用法学习: 1. Ex Bachelorette star Jef Holm and Arie: One moment everything was fine刚刚还好的, and then they started yelling at each other. Arie was clearly pissed at Jef about something, and it got ugly fast. I think it's over between them. Wetpaint also revealed that Jef and Arie no longer follow each other on Twitter or Instagram. This is a definite sign that the friendship is over between them. Jef still follows Emily Maynard, and the two of them aren't even on speaking terms since their split. It isn't clear what set the fight off引发了吵架, but it had to be huge. 2. A fanlight 气窗 is a window, semicircular or semi-elliptical in shape, with glazing bars or tracery sets radiating out like an open fan. It is placed over another window or a doorway, and is sometimes hinged to a transom. The bars in the fixed glazed window spread out in the manner a sunburst. It is also called a "sunburst light". Pull the pin If you pull the pin, you put an end to something, quit or resign. 3. off one's rocker(US)/nut(UK)/trolley/chops/chump(UK Slang) Fig. crazy; silly. Sometimes, Bob, I think you're off your rocker. Good grief, John. You're off your nut. off your chops 疯了. 你疯啦
Used when someone is being silly or intoxicated. For instance, if
someone said something that was crazy or just plain stupid you would
reply with "You're off your chops!". Australian slang for someone under
the influence of chemical substances. Then again, this word is mostly
used when someone is pissed and are acting like a complete fool. "Look at Mitch he's off chops!". "You're off your chops mate!". "James is off his chops." NO: I think you should ask out that chick. TW: You're Off your chops. JR: Look Terry's trying to jump off that roof. NO: Man, he's Off his chops. BK: Man what has Sunshine had to drink? NO: I dunno, but he's off his chops. bust someone's chops Slang. to annoy with nagging or criticism: Stop busting my chops—I'll get the job done. lick one's chops to await with pleasure; anticipate; relish: He was already licking his chops over the expected inheritance. off the chart[s] 爆表, 破表了, 超出正常范围 If something goes off the chart, it far exceeds the normal standards, good or bad, for something. Outside of the normal range of measurement; beyond expectations. Advance sales quickly went off the charts. Basketball's TV income is already off the charts. Groncki's newest restaurant is totally off the charts. through the roof 爆棚 (idiomatic) Rapidly increasing. Suddenly very high or excessive. Fuel prices are through the roof this Winter. Fuel prices have gone through the roof since last Fall. 4. Kyle Sandilands Turns Down Role on Modern Family: Speaking on The Kyle and Jackie O Show this morning, the Kiis FM host said being asked was "very, very flattering" but he added, "at the end of the day, I'm just too lazy to do that sort of stuff". "I'm not allowed to explain anything to do with the script有关的 or anything to do with the storyline - I wouldn't do that to them - but pretty much I just thought this is multiple days of filming and I just couldn't be arsed("I can't be arsed" means (IIUC) "I can't be bothered". To make an effort to do something, you have to "get off your arse"! Hence "can't be arsed" means don't feel it worthwhile to make the effort of standing up and doing something. It is also heard in Britain. Some contributors can't be arsed with their spelling. see "aresed". "Don't go makin' a half arsed job of it". ) so I just never bothered to show up." A horrified Jackie O exclaimed "What did you do", and questioned why he would turn down the opportunity to appear on one of TV's biggest shows, but Sandilands maintained it had no appeal. "If it was Brad Pitt and Angelina ringing me up I probably wouldn't have gone as well," he says. 相关词汇: Let's back up a little bit 往回说, please. means "Lets talk about something, what happened before?". Let's back up a little bit = let's resume the conversation by starting at an earlier point in the story/discussion/argument. Okay, lets back up a little bit...Soon
after my graduation, in July of 2003, David and I bought a house. It is
actually located in walking distance from my parents! It's really not
as bad as everything thinks. Most people think we are crazy for living
that close... but there are benefits you know...like, "what's for
dinner?" and "mom, can you babysit the kids?", etc. Just kidding! We
really do enjoy our location. We are at the end of a road in a
cal-de-sac with nothing but woods behind us. It's very private and
quiet. To top it off we have good neighbors as well! fight someone or something hammer and tongs (tooth and nail) and go at it hammer and tongs( tooth and nail);
Fig. to fight against someone or something energetically and with great
determination. to use a lot of effort to oppose someone or achieve
something. We fought tooth and nail to keep our share of the business. They vowed to fight the new legislation tooth and nail. They fought against the robber tooth and nail. The dogs were fighting each other hammer and tongs. hammer and tongs adv. With tremendous energy or effort; vigorously. with great energy, determination, or vehemence; wholeheartedly. worked hammer and tongs to meet the deadline. be/go at it hammer and tongs informal to do something, especially to argue, with a lot of energy or violence. 5. horrid (ˈhorɪd) adj I. disagreeable; unpleasant. extremely unpleasant or disagreeable; nasty. a horrid meal. What a horrid smell! the teachers at school were horrid a horrid brown colour. II. repulsive or frightening. such as to cause horror; shockingly dreadful; abominable. causing horror: I must have been a horrid little girl. a horrid nightmare. push/press on (to something) I. to move on to another topic; to stop doing one thing and move on to another. Okay. Let's push on to the next topic. Let us push on. We are nearly finished with the list. II. to travel onward to something or some place. to continue to go forward. Although we needed to stop and rest, we decided to press on in order to reach the river by evening. We left Denver and pushed on to Omaha. Let us push on. We are nearly there. push on (with something) to continue to try to make progress with something. Let's push on with this project. We must finish it soon. Yes, let's push on and finish. push on someone or something to put pressure on someone or something. Don't push on me! I can't move any faster than the person in front of me! Push on this button if you want the steward to come. Push on the door a little. It will open. 6. Miley can do no wrong in your eyes 做什么都是对的. banger I. In Australia the terms Banger or G-Banger are interchangeable with G-string. II. A sausage, usually pork and of a lower quality, with a tendency to split open with a "bang" during frying. nasal hair鼻毛. the plot thickens (idiomatic) Used, often with humorous intent, to describe an increasingly complex or mysterious situation. said when a situation suddenly becomes more complicated or mysterious. Things are becoming more complicated or interesting. The police assumed that the woman was murdered by her ex-husband, but he has an alibi. The plot thickens. John is supposed to be going out with Mary, but I saw him last night with Sally. The plot thickens. "Now there are two men phoning her up all the time." "The plot thickens!". 7. A source has revealed that Taylor, who was dating the Hollywood actor four years ago, was heartbroken when she lost her virginity to Jake for him only to bail on her 21st birthday(bail [out] on I. to leave (a relationship) or abandon. You're not going to bail on me, are you? Are you bailing out on me? II. to fail to meet up with someone. III. to not follow through on previous plans. You and and I are trying to be friends, so that means you are officially back in business with all other ladies starting right now. We are planting your flag at iwo jima tonight, my friend. It's so hard to meet women. Well, you 2 crybaby bitches may have decided to bail on tonight, but I am not giving up, all right? In AE, it is a contracted form of 'bailed out on' and has come to mean "my friend didn't show up for me again" or "my friend left me in the lurch again". The sense is that the friend was expected to do something or show up somewhere, and did not. It means that someone abandons you at the last minute, just when you need them or expect them. For example, you are to meet a friend for a date at a restaurant, but your friend doesn't come and doesn't call. He bailed on you. You and a friend are going to do a presentation together for school. At the last minute your friend calls to say she can't do it because of another commitment. Your friend bailed on you. bail out (of something) to stop doing something or being involved in something. to abandon a
situation; to get out of something. John got tired of school, so he just
bailed out. Please stay, Bill. You've been with us too long to bail out
now. Bad working conditions have caused many nurses to bail out of the profession. The TV show triggered a number of protests, and some of the sponsors bailed out. Etymology: based on the literal meaning of bail out (to jump out of an aircraft with a parachute). bail somebody out to help someone out of a difficult situation by providing money. When the airlines began to fail, they asked the government to bail them out. Etymology: based on the literal meaning of bail out (to use a container to remove water from a boat. )). Jake, who was almost 30 at the time, then promised to come to her birthday bash in Tennessee but failed to show up. Erm, douche. "The day before前一天 — all was set一切都安排好了 — he was coming, no issues一点问题没有. But the day of当天, she doesn't hear from him at all. No texts, no calls," the insider revealed. What's more sad face is that( sad face 臭脸 the frowning emoticon. Something bad went your way. a verbal expression of disappointment. An adjective used to express sadness, annoyance, dissapiontment or mild anger. Sadface as well as Angryface, Happyface etc. can be/is used to replace an emoticon. Billy said, "sad face" as he lost the game. You're not coming to the movies with us? Sadface! ) the world now knows about Taylor's first time! It's ok Tay! You've got killer locks these days... check out the pop star's "revenge" hair below...
关于harmonize 合声和afternoon delight: 1. harmonize ('hɑ:məˌnaiz) or harmonise 合音, 合声 vb. I. to make or become harmonious. to bring into harmony or accord: to harmonize one's views with the facts. II. (Music, other) (tr) to provide a harmony for (a melody, tune, etc). Harmonizing is not a hobby. You are harmonize to my vocals. I'll go high, wherever you are I'll go higher. Harmonization, in music, the implementation of harmony, usually by using chords, including harmonized scales. 2. "Afternoon Delight" is a song recorded by Starland Vocal Band, featuring close harmony and sexually suggestive wordplay.
The song also reached number-one in Canada and peaked at number 5 in
New Zealand .In Australia it was a number 6 Hit Nationally, Adelaide
Radio station 5KA was first to pick up the single and give it airplay making it number 1 in South Australia, this led it to become a major hit in Australia. Danoff enjoyed writing the song and downplayed the somewhat controversial lyrics, saying, "I didn't want to write an all-out sex song ... I just wanted to write something that was fun and hinted at sex. 3. Afternoon delight movie plot: The 2013 film is about the sexual awakening of a woman in a sexless marriage. Rachel (Hahn) is a quick-witted and lovable stay-at-home mom家庭妇女, 全职主妇. Frustrated with the realities of preschool auctions, a lackluster 乏善可陈的, 没有亮点的, 没有亮色的, 黯淡无光的, 暗淡无光的 sex life and career that's gone kaput, Rachel visits a strip club to spice up her marriage and meets McKenna (Temple), a stripper she adopts as her live-in nanny. 4. kaput (kæˈput) Incapacitated or destroyed. ruined, broken, or not functioning. unable to operate or continue; broken: The TV went kaput. His film career was kaput. My computer went kaput and I lost my term paper. be dead in the water = dead on arrival 注定是会失败的
(Originally nautical.) stalled; immobile. if something is dead in the
water, it has failed, and it seems impossible that it will be successful
in the future. So how does a government revive an economy that is dead in the water? As soon as Mum finds out that you'll be away overnight, your plan's going to be dead in the water. This whole company is dead in the water. The project is out of funds and dead in the water for the time being. dead on arrival without any chance for success. Five
years ago the industry appeared dead on arrival. The idea of legalizing
some drugs is a concept that's dead on arrival in many law enforcement
circles. Usage notes: often used in referring to something that must be voted on: Healthcare reform was dead on arrival. Etymology: based on the literal meaning of dead on arrival (not alive when brought to a hospital). (a) gone goose 跑掉了, 找不到了, 跑的无影无踪了 someone or something that has departed or run away. Surely,
the burglar is a gone goose by now. The child was a gone goose, and we
did not know where to look for him. "we are gone geese". 5. Adobe的征程: It's no secret: Adobe wants to see Flash everywhere. With a set of new tools launched this week, the company continues to make an aggressive push in that direction — though it may have a tough time convincing developers to buy into its vision of a Flash utopia(乌托邦 [ju：'təupiə] utopia dream). Some Mobile Programmers skeptical about Adobe’s Flash utopia. Fabb says. "I know some companies have outsourced a lot of their mobile development," he says, as a result of needing external talent to handle code with which in-house developers may not be as familiar. But such tools come with their own set of一系列的 problems. Some critics say using tools like these result in decreased performance(while reduced cost), compatibility problems and generally mediocre software. So, as convenient as the idea of "write once, run anywhere" sounds, it’s just not that simple. Poor performance is the most often-cited problem with cross-platform development tools. When you create an application using code that’s not native(指通过runtime) to the device you're targeting, the authoring software you're using sometimes needs to tack on (tack something on to add something that is extra or does not belong When
we got the bill there was an extra 18% tacked on as a service charge.
You should ask that question at the meeting and not tack it on to an
e-mail. ) an additional layer of code called a runtime. The runtime enables the device to interact with your non-native code, but a common side-effect is a more sluggish app. "Generally, the additional runtime is a performance hit , and it's another layer to worry about," says Mike Novak. "I prefer native environments for the lack of a middle man( 中间人 the middle ground something that two people or groups that are arguing can agree about The lawyer will then attempt to find the middle ground between the two parties. )." The company trumpets鼓吹 the fact that
its software helps developers get their creations into multiple app
marketplaces more quickly. There's also an entirely different snag ( hit a snag to run into an unexpected problem. to experience a difficulty We've hit a snag with the building project. I stopped working on the roof when I hit a snag.) that's tied to ( tie someone to something 联系到一起 Fig. to associate someone with something; to make a connection between someone and something. The
police are trying to tie Lefty to the burglary. They'll never tie me to
that bunch of crooks! Police found bloody clothes in Duggan's closet,
and that's how they tied him to the killings. Melanie wished she weren't
tied to home and could travel a little. tied to one's mother's apron strings
Fig. dominated by one's mother; dependent on one's mother. If someone,
usually a man, is tied to their mother's apron strings, they still need
their mother and cannot think or act independently. Isn't he a little old to be tied to his mother's apron strings? ) device compatibility: Each class of devices has its own app store. Another issue: Adobe may not be able to keep up with continuous feature updates from the different mobile platforms. That's a non-issue不成问题的问题 for native coders. "If you go right to the source you'll always have the option to be cutting edge,"
says Mike Novak. "It doesn't matter how good the technology is," he
says. "If it doesn't support some of these important features, it's dead
in the water."
c#线程学习: 1. run/fall afoul of somebody/something 违反规定, 违规, 违纪, 违令 (slightly formal) to act in a way not allowed by rules or the law. Rodman ran afoul of the team's rules and was kept out of the next game. He ran afoul of his supervisor违背, who complained to the mayor about his work. Another use for multithreading is in writing methods that perform intensive calculations. Such methods can execute faster on a multiprocessor or multicore computer if the workload is shared among two or more threads. Asynchronous delegates are particularly well suited to this尤其是适合. Some features of the .NET Framework implicitly create threads. If you use ASP.NET, WCF, Web Services, or Remoting, incoming client requests can arrive concurrently on the server. You may be unaware that multithreading is taking place; unless, perhaps, you use static fields to cache data without appropriate locking, running afoul of thread safety. 2. Threads also come with strings attached. The biggest is that multithreading can increase complexity. Having lots of threads does not in itself create complexity; it's the interaction between threads (typically via shared data) that does. This applies whether or not the interaction is intentional, and can cause long development cycles and an ongoing susceptibility to intermittent 偶然的, 不时的 and nonreproducible bugs. For this reason, it pays to keep interaction to a minimum, and to stick to simple and proven designs wherever possible. Threading also comes with a resource and CPU cost in allocating and switching threads. A C# program starts in a single thread that's created automatically by the CLR and operating system (the "main" thread). Here it lives out its life 度完一生, 终其一生 as a single-threaded application,
unless you do otherwise, by creating more threads (directly or
indirectly). On a single-processor computer, the operating system must allocate "slices" of time to each thread (typically 20 ms in Windows) to simulate concurrency, resulting in repeated blocks of "x" and "y". On a multiprocessor or multicore machine, the two threads can genuinely execute in parallel, although you still get repeated blocks of "x" and "y" because of subtleties in the mechanism by which Console handles concurrent requests. The thread pool also keeps a lid on the total number of worker threads it will run simultaneously. Too many threads throttle the operating system with administrative burden. You can set the upper limit by calling ThreadPool.SetMaxThreads; the default is 50 (this may vary according to the hardware and operating system). Once exceeded, jobs queue up and start only when another finishes. The thread pool makes arbitrarily concurrent applications possible, such as a web server. If you start a new thread on the server for every client request, a heavy spurt of concurrent client activity could choke the server. The thread pool addresses this problem by limiting the number of active threads. (The asynchronous method pattern takes this further by making highly efficient use of the pooled threads;). 3. 如果短时间创建50个线程. The pool manager stops short of creating 50 threads. In fact, to begin with, it stops right at the number of processors or CPU cores; on a dual-core computer, the pool manager will create just two threads and queue the remaining 48 jobs to these two threads. Matching the thread count to the core count allows a program to retain a small memory footprint without hurting performance
- as long as the threads are efficiently used (which in this case they
are). But now suppose we insert a Thread.Sleep statement before
computing the hash, idling the CPU for a while (or run a time-consuming
database query). The pool manager's thread-economy strategy breaks down策略失效; it would now do better to create 50 threads, so all the jobs could sleep (or wait for the database server) simultaneously. Fortunately, the pool manager has a backup plan. If its queue remains stationary for more than half a second, it responds by creating more threads - one every half-second - up to the capacity of the thread pool. Once created, a thread's in the pool for life, so it will always be available immediately to service new requests. The half-second delay is a two-edged sword双刃剑. On the one hand, it means that a one-off burst of brief activity (such as in our example, without the sleep) doesn't make a program suddenly consume an extra unnecessary 50 MB of memory. On the other hand, it can needlessly delay things when a pooled thread blocks, such as when querying a database or calling WebClient.DownloadFile. For this reason, you can tell the pool manager not to delay in the allocation of the first x threads, as follows: ThreadPool.SetMinThreads (50, 50);. 4. retentive [ri'tɛntiv]( retentivity, retain) 可保留的 adj having the capacity to retain or remember. Having the ability or capacity to retain knowledge or information with ease: a retentive memory. good at remembering; "a retentive mind"; "tenacious memory持久的记忆力". crop I. a. 农作物. Cultivated plants or agricultural produce, such as grain, vegetables, or fruit, considered as a group: Wheat is a common crop. b. 收获. 收成. The total yield of such produce in a particular season or place: an orchard that produced a huge crop of apples last year. II. A group, quantity, or supply appearing at one time: a crop of new ideas. III. A short haircut. A crop(女孩的短头发发型) is a short hairstyle worn with the hair cut very close to the head. It is frequently sported by both men and women, though the style is usually only named as a crop when sported by a woman. IV. An earmark on an animal. v. I. a. To cut or bite off the tops or ends of: crop a hedge; sheep cropping grass.
b. To cut (hair, for example) very short. c. To clip (an animal's
ears, for example). d. To trim (a photograph or picture, for example). II. a. To harvest: crop salmon. b. To cause to grow or yield a crop. crop up to appear without warning; to happen suddenly; [for something] to begin to reveal itself in the open. to appear by chance. to appear by chance. to appear without warning; to happen suddenly; [for something] to begin to reveal itself in the open. Some
new problems cropped up at the last minute. Officials fear that the
virus could crop up in the United States. Interest in international
issues has cropped up on many university campuses. A thread线程 is said to be preempted at the points where its execution is interspersed with 点缀 the execution of code on another thread. The term often crops up in explaining why something has gone wrong! Officials
fear that the virus could crop up in the United States. Interest in
international issues has cropped up on many university campuses. Some new problems cropped up at the last minute. "Come up" is a term used to describe something you literally, "come
upon," or find virtuously. It is also used to mean something that helps
someone "come up" to the next level, like a rad pair of shoes or a fur
coat. come up I. to be mentioned or talked about The issue will come up in the meeting on Monday. II. 冒出来. to happen unexpectedly I don't care how well you planned, something always comes up that you didn't think of. III. Lit. to come near; to approach. He came up and began to talk to us. A heron came up while we were fishing, but it just ignored us. IV. Fig. to come to someone's attention. The question of what time to be there never came up. The matter came up, but it was never dealt with. 5. intersperse [,intə'spɜ:s] (参看后边shot) I. 交错分布. 穿插. To distribute among other things at intervals: interspersed red and blue tiles on the walls; intersperse praise with constructive criticism. II. 零散分布. 点缀. To supply or diversify with things distributed at intervals: interspersed lamp fixtures on the large ceiling; a newspaper section that was interspersed with advertisements. intersperse something among/between/through something to place something among/between/throughout things at random, perhaps regularly or in a pattern. We
interspersed a few chocolate dough nuts among all the plain ones. Some
chocolate ones had been interspersed among the plain ones. We interspersed an onion plant between each pair of plants. Onions had been interspersed between every two marigold plants. He interspersed recommendations for a better life throughout the book. Good advice had been interspersed throughout the book. intersperse something with something to provide or bestow something with something. You should intersperse some red flowers with the orange ones. The book was interspersed with good advice. 6. $18,000 Worth of Gear Stolen from Disabled Veterans Hunting Group:
An attempt to help disabled veterans get back into the woods to hunt in
Lyons, Michigan has been thwarted by thieves who stole nearly $18,000
worth of gear. A trailer valued at $4,000 and a Polaris
six-person utility vehicle valued at $13,800 belonging to Operation
Injured Soldiers was stolen outside the agency's office sometime
between July 3-5, the Detroit Free Press reported. Founder Pamela
Bijansky said the trailer might be hard to recognize as stolen because
it was unmarked. However, the utility vehicle won't be tough to spot—it
has the group's name plastered on the side and looks brand new. "We need
to replace them, but personally I'd rather just see someone dump it
somewhere," Bijansky said. "People are out there looking. Keep your eyes
open. Somebody has seen a new trailer appear next door or a new Ranger.
Or it could be in Mississippi right now. But it's a 50-50 shot 一半可能, 一般的机会 ( shot n. I. An attempt; a try: took a shot at losing weight. II. A guess. III. An opportunity: gave him a fair shot at the part in the play. IV. A chance at odds; something to bet on. a chance with odds for and against; a bet: a 20 to 1 shot that the horse will win. The horse was a four-to-one shot. V. a person who shoots; marksman: a good shot. adj. I. a.
交叉, 交叠. 交织着, 交错. (参看前边interspersed) Of changeable or variegated color; iridescent. b. Streaked
or flecked with or as if with yarn of a different color: a blue suit shot with purple; a forest glade that was shot with sunlight. c. Interspersed or permeated with a distinctive quality: Her apology was shot with irony夹带着一丝的, 有一丝的. II. Informal a. Worn-out; ruined. b. Exhausted; thoroughly tired. ) it's
still in Michigan. 7. Threads also come with strings attached有代价的. The biggest is that multithreading can increase complexity. Having lots of threads does not in itself create complexity; it's the interaction between threads (typically via shared data) that does. This applies whether or not the interaction is intentional, and can cause long development cycles and an ongoing susceptibility ( I. the condition of being susceptible; vulnerability. II. emotional sensitivity. ) to intermittent 偶尔的 and nonreproducible 无法再现的 bugs. For this reason, it pays to 无限好处, 获得回报 keep interaction to a minimum(It pays to keep a cool head 保持头脑冷静.), and to stick to 坚持于 simple and proven designs wherever possible. This chapter is largely on dealing with just these complexities; remove the interaction and there's relatively little to say! Threading also comes with a resource and CPU cost in allocating and switching threads. Multithreading will not always speed up your application - it can even slow it down if used excessively or inappropriately.
scene: 1. I. A social environment consisting of an informal, vague group of people with a uniting interest; their sphere of activity; a subculture. She got into the emo scene at an early age. II. An exhibition of passionate or strong feeling before others; often, an artificial or affected action, or course of action, done for effect; a theatrical display. They saw an angry scene outside the pub. The crazy lady made a scene in the grocery store. III. An assemblage of objects presented to the view at once; a series of actions and events exhibited in their connection; a spectacle; a show; an exhibition; a view. He assessed the scene 现场 to check for any danger, and agreed it was safe. IV. 一幕剧. So much of a play as passes without change of locality or time, or important change of character; hence, a subdivision of an act; a separate portion of a play, subordinate to the act, but differently determined in different plays; as, an act of four scenes. The play is divided into three acts, and in total twenty-five scenes. The most moving scene is the final one, where he realizes he has wasted his whole life. There were some very erotic scenes 一场戏, 色情戏, 色情镜头 in the movie, although it was not classified as pornography. crime scene The location of a crime; especially one at which forensic evidence is collected in a controlled manner. behind the scenes I. (theater) Behind the scenery and stage area; backstage. II. (idiomatic) In secret; out of public view. Many videos come with features that show what went on behind the scenes to make the movie and special effects. scene kid A young person belonging to a current popular fad or fashion sub-genre, often relating to a musical genre. sickened Disgusted or revolted. sex scene A segment in a movie, television program, etc. in which characters engage in simulated or real sexual activity. deleted scene 删掉的戏, 删掉的镜头 (cinematography) A scene removed from or replaced by another scene in the final version of a motion picture or television program episode. 2. BDSM(Bondage, disciplined, SM). Unlike the usual "power neutral" relationships and play styles 玩的方式 commonly followed by couples, activities and relationships within a BDSM context are often characterized by the participants' taking on complementary(I. Forming or serving as a complement; completing. II. 互补的. 互通有无的. Supplying mutual needs or offsetting mutual lacks. forming a satisfactory or balanced whole. ), but unequal roles; thus, the idea of informed consent ( Informed consent 充分理解和完全同意, 完全自愿 is a process for getting permission before conducting a healthcare intervention on a person. A health care provider may ask a patient to consent to receive therapy before providing it, or a clinical researcher may ask a research participant before enrolling that person into a clinical trial. Informed consent is collected according to guidelines from the fields of medical ethics and research ethics. An informed consent can be said to have been given based upon a clear appreciation and understanding of the facts, implications, and future consequences of an action. In order to give informed consent, the individual concerned must have adequate reasoning faculties足够的分析能力 and be in possession of all relevant facts at the time consent is given. Impairments to reasoning and judgment which may make it impossible for someone to give informed consent include such factors as basic intellectual or emotional immaturity, high levels of stress such as PTSD or a severe intellectual disability, severe mental illness, intoxication, severe sleep deprivation, Alzheimer's disease, or being in a coma.) of both the partners becomes essential. Participants who exert sexual control over their partners are known as dominants or tops while participants who take the passive, receiving, or obedient 服从的 role are known as submissives or bottoms. Individuals are also sometimes abbreviated when referred to in writing, so a dominant person may be referred to as a Dom for a man, and a Domme for a woman. Dom/Dommes are sometimes referred to in upper case when written about, while subs are in lower case. Individuals who alternate between top/dominant and bottom/submissive roles – whether from relationship to relationship or within a given relationship – are known as switches, though the term switch in this context is occasionally seen as derogatory and is rejected by many who might simplistically fit the definition. The precise definition of roles and self-identification is a common subject of debate, reflection, and discussion within the community. Top and dominant are widely recognized for those partner(s) in the relationship or activity who are, respectively, the physically active or controlling participants. Bottom and submissive are widely recognized terms for those partner(s) in the relationship or activity who are, respectively, the physically receptive or controlled participants. The interaction between tops and bottoms—where physical and/or mental control of the bottom is surrendered to the top—is sometimes known as power exchange, whether in the context of an encounter or a relationship. BDSM actions can often take place during a specific period of time agreed to by both parties, referred to as "play", "a scene" or "a session". Participants usually derive pleasure from this, even though many of the practices—such as inflicting pain or humiliation or being restrained—would be unpleasant under other circumstances. Explicit sexual activity, such as sexual penetration, may occur within a session, but is not essential. Whether it is a public "playspace" - ranging from a party at an established community dungeon to a hosted play "zone" at a nightclub or social event - the parameters of allowance 允许的尺度 ( parameter I. 尺度范围. 界限. 限制. 允许范围 Usu., parameters. limits or boundaries; guidelines. a limit that affects how something can be done. a rule or limit that controls what something is or how something should be done. limit, boundary. any constant or limiting factor: a designer must work within the parameters of budget and practicality. the parameters of science fiction. to keep within the parameters of the discussion. We have to operate within the parameters of the budget. to keep within the parameters of the discussion. II. a determining characteristic; factor: a useful parameter for judging long-term success. set/define/establish parameters (for something): Ministers will meet next week to set the parameters for the peace conference. allowance an amount of money that someone receives regularly, in order to pay for the things they need. She receives a monthly allowance of £500. a housing/ clothing/ fuel allowance 补助 (=money given to help people with their rent, clothes, or heating): an increase in the winter fuel allowance. 允许量, 限额. an amount of something that you are officially allowed by a particular set of rules or by the law. the recommended daily allowance of Vitamin C. Your baggage allowance is 30 kilos. a. British an amount of money that you are officially allowed to earn without having to pay tax on it. Will the government abolish the married person's tax allowance? make allowance/allowances (for) I. 考虑进去. to consider something when making a plan or doing a calculation. My calculations make allowance for two paid employees. II. 考虑到. 虑及. 顾及到. to accept behaviour that you would not normally accept because you know why someone has behaved that way. We have to make allowances for his lack of experience. ) can vary. Some restrict a policy of panties/nipple tape for females (underwear for men) and some allow full nudity with explicit sexual interaction allowed. In general, BDSM play is usually structured such that it is possible for the consenting partner to withdraw his or her consent during a scene; for example, by using a safeword that was agreed on in advance. Use of the agreed safeword (or occasionally a "safe symbol" such as dropping a ball or ringing a bell, especially when speech is restricted) is seen by some as an explicit withdrawal of consent. Failure to honor a safeword is considered serious misconduct and could even change the sexual consent situation into a crime, depending on the relevant law, since the bottom has explicitly revoked his or her consent to any actions that follow the use of the safeword (see Legal status). For other scenes, particularly in established relationships, a safeword may be agreed to signify a warning ("this is getting too intense") rather than explicit withdrawal of consent; and a few choose not to use a safeword at all. This is sometimes the case for "punishment scenes" between master/slave couples or for some extreme or edgeplay scenes which may include abductions, rape play, or interrogation. This scene dynamic may be referred to as "consensual nonconsent". In some scenes and/or relationships it may be impossible for consent to be withdrawn in the middle of a scene, or the bottom may have the ability to revoke consent for a relationship as a whole, but not for a particular scene. Aside from the general advice related to safe sex, BDSM sessions often require a wider array of safety precautions than vanilla sex (sexual behavior without BDSM elements). In theory, to ensure consent related to BDSM activity, pre-play negotiations are commonplace, especially among partners who do not know each other very well. In practice, pick-up scenes at clubs or parties may sometimes be low in negotiation (much as pick-up sex from singles bars may not involve much negotiation or disclosure). Ideally, these negotiations concern the interests and fantasies of each partner and establish a framework. This kind of discussion is a typical "unique selling proposition" of BDSM sessions and quite commonplace. Additionally, safewords are often arranged to provide for an immediate stop of any activity if any participant should so desire. "Dominance and submission" (also known as D&s, Ds or D/s) is a set of behaviors, customs and rituals relating to the giving and accepting of control of one individual over another in an erotic or lifestyle context. It explores the more mental aspect of BDSM. This is also the case in many relationships not considering themselves as sadomasochistic; it is considered to be a part of BDSM if it is practiced purposefully. The range of its individual characteristics is thereby wide. Often, "slave contracts" are set out in writing to record the formal consent of the parties to the power exchange, stating their common vision of the relationship dynamic. The purpose of this kind of agreement is primarily to encourage discussion and negotiation in advance, and then to document that understanding for the benefit of all parties. Such documents have not been recognized as being legally binding 具有法律效力(Common legal phrase indicating that an agreement has been consciously made, and certain actions are now either required or prohibited. For example, a lease for an apartment is legally binding, because upon signing the document, the lessor and the lessee are agreeing to a number of conditions. The lessor typically agrees to provide the apartment in a certain condition for a certain length of time, and the lessee typically agrees to pay an agreed upon rent and refrain from certain destructive behaviors. The other requirement for an agreement or contract to be considered legally binding is consideration - both parties must knowingly understand what they are agreeing to. If a person is forced, tricked, or coerced into entering into an agreement, it typically is not considered legally binding.), nor are they intended to be. These agreements are binding in the sense that the parties have the expectation that the negotiated rules will be followed. Often other friends and community members may witness the signing of such a document in a ceremony, and so parties violating their agreement can result in loss of face丢脸, respect or status with their friends in the community. In general, as compared to conventional relationships, BDSM participants go to great lengths to negotiate the important aspects of their relationships in advance, and to take great care in learning about and following safe practices. In a BDSM relationship, the partner who has the active role in a session or in the entire relationship is described as the "top", a role that often involves inflicting pain, degradation or subjugation. The partner referred to as the "bottom" submits voluntarily to the actions of the top. Although the top is usually also the dominant partner and the bottom the submissive partner, it is not inevitably so 不是必然的. In some cases the top (known in this case as a service top) follows instructions from the bottom according to the bottom's desires and in a way the bottom expressly 明确的 requires. If the bondage/discipline aspect of BDSM involves a top actively performing a skill while a bottom willingly submits, then the dominance/submission aspect here is reversed from 翻转过来 what is typically expected. By contrast, a dominant top controls their submissive bottom partner, sometimes by using physical or psychological techniques, although consent is always established first. This power relationship is so common, "bottom" and "submissive" are sometimes used interchangeably. However, most frequently, bottom refers to anyone receiving an act while submissive refers to someone who is obedient to a dominant, i.e.; a dominant receiving a massage from a submissive is considered a bottom while the submissive is the top during the act of giving the massage. The top or bottom actors may change but the roles of dominant and submissive remain the same. A similar distinction also may apply to bottoms. At one end of the spectrum一个极端 are those who are indifferent to, or even reject physical stimulation. At the other end of the spectrum are bottoms who enjoy discipline and erotic humiliation but are not willing to be subordinate to the person who applies it. The bottom is frequently the partner who specifies the basic conditions of the session and gives instructions, directly or indirectly, in the negotiation, while the top often respects this guidance. Other bottoms often called "brats" try to incur punishment from their tops by provoking them or "misbehaving". Nevertheless a small, very puristic (purism I. (uncountable) An insistence on the traditionally correct way of doing things, especially of language. II. (countable) An example of purist language etc.) "school" exists within the BDSM community, which regards such "topping from the bottom" as rude or even incompatible with the standards of BDSM relations. Switch: BDSM practitioners may also "switch", meaning they play either or both roles. He or she may practice this with one or more specific partners. The many reasons for switching are often very subjective and sometimes situational依情况而定的. A switch may simply enjoy both top and bottom roles or may be experimenting尝试看看. Sometimes a relationship with a partner of the same primary preference (for example, two tops) requires switching to fulfill various BDSM needs within that relationship. Some change roles but do not regard themselves as switches as they do so irregularly or under specific circumstances only. 3. The scene subculture is a contemporary subculture which was common in the United States, Europe and Latin America from the late 2000s until the mid 2010s. Teenagers involved in this style are called "scene people," "scene kids," or sometimes "scenesters". By 2012, many scene kids had abandoned the cartoon print hoodies, skinny jeans and studded belts in favor of a more hardcore/skate punk look with wifebeaters(The term "A-shirt" is short for "athletic shirt" because it is often worn in sports, such as basketball and track-and-field events. In the United States, it is also known colloquially as a tank top or by its pejorative nicknames, wife-beater 打老婆的人 or guinea tee (which come from the cultural stereotype where they are considered an underwear-only type of clothing and wearing one in public is alleged to connote low social class; guinea(ˈɡɪnɪ) is an ethnic slur for an Italian). In the UK an A-shirt, especially when used as an undershirt, is known as a vest (compare the American usage of "vest"). Another term, used in England, Scotland, Ireland, Australia, Nigeria, New Zealand, and parts of Hawaii is singlet. In the Philippines, when used as an undershirt it is called a sando. In India it is known as a banian, and is used extensively to absorb sweat吸汗 and prevent its penetration to outer layers of clothing.), plain hoodies, combat boots, Vans, tapered jeans, and stretched earlobe拉长耳垂 piercings, except in parts of Latin America, like Fortaleza, where late-2000s scene and emo fashion remained common. Short hair replaced the androgynous styles of the late 2000s, with many scene kids opting for messy蓬松的, 蓬乱的 cropped hair with colors dyed in, or adopting the Hitler Youth haircut associated with indie kids and the contemporary skater subculture. Scene has often been confused consistently with emo. Many people involved in the emo style have accused scene of ripping off emo. In Latin America, scene clothing and androgynous hairstyles are often worn by teenage fans of bubblegum pop groups like Restart. In response to the (sometimes violent) backlash against emo kids, especially in Mexico, teenagers of both sexes began wearing bright colors and cartoon prints, rather than black. 4. 关于scene的众说纷纭的解释: The word "Non-Scene" to me promises an opportunity for me to explore New York, meet friends with similar personalities, and "not have to go to the same damn bar night after night hoping that this time my soul mate will accidentally get tricked into coming to this horrible shameless drunkfest the same way I did so he can finally get to know me for who I really am: the sweaty guy in the corner who just got puked on." To me, the "Non-Scene" emphasis of the group refers to the group's wide-range of activities typically separate from the dating and social scene found in bars and clubs. To me, "non-scene" refers to a social calendar that doesn't center around bars/clubs/alcohol/drugs. It is for the misfits who value individualism. I find it unfortunate that it cannot be defined in more positive terms. I am in my 20s, but I agree that "20-something," in spite of the leading number, is bound more to an optimistic outlook on life rather than to an age-based clustering(Clustering a group gathered together in a cluster. cluster 分群. 物以类聚, 人以群分. I. A group of the same or similar elements gathered or occurring closely together; a bunch: "She held out her hand, a small tight cluster of fingers" (Anne Tyler). A cluster of men blocked the doorway. The passengers clustered together in small groups. II. A group of academic courses in a related area.). Just like I didn't immediately feel like an adult when the clock ticked and I turned 21, I doubt that the moment I become 30 I'll experience a sudden shift in personality. I think I have said this before so I can describe what I mean by it. I have good friends that have had their lives consumed with 把生命浪费在 "the gay scene" by this I mean they know everyone in the area who is gay, they have slept with many of them, they are at "the club" every single night, and all they are concerned about is when they will be going out, who will be there, how hot they will look, how much attention they will get, and who they will going home with. These are the people who, in my opinion, give gay men a bad rep, this is what the entire series of the show QUEEN AS FOLK is about. Other gay men like to live more normal (in my opinion) lives. Go to work, go to the gym, have hobbies, have tons of friends straight and gay, go to movies, go to dinner, sometimes go out, not necessarily a gay bar. It is a matter of opinion and taste and to each his own. live and let live. the grass is always greener on the other side, etc. 5. Dominance and submission (also called D/s) is a set of behaviors, customs, and rituals involving the submission of one person to another in an erotic episode or lifestyle. It is a subset of BDSM. Physical contact is not a necessity, and D/s can even be conducted anonymously over the telephone, email, or other messaging systems. In other cases, it can be intensely physical, sometimes crossing into sadomasochism. In D/s, both parties take pleasure or erotic enjoyment from either dominating or being dominated. Those who take the superior position are called dominants—Doms (male) or Dommes (female)—while those who take the subordinate 从属的 position are called submissives—or subs (male or female). A switch is an individual who plays either role. Two switches together may negotiate and exchange roles several times in a session. "Dominatrix([ˌdomɪˈneɪtrɪks] a woman who controls what happens in a sadomasochistic sexual relationship. )" is a term usually reserved for a female professional dominant who dominates others for pay. Note, it is common for writers to capitalise the "D" in Dominant but leave the "s" in lowercase for the submissive. Many extend this to His/Hers, Him/Her, He/She, etc., to make it clear when they are referring to a Dominant. D/s participants often refer to their activity as "play", with an individual play session being called a "scene角色扮演游戏". A scene between two switches can involve trading off the dominant and submissive roles, possibly several times. In contrast, the terms "top" and "bottom" refer to the active (agent) and passive (patient) roles, respectively. In a given scene, there is no requirement that the dominant also be the top, or that the submissive be the bottom, although this is often the case. The term "vanilla" refers to normative ("non-kinky") sex and relationships, the vanilla world being mainstream society outside of the BDSM subculture. The term comes from vanilla ice cream being considered the "default" flavor. Linguistic conventions: Some people in the D/s world capitalize words and names that refer to dominants, and do not capitalize those that refer to submissives, hence the capitalization of D/s; others do not. It was popularized in internet chatrooms, to make it easier to identify the orientation of the writer or the person being written about. Also, some submissives eschew ([esˈtʃu] to avoid doing something, especially for moral reasons. ) personal pronouns, instead referring to themselves as "this slave" or "Master Bob's girl". This is sometimes considered an expression of modesty, but it is an entirely optional method of depersonalizing a submissive during "play". It may have roots in the military, where new recruits are required to refer to themselves as "this recruit", rather than "I" or "me". D/s relationship styles: There can be any number of partners in a D/s relationship: one dominant may have several submissives, who may in turn dominate others, or a submissive may have multiple dominants. Relationships may be monogamous or polyamorous. Romantic love is not necessarily a feature in D/s: partners might be very much in love or have no romantic relationship at all. Some D/s relationships are sexual, others completely chaste ( [tʃeɪst] old-fashioned someone who is chaste does not have sex. a. mainly literary showing no interest in sex. a chaste kiss.). Fantasy role play can be an element, with partners taking classic dominant or submissive roles, or classic authority-figure roles such as teacher and student, police officer and suspect, or parent and child. Animal play, where one partner takes the role of owner or caretaker and the other takes the part of a pet or animal, can also be D/s play. A classic example of a D/s role is the sissymaid, where an adult male dresses in cartoonish female clothing and performs stereotypical female chores such as housecleaning or serving tea. It should be noted that cross-dressing in D/s does not always involve a desire to be sissified or made into caricatures of women or to serve: for example, others may desire to be made as beautiful as possible and interact on a "girlfriend-to-girlfriend" non-sexual basis. Variation in D/s is virtually limitless and the activities take many forms, and may be combined with other forms of BDSM. Consent is a vital element in all psychological play, and consent can be granted in many ways. Some employ a written form known as a "Dungeon negotiation form", for others a simple verbal commitment is sufficient. Consent can be limited both in duration and content. Consensual non-consensuality is a mutual agreement to act as if consent has been waived within safe, sane limits. It is an agreement that consent is given in advance, sometimes without foreknowledge of the exact actions planned, though within defined limits subject to a safeword, reasonable care, common sense, or other restrictions. The consent is given with the intent of its being irrevocable under normal circumstances. As such, it is a show of extreme trust and understanding and is usually undertaken only by partners who know each other well, or otherwise agree to set clear, safe limits on their activities. It's not unusual to grant consent only for an hour or for an evening. When a scene lasts for more than a few hours, it's common to draft a "scene contract" that defines what will happen and who is responsible for what. It's a good way to work out what all the parties want, and usually improves the experience. Some contracts can become quite detailed and run for many pages, especially if a scene is to last a weekend or more. For long term consent, a "slave contract" may be drawn up. BDSM "contracts" are only an agreement between consenting people and are usually not legally binding; in fact, the possession of one may be considered illegal in some areas. Slave contracts are simply a way of defining the nature and limits of the relationship and are not intended to carry legal force 具有法律效力. After a slave contract is drafted, some celebrate the event with a "collaring ceremony( collar I. (figuratively, transitive) To bind in conversation. I managed to collar Fred 堵住 in the office for an hour. II. (transitive) To roll up (beef or other meat) and bind it with string preparatory to cooking. III. (BDSM) To bind a submissive to a dominant under specific conditions or obligations.)", in which the local D/s community is invited to witness the commitment made in the document. Some ceremonies become quite elaborate, and can be as involved as a wedding or any similar ritual.
