用法学习: 1. coast I. an area of land beside a sea. the east coast of England. on the coast: We had a nice day on the coast. the coast is clear 安全了 it is safe to do something because there is no one to see or catch you. Once the coast was clear, I opened the letter and began to read. v. I. 轻松获胜. to achieve success very easily or with very little effort. Scotland coasted to a 31–12 win over Argentina. II. to continue to move in a car or on a bicycle after you have switched off the engine or have stopped pedalling with your legs. take a shine to somebody 一见钟情 (informal) to like someone immediately I think Andrew has taken a bit of a shine to our new member of staff. Amy took a shine to Nick, but her friends weren't so sure he was the right guy for her. out of tune (with someone or something) I. Lit. 跑调. 不在调上. not in musical harmony with someone or something. (be ~; get ~.) The oboe is out of tune with the flute. The flute is out of tune with John. They are all out of tune. II. Fig. 不协调, 不一致. not in agreement with someone or something. (be ~.) Your proposal is out of tune with my ideas of what we should be doing. Your ideas are out of tune with company policy. 2. Sorry, I don't know how to put this nicely说的好听点, 说的中听点, 说的婉转点. The Miranda warning, also referred to as Miranda rights or Miranda rule, is a warning given by police in the United States to criminal suspects in police custody (or in a custodial interrogation) before they are interrogated to preserve the admissibility of their statements against them in criminal proceedings. The Miranda warning is part of a preventive criminal procedure rule that law enforcement is required to administer to protect an individual who is in custody and subject to direct questioning or its functional equivalent from a violation of his or her Fifth Amendment right against compelled self-incrimination. 3. Two straps on a backpack or one strap: What's cool? Don't two strap it, OK? That's not cool. Will she face the cheetah(cheetah [ˈtʃi:tə] a large African wild animal that has yellow fur with black spots and can run extremely fast) and the cougar? Big Brother spills on whether Lawson's girlfriend will go into the house. Face off? The rumour mill has gone into spin reporting that Candice Leeder - who has yet to officially dump Lawson - is about to go into Bog Brother to confront her cheating boyfriend. Lawson and Cat's Big Brother trysts [trɪst] is the cheating scandal that is gripping reality viewers all across Australia. Speaking exclusively to Daily Mail Australia on Tuesday, Big Brother himself has weighed in on reports that his girlfriend Candice Leeder is about to go inside the locked up pad to confront the cheating pair. Taking some time off from setting tasks and discussions in the diary room, Big Brother refused to the deny the rumours. 'Big Brother will get back to you,' he bellowed(bellow 大喊 I. [intransitive/transitive] to shout very loudly. 'I can't hear you!' he bellowed. II. [intransitive] to make the deep sound that a bull and some other large animals make.) again. The strict patriarch([ˈpeɪtriˌɑ:(r)k] I. the oldest man in a family or organization, who is respected because of this. II. a religious leader in one of the Orthodox Christian churches.) also said that he has been in contact with Lawson's girlfriend of five years to make sure she is doing OK during this difficult period in her life. 'Big Brother always ensures the welfare of anyone being discussed in the Big Brother house.' After repeatedly cheating on Candice with his much older housemate, the guilt-ridden懊悔不已的, 深感罪恶的 magic man took to the diary room in a scene set to air on Channel Nine on Tuesday night to express his remorse. 'We've been through a lot of difficult things, like my mum dying. So I owe her a lot and haven't really shown that, especially not in here,' he cried. 'Her family really looked after me when my mum died. 'Her mum made me feel like I still had a mum, now I don't think I could look any of them in the eyes,' he broke down. 4. palate [ˈpælət] 颚, spleen 脾脏, pancreas 胰腺.
知识游戏: 1. interstellar [ˌɪntə(r)ˈstelə(r)] 星际的 between the stars. interstellar space/travel, interstellar exploration. Tennis elbow or lateral epicondylitis is a condition in which the outer part of the elbow becomes sore and tender. Tennis elbow is an acute or chronic inflammation of the tendons that join the forearm muscles on the outside of the elbow (lateral epicondyle). The forearm muscles and tendons become damaged from overuse — repeating the same motions again and again. This leads to inflammation, pain and tenderness on the outside of the elbow. 2. The larynx [ˈlærɪŋks] (plural larynges), commonly called the voice box喉头, 喉结, is an organ in the neck of amphibians, reptiles, and mammals involved in breathing, sound production, and protecting the trachea 喉管 against food aspiration. It manipulates pitch and volume. The larynx houses the vocal folds (vocal cords), which are essential for phonation. The vocal folds are situated just below where the tract of the pharynx splits into the trachea and the esophagus(The esophagus 食道 (American English) or oesophagus (British English), commonly known as the foodpipe or gullet, is an organ in vertebrates which consists of a fibromuscular tube through which food passes, aided by peristaltic contractions, from the pharynx to the stomach. The trachea, colloquially called windpipe呼吸道, is a tube that connects the pharynx and larynx to the lungs, allowing the passage of air, and so is present in all air-breathing animals with lungs. Only in the lungfish, where the lung is connected to the pharynx and the trachea, is it absent.). 4. Guy Fawkes(白脸红脸蛋八字胡的那种面具) (13 April 1570 – 31 January 1606), also known as Guido Fawkes, the name he adopted采用的名字 while fighting for the Spanish in the Low Countries, was a member of a group of provincial English Catholics who planned the failed Gunpowder Plot of 1605. Fawkes was born and educated in York. His father died when Fawkes was eight years old, after which his mother married a recusant Catholic. Fawkes later converted to Catholicism and left for the continent, where he fought in the Eighty Years' War on the side of Catholic Spain against Protestant Dutch reformers. He travelled to Spain to seek support for a Catholic rebellion in England but was unsuccessful. He later met Thomas Wintour, with whom he returned to England. Wintour introduced Fawkes to Robert Catesby, who planned to assassinate King James I and restore a Catholic monarch to the throne. The plotters图谋者 secured the lease to an undercroft (An undercroft 地道, 地洞 is traditionally a cellar or storage room, often brick-lined and vaulted, and used for storage in buildings since medieval times. In modern usage, an undercroft is generally a ground (street-level) area which is relatively open to the sides, but covered by the building above. ) beneath the House of Lords, and Fawkes was placed in charge of the gunpowder they stockpiled there堆积在那里, 堆在那里. Prompted by the receipt of an anonymous letter匿名信, the authorities searched Westminster Palace during the early hours of 5 November, and found Fawkes guarding the explosives炸药, 爆炸物. Over the next few days, he was questioned and tortured折磨, 用刑, 动刑具, and eventually he broke招认了, 招供了. Immediately before his execution on 31 January, Fawkes jumped from the scaffold where he was to be hanged and broke his neck, thus avoiding the agony of the mutilation ( mutilate [ˈmju:tɪleɪt] 凌迟, 千刀万剐, 割的一片一片的 to damage someone's body permanently by cutting it or removing part of it. Many of the bodies had been badly burned or mutilated. a. to damage something seriously, or to spoil it completely, especially by removing part of it. The painting had been badly mutilated by vandals. To be hanged绞刑, drawn马拖地拉 and quartered碎尸万段 was from 1351 a statutory penalty in England for men convicted of high treason, although the ritual was first recorded during the reigns of King Henry III (1216–1272) and his successor, Edward I (1272–1307). Convicts were fastened to a hurdle, or wooden panel, and drawn by horse to the place of execution, where they were hanged (almost to the point of death), emasculated ( emasculate [ɪˈmæskjuleɪt] 去势. I. to reduce the power or effectiveness of something. He has closed opposition newspapers and emasculated the courts. II. to make a man feel weaker and less male. Emasculation is the removal of the penis and the testicles, the external male sex organs. Removal of the testicles alone is termed castration 阉割. Emasculation was a form of punishment in Medieval Europe and sometimes formed part of the process of being hanged, drawn and quartered. By extension, the word has also come to mean to render a male less of a man, or to make a male feel less of a man by humiliation. This metaphorical usage of the word is much more common than the application of its literal meaning. It can also mean the reduction or removal of force behind a statute or legislation, for example, "the Triennial Act was emasculated by the Cavalier Parliament". The removal of male (pollen) parts of a plant, largely for controlled pollination and breeding purposes, is also called emasculation.), disembowelled( disembowel [ˌdɪsɪmˈbauəl] 开膛破肚, 挖空内脏 to kill someone by cutting open their stomach and removing their intestines. ), beheaded and quartered 五马分尸的 (chopped into four pieces). Their remains were often displayed in prominent places 示众 across the country, such as London Bridge. For reasons of public decency, women convicted of high treason were instead burned at the stake烧死在耻辱柱上. tar and feather someone in the past, to cover someone with tar and feathers as a punishment. wiki: Tarring and feathering 浸猪笼似的惩罚 is a form of public humiliation and punishment used to enforce unofficial justice or revenge.
It was used in feudal Europe and its colonies in the early modern
period, as well as the early American frontier, mostly as a type of mob vengeance. The image of a tarred-and-feathered outlaw remains a metaphor for severe public criticism. The severity of the sentence was measured against the seriousness of the crime. As an attack on the monarch's authority 挑战权威, high treason was considered a deplorable act ( deplorable extremely bad and shocking She accused government ministers of behaving deplorably. ) demanding the most extreme form of punishment; although some convicts had their sentences modified and suffered a less ignominious end结局( ignominious [ˌɪɡnəˈmɪniəs] 屈辱的 very embarrassing, especially because of making you seem very unsuccessful or unimportant. an ignominious defeat. ), over a period of several hundred years many men found guilty of high treason were subjected to 遭受 the law's ultimate sanction. ) that followed. Fawkes became synonymous with the Gunpowder Plot, the failure of which has been commemorated纪念 in Britain since 5 November 1605. His effigy(effigy [ˈefɪdʒi] a model of someone, especially one destroyed in a protest against them.) is traditionally burned on a bonfire, commonly accompanied by a firework display. The Guy Fawkes mask is a stylised depiction of Guy Fawkes, the best-known member of the Gunpowder Plot, an attempt to blow up the House of Lords in London in 1605. The use of a mask on an effigy has long roots as part of Guy Fawkes Night celebrations. A stylised portrayal of a face with an over-sized smile 咧大嘴的笑 and red cheeks, a wide moustache upturned 向上翘 at both ends, and a thin vertical pointed beard山羊胡, designed by illustrator David Lloyd, came to represent broader protest after it was used as a major plot element in V for Vendetta, published in 1982, and its 2006 film adaptation. After appearing in Internet forums, the mask became a well-known symbol for the online hacktivist group Anonymous, used in Project Chanology, the Occupy movement, and other anti-government and anti-establishment protests around the world.
Dutch - Customs and etiquette: The Dutch have a code of etiquette which governs social behaviour and is considered important. Because of the international position of the Netherlands, many books have been written on the subject. Some customs may not be true in all regions and they are never absolute永无绝对. In addition to those specific to the Dutch, many general points of European etiquette apply to the Dutch as well. Dutch society is egalitarian(egalitarian [ɪˌɡælɪˈteəriən] 平等主义的, 均等主义的 supporting a social system in which everyone has equal status and the same money and opportunities. They were all working towards a society run on egalitarian principles.), individualistic ( I. 个人至上的, 个人主义的. believing that what individual people want is more important than what society or the government wants. II. 个性的. unusual or different from other people in a way you admire. ) and modern. The people tend to view themselves as modest, independent and self-reliant. They value ability over dependency. The Dutch have an aversion to 反感, 厌恶, 讨厌 the non-essential 不必要的, 非必需的(not really necessary. The embassy has ordered the evacuation of all non-essential personnel.). Ostentatious ( [ˌostenˈteɪʃəs] I. 炫耀的, 虚假做作的. 故意引人注意的. 爱显摆的. intended to impress people or attract their admiration, in a way that you think is extreme and unnecessary. an ostentatious display of wealth. II. always trying to impress people with how rich, important, skilful etc you are. Although extremely wealthy, Simon and his family were never ostentatious. pretentious I. 矫揉造作的. 装假的. 装逼的. behaving in a way that is intended to impress other people but seems false or too deliberate. It's so pretentious of her to greet everyone in French. a. used about someone's behaviour or attitude. a pretentious accent. b. used about books, films, and other things that people create. Most of the songs have such pretentious lyrics. conspicuous [kənˈspɪkjuəs] I. 显眼的, 引人注目的. 个性的. very noticeable or easy to see, especially because of being unusual or different. She might have felt less conspicuous if there had been other women there too. II. formal very great: used for emphasizing how good or bad something is. a conspicuous success/failure. be conspicuous by your absence if you are conspicuous by your absence, people notice that you are not there. conspicuous consumption the practice of buying expensive things to show people how rich you are. ostensible [oˈstensəb(ə)l] 声称的, 貌似是的, 自称的, 自己说的, 似是而非的
appearing to be true, or stated by someone to be true, but possibly
false. Appearing as such; being such in appearance; professed, supposed
(rather than demonstrably true or real). The ostensible 表面上的, 明面上的 reason for his visit to New York was to see his mother, but the real reason was to get to the Yankees game the next day. The ostensible reason 名义上的 for the army's presence was to keep the peace. ) behaviour is to be avoided. Accumulating money聚敛财富 is fine, but public spending of large amounts of money is considered something of a vice and associated with being a show-off. A high lifestyle is considered wasteful铺张浪费的 and suspect with most people. The Dutch are proud of their cultural heritage, rich history in art and involvement in international affairs. Dutch manners are blunt with a no-nonsense 没废话, 不胡说八道 attitude; informality combined with adherence to basic behaviour. This might be perceived as impersonal and patronising( impersonal I. 冷淡的, 不友好的. 不热情的. not showing any friendly feelings or interest in someone. His manner was cold and impersonal. a. 不人性化的. 没有人情味的. 公事公办的. used about large organizations that do not think about people's individual needs and situations. The council was accused of being too remote and impersonal. b. 缺乏人情味的, 冷冰冰的. used about a place that does not seem friendly because there are no personal features. The hotel room was a little impersonal. II. linguistics an impersonal verb or sentence usually has the word 'it' as its subject. ) by other cultures, but is the norm in Dutch culture. According to a humorous source on Dutch culture, The UnDutchables: Their directness 直接 gives many the impression that they are rude 粗野 and crude粗糙—attributes they prefer to call 'openness'. A well known more serious source on Dutch etiquette is "Dealing with the Dutch" from Jacob Vossestein: Dutch egalitarianism is the idea that people are equal, especially from a moral point of view, and accordingly, causes the somewhat ambiguous stance the Dutch have towards hierarchy and status. As always, manners differ between groups. Asking about basic rules will not be considered impolite. What may strike you as being blatantly blunt 肆无忌惮的粗鲁, 放肆, 毫不顾忌的 topics and comments are no more embarrassing or unusual to the Dutch than discussing the weather. 其他: Replicas of Dutch buildings can be found in Huis Ten Bosch, Nagasaki, Japan. A similar Holland Village is being built in Shenyang, China. Windmills风车, tulips郁金香, wooden shoes, cheese, Delftware pottery, and cannabis are among the items associated with the Netherlands by tourists. The Netherlands has a long history of social tolerance and today is regarded as a liberal country, considering its drug policy and its legalisation of euthanasia.
