ball a shorter distance than normal, for example, to avoid some water or a bunker (= an area filled with sand): The hole requires either a skilful lay-up, leaving a long shot over water to the green, or a heroic drive. 10. stanza [ˈstæn.zə] I. (verse段) 小节. a group of lines of poetry forming a unit. A stanza is one of the parts into which a poem is divided. Each stanza has four verses and each expresses a different aspect of this journey. II. (computing) An XML element which acts as basic unit of meaning in XMPP. III. (computing) A section of a configuration file consisting of a related group of lines. In Linux system administration, database management (like Splunk), or network routing, a stanza is a distinct block of lines in a configuration file. It groups related configuration settings under a specific header. In an Apache configuration or an .ini file, everything listed under a header like [VirtualHost] or [INPUT] until the next header is considered a single "stanza." A helpmeet (= helpmate) is a companion or helper who is well-suited, equal, and complementary to another person. Origin and Biblical Meaning: The term comes from the King James Version of the Bible in Genesis 2:18, where God says of Adam, "I will make him an help meet for him". It is a misreading of two separate words ("help" and "meet") rather than a single compound noun. Help translates the Hebrew word ezer, which often describes a strong rescuer or saving strength (frequently used in the Bible to describe God). Meet is an archaic adjective meaning "suitable," "fit," or "corresponding to". Together, the original Hebrew phrase (ezer kenegdo) means a corresponding counterpart or an equal partner rather than a subordinate assistant. Modern Usage and "Helpmate": Over time, people combined the two words into helpmeet and later morphed it into helpmate, which generally means a helpful companion or spouse. While modern readers sometimes mistake "helper" for a servant or subordinate role, biblical and linguistic scholars emphasize that it denotes strength, harmony, and mutual completion. 11. suspect [ˈsʌs.pekt] 有问题, 有疑点的, 不可靠的 adj possibly false or dangerous. not able to be trusted; possibly false or dangerous: I can't understand why my reasons seem suspect to a number of people. The study was carried out with such a small sample that its results are suspect. A suspect parcel was found at the station. In 2024, both a Coles customer in Perth and a Woolworths shopper in Sydney report having a suspect card. suspect VS suspicious: Suspect 有问题, 有疑点的, 不可靠的 (Adjective): Meaning: Something that is questionable, unreliable, or believed to be involved in wrongdoing. It implies that there is actual reason or evidence to doubt something. Focus: The object or thing itself is likely bad or false.
Usage: Used for things, ideas, motives, or people. Examples: "The food at that cheap restaurant looks suspect." (It looks like it might be spoiled or low-quality.) "His alibi is highly suspect." (There is evidence that his story isn't true.) "The car's brakes are suspect." (They are likely faulty.). Suspicious (Adjective): Meaning: This has two very different meanings. Meaning A (Feeling) 表示怀疑的, 表示不相信、不信任的: Feeling that someone or something is untrustworthy or guilty. (This is about a person's emotional state). Meaning B (Causing) 令人可疑的, 让人生疑的: Causing others to feel distrust or fear. (This is about the effect the thing has on people). Focus: Can describe how you feel or how something makes you feel. Examples: Meaning A (Feeling): "The police officer was suspicious of the driver." (The officer felt distrust.). Meaning B (Causing): "There was a suspicious van parked outside." (The van made people feel uneasy.). Meaning B (Causing): "I find his behavior very suspicious." (His behavior causes me to distrust him.). 

'Paella is just for lunch' and other unwritten rules for visiting Spain: Spain is famous for its laid-back lifestyle, but beneath the long lunches and late nights are social codes 社交规则 that shape everyday life. Our expert explains how to read them. While Spain is beloved for its beautiful beaches, romantic architecture and delicious food culture, one of its strongest draws is its famously relaxed pace. No hay prisa ("no rush") and tranquilo ("relax") are oft-uttered phrases here; meals are drawn out 拖得很久, 时间很长 and nightlife lasts until morning. Even non-Spanish speakers know the meaning of siesta. But "relaxed" doesn't mean there's no order. Beneath Spain's easy-going surface are silent social codes that shape everything from how people queue to how they structure their days. Instinctive rather than explicitly stated 明说的, 明确规定的, Spain's unwritten social rules are often based on respect for regional identity, a belief that life is best lived sociably in public and a historical need to work with, not against, the searing Sun. Locals might not say them out loud, but that doesn't make them any less important to learn. From relinquishing your personal space to skipping paella at dinner, here are five unwritten rules that will help you understand Spain from the inside. Trust the invisible queue: Try to order at a covered market, pharmacy, bakery, bar or local shop in Spain and you'll typically find people standing around randomly, no clear line in sight. It may seem confusing to the outsider, but there's a deeply ingrained system at play, rooted in a cultural preference for interaction, informality and social trust. "Queues" in Spain do indeed exist, but they are typically spread-out crowds rather than prim lines ( prim [prɪm] 规规矩矩的 disapproving very formal and correct in behaviour and easily shocked by anything rude. formal, neat, and socially correct: She wore a silk gown and prim white gloves. She's much too prim and proper to drink pints of beer. a. If you describe someone as prim, you disapprove of them because they behave too correctly and are too easily shocked by anything rude. We tend to imagine that the Victorians were very prim and proper. We sat primly at either end of a long settee. She sipped her tea primly. b. If you describe something as prim, you mean that it is very neat, tidy, or sensible. On her blonde wavy hair, the white hat looked nicely prim. the prime meridian 本初子午线线 the imaginary line from the North Pole to the South Pole that passes through Greenwich in England and marks 0° longitude, from which all other longitudes are measured. International Date Line换日线. ) because of space constraints 空间限制 in small premises or market aisles; standing where it's most convenient solves the issue. But how do you know when it's your turn? What to do: When you arrive, approach the closest person and ask "¿Quién es el último?" (Who's last?) or simply "¿El último?" They will point to whomever is. Once you know who's last, you're free to walk along the displays and peruse ( [pəˈruːz] I. to read through something, especially in order to find the part you are interested in: He opened a newspaper and began to peruse the personal ads. II. to read or look at something in a relaxed way: He opened the newspaper and perused the sports pages. Note: it can mean to read something very carefully, or it can mean to skim through it casually. ) what to buy without losing your place. But stay alert: you will get asked "¿El último?", too. Don't assume the meal is over when it's over: You've just had the last bites of Spanish tortilla ([tɔːrˈtiːə tor-TEE-ə) (a thin, circular unleavened flatbread, originally made from corn (maize) but now also made of wheat flour. The corn tortilla is a staple food in most of Mexico and Central America, while the flour tortilla is typical of Northern Mexican and Mexican-American cuisine. The tortilla has become popular across the world. ) and the last drops of Rioja. But before you ask for the bill, look around. The tables next to you, strewn with empty glasses and crumpled napkins, may look like they've finished too, but they're just entering another phase: the ritual known as la sobremesa. Literally translated as "over the table", la sobremesa is the hour (or hours) after the meal when everyone settles in for a long conversation. It may involve another round of coffee or drinks, but there's no pressure: la sobremesa is all about enjoying each other's company. The tradition is thought to stretch back to the agricultural past, when families sat around the table after lunch as it was still too hot return to the fields immediately. Most Spaniards may no longer till the fields ( Tilling a field 翻地 means digging, stirring, or turning over the earth to prepare it for planting crops. If you've visited Lancaster farmland, you've likely heard someone boast that much of Lancasters farmland is "no-till" land. Did you know 66% of Lancaster County's farmers utilize no-till or minimum-till practices on their farms? But what exactly is tilling, and why do we try to avoid it? According to Oregon State University, "tilling is the practice of aerating the soil to permit moisture and air to permeate, allowing seeds to germinate, encouraging root growth, controlling weed growth, and integrating fertilizers into the soil." Farmers often till their fields with plows to prepare fields for seeding. ), but the sobremesa continues its role in maintaining relationships. The joy of enjoying each meal for as long as possible has never gone out of style. What to do: Simply relax, put away your phone and keep chatting away. Waiters are used to letting people enjoy their conversations, so just raise a hand to ask for the bill when you're (really) ready to leave. And feel free to linger even longer. Follow the Sun: Spain's famously late rhythm can bewilder visitors, with dinners that last until midnight and shops that close for hours after lunch. But there's a logic behind the seemingly languorous rhythm(languorous [ˈlæŋ.ɡə.rəs] 慵懒的(表现富贵的)(More sensual and indulgent — a pleasurable slowness. Almost always carries a positive or dreamy connotation. Evokes warmth, luxury, ease. ) mentally or physically tired or not active, in a way that feels or looks pleasant. If you describe an activity as languorous, you mean that it is lazy, relaxed, and not energetic, usually in a pleasant way. ...languorous morning coffees on the terrace. I felt warm and languorous. His dark eyes were languorous and heavy-lidded. languid [ˈlæŋ.ɡwɪd] 懒散的, 懒洋洋的, 慢吞吞的, 有气无力的(General low energy, weak, or slow-moving. Can be neutral or even slightly negative. Often physical — tired limbs, slow movements. ) moving or speaking slowly with little energy, often in an attractive way. lacking energy, or causing a lack of energy or enthusiasm: He sat on the porch enjoying the delicious, languid warmth of a summer afternoon. a languid manner/voice. If you describe someone as languid, you mean that they show little energy or interest and are very slow and casual in their movements. To his delight a familiar, tall, languid figure lowered itself down the steps of a club. Time spent at Jumby Bay can be as energetic or as languid as you wish. We sat about languidly after dinner. ). In Spain, people work with, not against, the Sun. Historically, Spanish farmers started the day early to get their work done before the Sun grew too hot, saving lunch until they were through. Then, in the 1940s, General Franco moved the clocks forward to align with Nazi Germany. Though the country now found itself in the Central European time zone, many stuck to the traditional solar schedule: lunch at 13:00 became lunch at 14:00 as the sun reached its zenith an hour later than before, and dinner happened later, too, as the light now lasted longer. In Spain, the workday is also slightly longer than the EU average: 36.3 hours per week versus 35.9 hours. Perhaps that's why Spain's famous "siesta" is increasingly less the norm, since 80% of its population now lives in cities. Unable to head home at lunchtime and have a nap, workers now often return to the office or use the post-lunch time to tackle chores. What to do: Shape your day around avoiding the worst of the afternoon Sun between 13:00 and 18:00 – a light breakfast. Check shop hours to avoid slogging through the heat to a shuttered destination, and keep in mind that only tourist restaurants open at 19:00. If you can hold off 推迟 until 20:30 or 21:00 you'll be able to eat at better establishments. Consider a strategic siesta to help you stave off the hunger, or prepare for a long night. Make room for the crowd: Spain is a tactile nation, where touching an arm for emphasis, greeting with hugs and (lots of) kisses, bumping shoulders in a bar and standing close to strangers in a line are all everyday aspects of social behaviour – though they can surprise visitors from places with stricter norms around personal proximity. Furthermore, whether you find yourself in the city or the village, Spanish social life has traditionally been lived in public places like plazas, bars and streets. These shared spaces can get quite closely packed, meaning you end up very close to your neighbours by default. What to do: Don't automatically read physical closeness as rudeness. Stake out your own (little) space but accept that you'll still catch accidental bumps and jostles in busy areas. If you need to squeeze past someone, a simple "perdón" (sorry) suffices, and almost always elicits "no pasa nada" (no problem) from the other person. Don't order paella for dinner or sangria at a bar: Thanks to Spain's thriving tourist industry, you'll find the same supposed Spanish staples – sangria, paella [pʌɪˈɛlə] and tapas [ˈtæp.əs] ( Tapas are small, savory plates of food or snacks in Spanish cuisine that are traditionally served alongside drinks like wine or bee. They are sized as appetizers, snacks, or finger foods rather than full main courses. Tapas (Spanish: [ˈtapa]) are appetisers or snacks in Spanish cuisine. They can be combined to make a full meal and are served cold (such as mixed olives and cheese) or hot (such as chopitos, which are battered, fried baby squid; or patatas bravas, spicy potatoes). In some bars and restaurants in Spain and across the globe, tapas have evolved into sophisticated cuisine. In some Central American countries, such snacks are known as bocas. In parts of Mexico, similar dishes are called botanas. An individual appetizer (or single order of an item) is a tapa.) – wherever you go. But Spain is a huge country, with 17 autonomous communities on the mainland, and an equal number of regional cuisines. Traditionally, people ate what was produced locally, and that love for and loyalty towards regional identity when it comes to food is still strong today. Embrace the opportunity to enjoy the beloved dishes of the city you're visiting. Paella is revered as a native dish 本地菜 of Valencia and Catalonia, but wherever you try it, do it like the Spanish and order it just at lunchtime, as it is considered a heavy meal to digest. Tapas bars will serve regional specialties depending on the city, but the sheer creative variety of pintxos is best enjoyed in their Basque homeland. If you're in Madrid in the colder months, don't miss the famous meaty chickpea cocido stew (Cocido is a traditional, hearty Spanish comfort food featuring a slow-cooked blend of meats, vegetables, and legumes simmered in a rich broth.); enjoy gazpacho in Andalusia and most of Spain in the summer. Year-round, consider swerving the sangria. Locals do drink it, but it's not regarded a bar drink: it's more commonly consumed as a punch at parties. What to do: If a restaurant has a photo menu, it will likely be a tourist trap. To explore regional dishes, try a three-course menú del dia in local restaurants during weekdays. These menus are dying out in Spain partly because of shorter lunch breaks and the rise of new, trendier eateries, so look out for places full of locals with daily chalkboard menus, generally indicating fresh, seasonal food. To drink at the bar like a local, order the nationally adored tinto de verano, a mix of red wine and lemonade that contains no hard liquor, or tiny caña draft beers, which stay colder longer.