用法学习: 1. A rat tail 小辫子, 小辫辫 is a polarizing haircut featuring a long, thin strand of hair growing downward from the back of the head, leaving the rest of the hair short or styled into a fade. Originally popular in the 1980s punk subculture, the tail is frequently braided or dyed and has recently seen a trendy, rebellious comeback among Gen Z. 2. An algal [ˈæl.ɡəl] bloom 水藻丛生 or algae [ˈæl.ɡiː] bloom(algal [ˈæl.ɡəl] adj (algae noun.) relating to algae (= very simple plants that grow in or near water and do not have ordinary leaves or roots): Sewage nutrients do increase algal growth in the harbour. algal bloom Large algal blooms began appearing with increasing regularity in the shallow, coastal sea at the mouth of the Mississippi. green alga plural green algae one of very many kinds of algae (= very simple plants without ordinary leaves or roots that grow in or near water) that grow mostly in fresh water, but also including some kinds of seaweed (= sea plants): Patches of green algae floated on the water. Green algae in a pool can attract mosquitoes. ) is a rapid increase or accumulation in the population of algae in fresh water or marine water systems. It may be a benign or harmful algal bloom. Algal bloom is often recognized by the discoloration in the water from the algae's pigments. The term algae encompasses many types of aquatic photosynthetic organisms, both macroscopic multicellular organisms like seaweed and microscopic unicellular organisms like cyanobacteria. Algal bloom commonly refers to the rapid growth of microscopic unicellular algae, not macroscopic algae. An example of a macroscopic algal bloom is a kelp forest 海藻林, 海带林( kelp is a specific subgroup within the much broader algae family.). Algal blooms are the result of a nutrient, like nitrogen or phosphorus from various sources (for example fertilizer runoff or other forms of nutrient pollution), entering the aquatic system and causing excessive growth of algae. An algal bloom affects the whole ecosystem. An algal bloom is a rapid, dense accumulation of microscopic, plant-like organisms (algae or cyanobacteria) in water systems. They are triggered by warm temperatures, stagnant water, and an excess of nutrients like phosphorus and nitrogen. They can make water look foamy, soupy, or abnormally colored. Depending on the algae, the water may turn green, blue-green, red, or brown. 3. hang-up call A type of nuisance call where the caller repeatedly dials another number and abruptly hangs up when the receiver picks up. hang-up: I. a source of mental or emotional difficulty. a source of annoying difficulty or burden; impediment; snag. The most serious hang-up the project has is a shortage of funds. She has a lot of hang-ups about money. II. 心结. a preoccupation, fixation, or psychological block; complex. His hang-up is trying to outdo his brother. III. a fixture, object, or decoration that can be affixed to a wall, ceiling, other objects, etc.. He brightened up the room with flower baskets and other hang-ups. hang up I. (tr) to put on a hook, hanger, etc. please hang up your coat. II. to replace (a telephone receiver) on its cradle at the end of a conversation, often breaking a conversation off abruptly. III. informal to cause to have an emotional or psychological preoccupation or problem. He's really hung up on his mother. 4. civil 友善的, 和善的, 民事非刑事的, 民事非军事的, 世俗非宗教的 I. You use civil to describe events that happen within a country and that involve the different groups of people in it. ...civil unrest. II. 民事非军事的. You use civil to describe people or things in a country that are not connected with its armed forces. ...the U.S. civil aviation industry. III. 世俗的, 非宗教的. You use civil to describe things that are connected with the state rather than with a religion. not military or religious, but relating to the ordinary people of a country: Helicopters are mainly used for military rather than civil use. civil unrest. civil society. civil disorder. civil government. After ten years of military dictatorship, the country now has a civil government. civil ceremony. We weren't married in church, but we had a civil ceremony in a registry office. They were married on August 9 in a civil ceremony in Venice. ...Jewish civil and religious law. IV. You use civil to describe the rights that people have within a society. ...a United Nations covenant on civil and political rights. V. Someone who is civil is polite in a formal way, but not particularly friendly. polite and formal. being polite, courteous, and respectful in a formal way, without necessarily being warm or friendly. It is often used to describe maintaining basic, acceptable manners—even when you are in a tense situation or dealing with someone you dislike His manner was civil, though not particularly friendly. As visitors, the least we can do is be civil to the people in their own land. The man nodded civilly to Sharpe, then consulted a notebook. ...civility to underlings. VI. 民事的. 非刑事的. relating to private arguments between people or organizations rather than criminal matters: civil court. The matter would be better dealt with in the civil court rather than by an expensive criminal proceeding. civil suit. civil case. civil law. civil action. keep a civil tongue in your head used to tell someone to stop being rude. not have a civil word to say about someone 没有一句好话, 想不起一点好来(not have a bad word to say about/against somebody if no one has a bad word to say about a particular person, everyone likes and respects that person.) to not be able to think of anything good to say about someone. note: civil 和善的, 和气的 implies merely a refraining from rudeness [keep a civil tongue in your head]; polite suggests a more positive observance of etiquette in social behavior [it is not polite to interrupt]; courteous 彬彬有礼的 suggests a still more positive and sincere consideration of others that springs from an inherent thoughtfulness [always courteous to strangers]; chivalrous [ˈʃɪvlrəs] 骑士般的 implies disinterested devotion to the cause of the weak, esp. to helping women [quite chivalrous in her defense]; gallant [ˈɡæl.ənt] 绅士的 suggests a dashing display of courtesy, esp. to women [her gallant lover]. respectful, deferential, gracious, complaisant, suave, affable, urbane, courtly. civil, affable, courteous, polite(反义词: boorish, churlish.) all imply avoidance of rudeness toward others. civil suggests a minimum of observance of social requirements. affable suggests ease of approach and friendliness. courteous implies positive, dignified, sincere, and thoughtful consideration for others. polite implies habitual courtesy, arising from a consciousness of one's training and the demands of good manners. 4. infirmary [ɪnˈfɜː.mər.i] 医务室 a room in a school, college, or university where students who are injured or feeling ill can go to a nurse for treatment. II. UK old use a hospital. It is now used mainly in the names of hospitals. Some hospitals are called infirmaries. Mrs Hardie had been taken to the infirmary in an ambulance. ...the Radcliffe Infirmary in Oxford. Leeds General Infirmary. the Royal Infirmary. ad-seg = AdSeg 单独关押, 隔离室, 隔离间 (Canada, US) Abbreviation of administrative segregation: solitary confinement in prison. In a prison or jail context, ad seg (short for administrative segregation) refers to a form of solitary confinement or separated housing used to separate specific inmates from the general prison population. Ad seg is utilized for the following primary reasons. Safety and Protection: Housing an inmate away from the general population for their own safety (protective custody) or because they pose a severe threat to others. Pending Investigations: Holding an inmate in isolation while staff investigate a suspected rule violation, a crime, or gang activity. Security Management: Isolating individuals who disrupt the facility or represent a high-security risk. While administrative segregation is primarily a safety and management tool, it is often used interchangeably with the general term "solitary confinement". It typically means an inmate is kept in a single cell for up to 23 hours a day, with very limited access to recreation, personal property, and social contact. 5. stall verb. I. [I or T] If an engine stalls, or if you stall it 憋灭了, 憋熄火了, it stops working suddenly and without you intending it to happen: A car may stall due to the driver braking too suddenly. I stalled the car twice during my driving test but still managed to pass. II. [I] to delay taking action or avoid giving an answer in order to have more time to make a decision or get an advantage: She says she'll give me the money next week but I think she's just stalling (for time). If you stall, you try to avoid doing something until later. Some parties have accused the governor of stalling. Thomas had spent all week stalling over his decision. III. If you stall a person 拌住, 拖住, 拖着, you delay them or prevent them from doing something for a period of time: I managed to stall him for a few days until I'd got enough money to pay back the loan. mainly us The thief broke into the office while his accomplice stalled off 绊住, 牵住, the security guard. So, what if David's innocent? That's why they build prisons. They're all innocent. If you really came here to talk to Hilde Winslow, then why'd you wait so long to tell us? Hmm?Because she's stalling 拖住, 吸引注意力. Burroughs is inside. IV. to stop making progress: Japan's economic growth has stalled 停步不前, 停滞不前, with industrial production contracting in June for the fourth straight month. V. If you stall an event, you delay it or prevent it from making progress: Commandos stalled 阻挡住, 抵挡住 the enemy attack by destroying three bridges. Fears are growing that a tax increase may stall economic recovery. noun. I. a large table or a small shop with an open front from which goods are sold in a public place: In the village market, the stalls are piled high with local vegetables. II. a small closed area within a farm building in which there is space for one animal to be kept. III. )in BRIT, usually use cubicle) a small area of a room that is separated from the main part of the room by walls or curtains: shower stall 隔间 There was one bathroom with a shower stall in the corner. the stalls I. rows of fixed seats in a church, often with the sides and backs connected: Members of the public were invited to sit in the choir stalls. II. (US the orchestra) the seats on the main floor of a theatre or cinema, not at a higher level: As he came onto the stage, a woman threw flowers from the stalls. set out your stall to show before you begin something what you intend to do or what you are able to do: She set out her stall firmly and precisely, and had very clear ideas what she wanted to do. The visiting team set out their stall from the opening minutes of the game. 5. at sb's behest/ at the behest of sb 在...命令下, 在...要求下 If something is done at someone's behest, it is done because they have ordered or requested it. because someone has asked or ordered you to do something: The budget proposal was adopted at the mayor's behest. Both posts were removed at the school's behest. The policy document was produced at the behest of the Prime Minister. Police will allege the cocaine seized at Londonderry was imported into Australia near Midge Point in North Queensland, and transported to Sydney at the behest of a Sydney organised crime group. 6. slop 泼洒 verb. to cause a liquid to flow over the edge of a container through not taking care or making a rough movement: Careful, you've just slopped coffee all over the carpet Water slopped out of the bucket as he carried it up the stairs. noun. I. slops (also slop) liquid or wet food waste, especially when it is fed to animals: We feed the slops to the pigs. II. food that is more liquid than it should be and is therefore unpleasant: Have you tried the slop that they call stew in the canteen? III. content on the internet that is of very low quality, especially when it is created by artificial intelligence: "Slop" is what you get when you put AI-generated material up on the internet for anyone to view. AI slop AI slop is slowly killing the internet! slop around (something) = slop about (something) to relax and do very little: Jeans are all right just for slopping around the house, but I don't wear them for work. slop out 倒马桶 When prisoners slop out, they empty the containers they use as toilets during the night in the rooms where they sleep. sloppy I. 湿哒哒的. very wet or liquid, often in a way that is unpleasant: The batter was a bit sloppy so I added some more flour. She covered his face with sloppy kisses. II. 泥泞的. (of ground, especially a track for racing) very wet and soft: In the show-jumping, accuracy was difficult on the rain-soaked, sloppy ground. Maybe it will rain and the track will be sloppy. III. disapproving not taking care or making an effort. If you describe someone's work or activities as sloppy, you mean they have been done in a careless and lazy way. He has little patience for sloppy work from colleagues. His language is disjointed and sloppy. They lost because they played sloppily. Miss Furniss could not abide sloppiness. Spelling mistakes always look sloppy in a formal letter. Another sloppy pass like that might lose them the whole game. IV. Sloppy clothes are large, loose, and do not look neat: At home I tend to wear big sloppy sweaters and jeans. V. informal disapproving expressing feelings of love in a way that is silly or embarrassing. If you describe someone or something as sloppy, you mean that they are sentimental and romantic. It's ideal for people who like a sloppy movie. ...some sloppy love-story. a sloppy love song. sloshy [ˈslɑʃi] adj. of or pertaining to slosh; slushy. That sloshes or splashes. slosh 晃荡, 拍打, 稀里哐当的 I. (of a liquid) to move around noisily in the bottom of a container, or to cause liquid to move around in this way by making rough movements: I could hear you sloshing around in the bath. We sloshed through the puddles. She sloshed (= poured without care) some more brandy into her glass. (of a liquid) to hit against the inside of a container, or to cause liquid to move around in this way: The water sloshed around the bridge. The label recommends sloshing the mouthwash around in the mouth for 30 seconds. The champagne sloshed and spilt. Water sloshed over the sides of the pool as the children jumped in. John sloshed juice on his jacket by pouring too fast. II. If you slosh through mud or water, you walk through it in an energetic way, so that the mud or water makes sounds as you walk. The two girls joined arms and sloshed through the mud together. slosh on(to) (someone or something) I. To spill or slop over the side of something and onto someone or something else. The boat was rocking so badly that water had started sloshing on us. You need to stop moving so quickly or the soup will end up sloshing onto the plate. II. To cause a liquid to spill or slop over the side of something and onto someone or something else. The waiter kept sloshing drinks onto the customers. slushy [ˈslʌʃ.i] 雪泥的 I. Slushy snow is partly melted. Slushy ground is covered in dirty, wet snow. Here and there a drift across the road was wet and slushy. II. If you describe a story or idea as slushy, you mean you dislike it because it is extremely romantic and sentimental. Slushy language is too emotional and romantic: a slushy romantic novel. slush 雪泥 noun. I. snow that is lying on the ground and has started to melt. The city's streets were covered with dirty, gray slush. II. mainly US a thick drink made from crushed ice and a sweet liquid: a cherry/cola slush. III. language or writing that is too emotional and romantic and does not have any real importance or meaning. note: A slushy (also spelled slushie and less commonly slushee) is a type of drink made of flavored ice and a drink, similar to granitas but with a more liquid composition. It is also commonly called a slush, slurpee, or frozen drink. A slushie can either be carbonated or non-carbonated; the carbonated version is sometimes called a frozen carbonated drink. 7. TBBT: Bernadette: Why are they staring? Amy: Who cares? Just soak it in 融入进去(to mentally absorb, fully appreciate, and experience your surroundings or situation. It is a figurative expression—like a sponge absorbing liquid—often used when enjoying an atmosphere, viewing a beautiful scene, or letting important news fully register in your mind.). Hello, boys. Stuart: Oh, hey. Could you please stop staring? They're just girls. It's nothing you haven't seen in movies or in drawings. Penny: Hey, Stuart. Stuart: What brings you guys here? Bernadette: We were looking for a recommendation about comic books. Stuart: Oh, well, I recommend you don't open a store and sell them. Penny: No, we were just wondering why the guys like this stuff so much, so we thought we'd give it a try. Stuart: Oh, okay. What do you think you might be into? Superhero, fantasy, graphic novels, manga… I swear I will turn a hose [həʊz] on you. Friends: Chandler: Nothing! This is the nine millionth ring store we've been too and I can't find the perfect ring! (Goes over to another display counter and starts pointing at rings.) Ugly ring! Ugly ring! Ugly ring! (Notices that one of the jewelers is watching him.) It's a beautiful selection. (The jeweler walks away slowly.) Phoebe: Okay, so maybe you don't get her a ring. Maybe you do something different. Y'know? Maybe you get her an engagement bracelet, y'know? Or an engagement tiara? Or—ooh! An engagement Revolutionary War musket! (Picks one up from the display in the corner. Chandler: Y'know, I'm so glad I picked you to help me with this. Phoebe: Huh? Can you just imagine getting down on one knee and handing her this gorgeous piece of weaponry? Chandler: Yeah, I'm gonna stick with the ring. (Goes to another display counter.) Oh, this one's nice! (Pointing to another ring.) I like this one! Sir? Uh, kind sir? Can I see this one? Phoebe: (coming over after returning the musket) Wait a minute, no, this is, this is the reason you brought me. Okay? I know how to haggle. So let me handle this from here on out. Male Jeweler: Can I help you? Chandler: Uh-uh, yes. I would like to see that ring please. Phoebe: Or not, whatever. Male Jeweler: This ring is from the 1920s, it's a one and a half carat diamond with sapphires on either side. Chandler: Sir, can I ask you to umm, could you…hold out that ring and ask me to marry you? Male Jeweler: Okay. (Holds out the ring, deadpan.) Will you marry me? Chandler: (choking up) Oh my God that's it, that's the ring! How much is it? Phoebe: Chandler, I will handle this! (To the jeweler) How much is it? Male Jeweler: 8,600. Phoebe: We will give you $10. Male Jeweler: (angrily) Are you interested in this ring?! Chandler: Yes! Yes, but I can only pay $8,000. Male Jeweler: Okay, I can let it go at eight. Phoebe: We stand firm at $10. Male Jeweler: (ignoring her) How would you like to pay? Chandler: Uh, credit card. (Reaches for it then realizes) Oh no! No-no, but I left my credit card with Joey. (To Phoebe) Okay, I'll go get it. You guard 守护着, 守着, 看好了 the ring. Phoebe: Okay. (To the jeweler) Listen, I'm sorry about before. Do you have anything here for $10. Male Jeweler: Uh yes, I have these two rather beautiful $5 bills. (Holds them up from his pocket.) Phoebe: I'll give you $1 for them. 8. belt and braces 冗余系统, 双保险, 万无一失 ( a belt and braces approach [British]) (belts and suspenders US) UK informal the use of two or more actions in order to be extra careful about something, although only one is really necessary. a situation in which you do something extra in order to make sure that something is safe or works properly He described airport security as a belt and braces approach, at huge cost to industry. I wrote to them and phoned as well - belt and braces, I admit. Redundant systems, affording mutual backup in the event of one failing. involving or employing multiple methods or procedures to achieve a desired result especially out of caution or fear of failure A small, personal estate-planning company accurately applied belt-and-suspenders thinking when it created an instructional service for insurance salesmen to teach them how to "push" its financial plans. He believes in a belt and suspenders, booking flights from two different airports on different airlines for important trips. 9. circulate I. to go around or through something, or to make something go around or through something. If a piece of writing circulates or is circulated, copies of it are passed round among a group of people. The document was previously circulated in New York at the United Nations. Public employees, teachers and liberals are circulating a petition for his recall. This year anonymous leaflets have been circulating in Beijing. ...an inquiry into the circulation of 'unacceptable literature'. circulate a letter/memo/proposal. Hot water circulates through the pipes. Hot water circulates through the heating system. I've circulated a good luck card for everyone to sign. If something such as a rumour circulates or is circulated, the people in a place tell it to each other. Rumours 流传, 四起, 传播 were already beginning to circulate that the project might have to be abandoned. I deeply resented those sort of rumours being circulated at a time of deeply personal grief. II. to move around at a party, etc., talking to different people. If you circulate at a party, you move among the guests and talk to different people. Let me get you something to drink, then I must circulate. I try to circulate at a party and not just stay with the friends I came with. III. biology Blood circulates 循环 inside the body by moving from the heart through the arteries and back to the heart through the veins. When something circulates, it moves easily and freely within a closed place or system. ...a virus which circulates via the bloodstream and causes ill health in a variety of organs. Cooking odours can circulate throughout the entire house. Use a fan to aid the circulation of air in the room. ...the principle of free circulation of goods. IV. to send something such as information, ideas, or documents from one person to another: Management will be circulating a supplementary report at the budget meeting. News of her retirement quickly circulated around the office. 10. disarming 让人不设防的, 让人放松警惕的 If someone or something is disarming, they make you feel less angry or hostile. Leonard approached with a disarming smile. When you meet him, he is disarming as he talks about himself. He is, as ever, business-like, and disarmingly honest. She looked at him directly and occasionally smiled disarmingly at him. exuberance [ɪɡˈzjubərəns] I. the quality of feeling energetic, or the behaviour of someone who feels this way. Exuberance is behaviour which is energetic, excited, and cheerful. Her burst of exuberance and her brightness overwhelmed me. He maintained a youthful exuberance 精力充沛, 精力旺盛, 旺盛精力. One thing that stands out is her exuberance and zest for life. If you talk about the exuberance of something, you like it because it is lively, exciting, and full of energy and life. The sheer exuberance of the sculpture was exhilarating. "He had 'irrational exuberance' for baseball, the Washington Commanders, tennis, golf, and music, especially jazz. He will be remembered for his brilliance and his kindness. Being his life partner was the joy of my life." Investors hung on his sometimes inscrutable observations. In the most well-known such remark, Greenspan sent financial markets reeling on December 5, 1996, when he suggested with just two words — "irrational exuberance" — that stock prices were too high. II. the fact that plants are strong and growing quickly: They marvelled at the exuberance 郁郁葱葱, 茂盛, 旺盛成长 of the rainforest. The flowering plant beds change from neatness to riotous multi-coloured exuberance. exuberant I. (especially of people and their behaviour) very energetic. (esp. of people and their behavior) very energetic, and showing the happiness of being alive: He is an exuberant dancer. Young and exuberant, he symbolizes Italy's new vitality. II. (of plants) strong and growing quickly. 11. a fishing expedition [ˌɛkspɪˈdɪʃn] (通常指秘密地)收罗信息, 资料 (用于调查揭示真相) mainly US an attempt to discover the facts about something by collecting a lot of information, often secretly. If someone goes on a fishing expedition, they attempt to find evidence that someone has done something illegal or interesting, but without saying that this is the purpose of their search: The investigators' request for the company's accounts is simply a fishing expedition - they have no real evidence of wrongdoing. This was so obviously a fishing expedition from the start to see if there was anything the police could charge me with. on a fishing expedition The opposition accused the government of going on a political fishing expedition. It was clear she was on a fishing expedition, asking about strange and unusual entries.
TV Series - Bergerac: Rachini says Julien was there three weeks ago and he didn't have a good night. On Tuesday night, Julien called and asked if she could raise him a stake 贷款给他. The call occurred at 8:22 p.m. and lasted seven minutes. Rachini told him they had reached the end of their friendship. As they leave, Jim says she just drove a bus through 戳破 Arthur's alibi. When was Julien last here? Three weeks ago. Let's just say he did not have a good night. OK, was that when you told him you were calling in his debt 收账, 收款, 要求还款? No. That was Tuesday night. He called, asked if I could raise him a stake. Said he'd got a sure tip on the horses and if it came in ( 后边有解释. if the tip came in, my horse comes in, the bet came in (paid off, came through)), he could clear his debts. So he called you? When was this? Here we go. 8.22pm, seven-minute call. Is that a landline number? Old school. We're gonna need that. If I'm not under caution, I don't need to give you anything. But I'll tell you what. I'll take a screenshot and send it over. Did you give him the stake? He already owed me 250. Even I have my limits. So you threatened him? I said we'd reached the end of our friendship. How he chose to interpret that is up to him. can drive a truck through something = could drive a truck through (something) 漏得像筛子( memory/mind like a sieve If you have a memory or mind like a sieve, you forget things very easily. Milwaukee Bucks' Defense Is Leaking Like A Sieve: 足球: Gutless. Lose a goal and they give up. Defence is like a sieve. No tracking back, anticipation nil. Do these players want to play for Hibs or just the money? tracking back 回防: In soccer, tracking back means when an attacking or midfield player sprints or runs back toward their own goal to help defend after their team loses possession. ) Could easily show or exploit the flaws in something. If you can drive a truck through something such as an agreement, contract or argument, it has serious weaknesses or faults. Oh please, I could drive a truck through that lawyer's incoherent argument, and I plan to do just that in court tomorrow. I really thought we had a sound take on the issue. But apparently the other debate team could drive a truck through it—and boy did they. Are you seriously trying to justify plagiarizing that paper? Well, I could drive a truck right through that argument—where should I start? In my view, Miller's fiscal plan is so thin you could drive a truck through it. Note: You can also say that something has weaknesses big enough to drive a truck through. Clearly, there were loopholes in the system big enough to drive a truck through. stake noun. I. a share in something, esp. a financial share in a business, or an emotional investment in something. a share or a financial involvement in something such as a business: He holds a 20% stake in the company. Parents have a large stake in their children's education. hold a stake in/of He holds (= owns) a 40 percent stake in/of the company. have a stake in something If you have a stake in something, it is important to you because you have a personal interest or involvement in it: Employers have a stake in the training of their staff. a 15%/3%/10%, etc. stake His 22% stake makes him the retailer's biggest shareholder. have/hold/own a stake (in sth) The Chief Executive has a controlling stake in the company worth €58m. acquire/buy/sell a stake (in sth). increase/raise/reduce a stake (in sth). II. the amount of money that you risk on the result of something such as a game or competition. In an activity or competition, the stakes are the costs or risks involved in competing: The City continued to play for high stakes in shares of the airline. Given the high stakes for both hardware makers and software suppliers, neither side is likely to give up easily. Global competition has raised the stakes of doing business. high-stakes She spent two weeks in Las Vegas playing high-stakes blackjack at the casinos. the stakes [plural] In an activity or competition, the stakes are the reward for the person who wins or succeeds in it: The team is playing for enormous stakes - the chance to play in the final. the Stakes used in the names of horse races in which the prize money is provided by all the owners of the horses that are competing in the race: The Twixt Stakes is held at Laurel Park Racecourse. the beauty, popularity, etc. stakes UK a situation where someone is judged on how much of a particular quality they have: in the beauty, popularity, etc. stakes 颜值不高, 不受欢迎, 欢迎度不高 The prime minister is not very high in the popularity stakes (= he is not very popular) at the moment. III. a strong stick or metal bar with a pointed end: Stakes in the ground marked the outline of the new building. The stakes are pushed or hammered into the ground and can be used for supporting a plant or forming part of a fence. the stake 木桩, 木柱 in the past, a wooden post to which people were tied before being burned to death as a punishment: burned at the stake 耻辱柱 In medieval Europe, people accused of heresy were often burned at the stake. verb. I. to risk an amount of money: stake something on something 赌上 At the roulette table, he staked $10,000 on number 21. II. to hold up and support something by fastening it to stakes: Tomato plants should be staked 爬架子, 搭架子 (luffa trellis 丝瓜架) soon after they are planted. (A tomato trellis is a support structure designed to keep plants growing vertically. This practice improves airflow, prevents pests, and increases fruit yields. Popular methods include the Florida Weave, Single-Stem String Trellising, and traditional Tomato Cages or Stakes.). III. to risk harming or losing something important: He has talent and ambition, and I'd stake my reputation on his success. at stake if something like money, a job, or someone's reputation is at stake, it is in danger of being lost because of a particular situation: The company's reputation is at stake and they need to act quickly and decisively. Up to 300 jobs are thought to be at stake at head office. stake a/your claim to state that you have a right to something and that it should belong to you: Foreign companies across a range of sectors seek to stake a claim in China's fast-growing economy. stake a claim to/for/on sth to announce that something belongs to you: Stacy staked her claim to her uncle's fortune. Various countries are trying to stake their claims to the oil under the polar ice cap. stake something out 监视 I. to watch a place continuously in order to catch criminals or to see a famous person. to secretly watch a place, esp. for illegal activity: A group of reporters staked out the hallway, hoping to catch the singer on her way out. The police staked out the hotel where the two terrorists were reported to be staying. II. to establish or make clear your opinion or position on something: Two of the president's chief advisers have staked out opposite positions 表明立场 on this issue. New software companies are going to find it hard staking out a position 占据一席之地 in an already crowded market. III. to claim ownership of or a particular interest in something: All politicians will stake out lowering taxes as their very own idea. stake somewhere/something out 占据, 占地方 to mark the limits of an area or a piece of land with wooden sticks in order to claim that you own it. to show clearly that you claim the right to own, control, or use a particular area, for example by putting personal things there: Each gang in the city has staked out its territory and defends it from other gangs. They arrived early for the concert and staked out a place 占地盘, 占地方 at the front of the queue. stake someone to something 提供, 供应 to provide someone with a particular thing or with what is needed to get it: The governor has promised to stake the city's homeless to what they need for a fresh start. go to the stake for something 冒风险, 冒险, 以身涉险 to defend an action, opinion, or belief despite the risks that are involved: She was prepared to go to the stake for her views. pull up stakes 搬家, 拔寨 US informal (UK up sticks) to take all the things that you own and go and live in a different place: This is the fourth time in five years that we've had to pull up stakes. stake something on something 赌上... to risk harming or losing something important if an action, decision, or situation does not have the result you want or expect: I think she'll be head of this company in five year's time - I'd stake my reputation on it. equity stake the part of a company that a person or organization owns, represented by the number of shares they have: Investors provide capital in exchange for equity stakes. take/acquire/have an equity stake (in sth) The investment bank intends to take an equity stake in the firm as part of its involvement with the takeover. a small/large/significant equity stake. raise/up the stakes I. 增加赌注. 增加筹码. to increase the amount of money or valuables hazarded in a gambling game. to increase the prize or reward in a competition or any activity in which you are competing: The fight promoters have decided to raise the stakes in order to attract better competitors. The stakes were raised this year, meaning that poker players were competing for almost $5 million in prize money. She refused to pay unless the tournament organizers upped the stakes for women. Another couple upped the stakes by offering over £3.5m for the property. A shortage of housing has raised the stakes for estate agents. II. to make a situation more urgent or more difficult to ignore. to increase the costs, risks, or considerations involved in taking an action or reaching a conclusion. the Libyan allegations raised the stakes in the propaganda war between Libya and the United States. The stowaways are trying to raise the stakes by refusing to eat until they are given money and aid. The president has upped the stakes by sending troops to the border. This legal decision could raise the stakes for all similar employment cases. Stiffer sentences have raised the stakes for drug traffickers. The supermarket's special offers have upped the stakes in this retail war. stowaway 逃票者, 偷渡者: A person who hides on a vehicle to get a free ride is a stowaway. If your cat sneaks into the back seat of your car and travels to school with you, she's a stowaway too! The verb phrase stow away came first, meaning "conceal," from stow, or "stash." By the 1840s, stowaway was being used as a noun to mean "clandestine traveler." Anyone who sneaks onto a boat, plane, or train and hides out during the trip, stowing themselves someplace secluded, can be described as a stowaway. raise I. to increase the amount, level, or quality of something: The Bank of England was expected to raise the cost of borrowing after higher than expected inflation figures. raise salaries/prices/taxes 提价, 涨工资, 涨税 There is increasing pressure on exporters to raise prices in foreign markets. raise awareness/standards/quality 提高意识, 提高标准, 提高品质 The new government is pledging to raise standards in education. II. 提出问题. 融资. 筹集资金. to cause to exist: Her answers raised doubts/fears/suspicions in my mind. This discussion has raised many important issues/problems. The announcement raised a cheer/laugh 引起欢呼, 引起哄堂大笑. I want to raise (= talk about) two problems/questions with you. I want to start my own business if I can raise (= obtain) the money/cash/capital/funds. raise concerns/doubts/fears to mention something that you are worried or not sure about so that it can be examined and dealt with: The company announced a package of reforms to address concerns raised by shareholders. raise issues/objections/questions 提出反对, 提出疑问, 提出质疑. formal The chapel was raised (= built) as a memorial to her son. to manage to get money to invest in a business, project, property, etc.: raise capital/funds/money We will raise funds for reconstruction by disposing of assets. The share issue in the coffee company aims to raise €5m from investors eager to invest in ethical concerns. raise a loan/mortgage/stake 获得贷款, 筹集到资金 means to obtain or secure a loan — i.e. to successfully borrow money. "The company raised a loan to fund the new equipment." "He raised a loan against the property.". II. 养育, 养大. to take care of a person, or an animal or plant, until they are completely grown: Her parents died when she was a baby and she was raised by her grandparents. The lambs had to be raised by hand (= fed milk by people) when their mother died. The farmer raises (= breeds) chickens and pigs. The soil around here isn't good enough for raising (= growing) crops 种植庄稼. III. If you raise another player in a game of cards, you risk more money than that player has risked: I'll raise you. I'll raise you $50. IV. to end or stop: They agreed to raise/lift the trade embargo if three conditions were met. After three weeks the siege was raised. V. to communicate with someone, especially by phone or radio: I've been trying to raise Jack/Tokyo all day. VI. to prepare an invoice (US: "issue an invoice" or "send an invoice". "making out an invoice" is natural and correct too — it means to write up or prepare an invoice. "Can you make out an invoice for this order?" "I'll make out an invoice and send it over." It's the same construction as: "make out a cheque" — write a cheque. "make out a receipt" — write up a receipt. "raise a purchase order", "raise a credit note". In fact "raise" is commonly used across all business/financial documents in Commonwealth English. It carries the sense of formally creating or initiating a document in a business context. "Raise a cheque" is particularly common in corporate/accounting settings — e.g. an accounts department would say "I'll raise a cheque for that payment" rather than "write a cheque", which sounds more personal/informal. ): The exporter raises an invoice 开发票 in the usual way on the overseas buyer. "I'll raise an invoice for that work today." "Please raise an invoice for the full amount." VII. to make or arrange a phone call, especially to discuss technical help, business, etc.: If you have a technical fault, you can raise a call using the in-house system. call in I. 催款, 要求还款, 催账, 催收账, 收款. 收账. 收贷 to call for payment; collect. call in a loan/debt to officially tell someone to pay back money you lent them The bank can call in the loan at any time. The family struggled because her father was unwilling to call in the debts owed to him. II. to call upon for consultation; ask for help. Management called in an independent engineering firm to determine the cause behind the roof collapse. III. to inform, report, or request by telephone. The electric company will reward customers with a credit if they call in their own meter readings. Your doctor can call in the prescription to your local pharmacy. IV. to participate in a meeting or a radio or television program by telephone. The listeners who call in to my talk show about science ask the most intriguing questions. V. to visit. We were instructed to call in to the office later to pay and complete the formal paperwork. call in on sb to visit a person or place while you are on your way to somewhere else Could you call in on Mum on your way home? VI. to withdraw from circulation. The country's leader issued a proclamation calling in 召回(recall) all gold coins and gold certificates. VII. to telephone somewhere, especially the place where you work, to tell them where you are, what you are doing etc Rachael called in sick (=telephoned to say she was too ill to come to work). come in I. to enter a room or building: Do you want to come in for a cup of tea? Hi, come in - great to see you! II. (of a bus, train, plane, etc.) to arrive at a particular place: Hasn't his train come in yet? Our flights came in within an hour of each other (Our flights landed back to back). "The train came in 进站 late (got in late, pulled in late)." "What time does your flight come in?" "The ship came in early this morning." III. (of a product) to become available: We are waiting for new stock to come in 到货. He has the book on order and expects it to come in 到货 next week. IV. (of a law, rule, or system) to be introduced and start to be used: Many thousands of people have given up smoking since this legislation came in 生效. It will be several months before the new rules come in. V. 变流行. to become fashionable or popular. When a new idea, fashion, or product comes in, it becomes popular or available. It was just when geography was really beginning to change and lots of new ideas were coming in. I wouldn't be sorry to see proportional representation come in. Flared trousers 喇叭裤 first came in during the 1970s. As with so many other fashions, the trend for dressing down at work seems to be going out almost before it has come in. VI. When news or information comes in, it is received: Reports are just coming in 信息/消息/新闻/报道开始进来 of a major accident on the motorway. VII. If you have money coming in, you receive it as income: With Dave unemployed, we don't have much money coming in at the moment. If more funding comes in, we may be able to restore some of our services. VIII. to become involved in a situation, story, or plan: We need expert advice, and that's where you come in 出场. His character doesn't come in until about halfway through the film. to become involved in a situation, plan, or discussion. If you ask where something or someone comes in, you are asking what their role is in a particular matter. Rose asked again, 'But where do we come in, Henry?' Finally, he could do no more, which is where Jacques came in. come in on sth 参与进来, 加入 If someone comes in on a discussion, arrangement, or task, they join it. Can I come in here too, on both points? He had a designer come in and redesign the uniforms. Can I come in on that issue? IX. to begin playing or singing as part of a piece of music, either for the first time or after a pause: My favourite part of the song is that moment when the horns come in. The soloist has a long wait before coming in again. The DJ has to cue up the second piece of music so it comes in on the first beat of a bar. X. When the sea or the tide comes in 涨潮, the water moves forwards to cover more of the beach. (of the ocean tide) to be rising to a higher level: By the time we got to the beach the tide had come in. come in first, second, etc. to finish a race in first, second, etc. position: Burns came in second in the 100 metres. XI. to prove to be. it came in useful. come in handy If something comes in handy, it is useful in a particular situation. That key will come in handy if you lock yourself out. The $20 check came in very handy. come in useful If an object or skill comes in useful, it can help you achieve something in a particular situation. come in from the cold = come in out of the cold I. (espionage) Of a spy: to return home after having gone undercover in enemy territory. II. (figurative) To gain widespread acceptance in a group or society, especially where there was not any before. Long an outsider in Western politics, Portugal came in from the cold after the 1974 Carnation Revolution. Return to shelter and safety, be welcomed into a group. Bill was fed up with traveling on his own for the company and hoped they'd let him come in from the cold. After years of not being invited to join, Steve was finally asked to come in out of the cold.
Former US Federal Reserve chair Alan Greenspan dies aged 100: Alan Greenspan, the jazz-playing US Federal Reserve chair, who was celebrated for engineering 主导, 策动 a decade of prosperity but later shared the blame for a devastating financial crisis, has died aged 100. "Under his leadership, the Federal Reserve achieved a sustained era of price stability that supported economic growth and helped anchor the public's confidence in the institution," the central bank said in a statement on Monday, local time. Greenspan presided over a breathtaking surge in stock prices and a 10-year economic boom that started in March 1991 in his 18 and a half years at the Fed. He was celebrated as "Maestro'' and "Oracle'', an economic virtuoso whose every utterance was dissected 每一句话都被剖析 for clues on where interest rates and the economy were headed. But his reputation began to suffer almost as soon as he left the Fed in 2006. American housing prices tumbled rapidly, causing huge losses for banks that had repackaged mortgage loans into a dizzying array of complex securities. For almost two decades, it seemed that Greenspan could do no wrong. Not only in the United States but across the world, he was regarded with a mixture of reverence and awe. Many openly dreaded the day when he would leave the Fed. During the 1950s, he became a disciple of the libertarian philosopher Ayn Rand, who stuck him with the nickname the "Undertaker" ( stick someone with something 只剩下, 强塞, 硬塞 US informal to force someone to have or do something that is not very good. to burden someone with something. Please don't stick me with the stick shift again. Big power companies grab cheap supplies and stick everyone else with more expensive ones. be stuck with something/somebody to be made to accept something, do something, spend time with someone etc, when you do not want to Bill left and I was stuck with the bill. stick with something/somebody I. to continue doing something the way you did or planned to do before Let's stick with the original plans. II. to stay close to someone You just stick with me. I'll explain everything as we go along. III. to continue doing something, especially something difficult If you stick with it, your playing will gradually get better. IV. to remain in someone's memory Those words will stick with me for the rest of my life. ) for his dark clothes and quiet bearing (When used to describe a person, "quiet bearing" refers to their calm, composed, and unassuming outward demeanor. It describes how they carry themselves through the world—typically characterized by grace, inner strength, and a lack of loud, attention-seeking behavior.). On October 19, 1987, which came to be known as "Black Monday", the stock market suffered the worst one-day percentage loss in American history just two months into his term. The Dow Jones Industrial Average plunged 22.6 per cent for reasons that remain opaque to this day. Greenspan was credited with helping restore stability. He assured Wall Street that the Fed would supply as much money to the financial system as was needed to restore calm. Stocks recovered, and the American economy emerged unscathed 毫发无损的, 毫发无伤的 by the market crash. During his tenure at the Fed, Greenspan drew praise 赢得赞誉 for presiding over what was at the time the longest economic expansion in American history. (It was later surpassed by a 128-month expansion that ran from June 2009 through February 2020.) During Greenspan's tenure at the Fed, the nation's unemployment rate briefly dropped below 4 per cent for the first time since 1970. And inflation, which had bedevilled 饱受困扰, 摆脱不掉, 纠缠, 缠绕(to confuse, annoy, or cause problems or difficulties for someone or something. If you are bedevilled by something unpleasant, it causes you a lot of problems over a period of time. His career was bedevilled by injury. The development has been bedevilled with problems. ...a problem that has bedevilled service industries for decades. Ever since I started playing tennis, I've been bedevilled by back pains.) the United States and much of the global economy during the 1970s, was remarkably dormant during Greenspan's chairmanship, something many economists thought impossible for so long a period. As Fed chair, Greenspan relished poring over obscure economic data, from monthly boxcar loadings (A boxcar 货列车厢, 货车车厢 is the North American (AAR) and South Australian Railways term for a railroad car that is enclosed and generally used to carry freight. The boxcar, while not the simplest freight car design, is considered one of the most versatile since it can carry most loads. Boxcars have side sliding doors of varying size and operation, and some include end doors and adjustable bulkheads to load very large items. Similar covered freight cars outside North America are covered goods wagons and, depending on the region, are called goods van 运货车厢 (UK and Australia), covered wagon (UIC and UK) or simply van (UIC, UK and Australia) Boxcar loading involves the strategic placement and securing of freight into enclosed railway cars to prevent shifting, damage, or pilferage during transit. It relies heavily on proper weight distribution, blocking, and bracing techniques. 集装箱: Container, Shipping container, Freight container, Intermodal container. 干货集装箱: Dry container. 冷藏集装箱: Reefer container / Refrigerated container. 开顶集装箱: Open-top container . 框架集装箱: Flat rack container. ) to steel production, all in a bid to assess where the economy was going. He would often phone economists at other government agencies to discuss details. He would rise early 起床很早 each morning for a two-hour soak in his bathtub, a time that he used to review statistics and Fed staff memos.
