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用法学习: 1. make no mistake about it 放心吧 used to show that you are certain about something.  do not imagine that I am wrong. Make no mistake, any violence against an individual is an act of terror. They are in control of the business, make no mistake about it. Make no mistake about it, this decision is going to cause you a lot of problems. 2. Hustling is the deceptive act of disguising one's skill in a sport or game with the intent of luring someone of probably lesser skill into gambling (or gambling for higher than current stakes) with the hustler, as a form of confidence trick骗人上当. It is most commonly associated with, and originated in, pool (and to an extent other billiards-family games), but also can be performed with regard to other sports and gambling activities. Hustlers may also engage in "sharking"—distracting分心, 分神, disheartening泄气, 泄劲, enraging激怒, or even threatening their opponents, to throw them off. Hustlers are thus often called "pool sharks" (compare "card shark"). Professional and semi-pro hustlers sometimes work with a "stakehorse" — a person who provides the money for the hustler to bet with (and who may assist in the hustling) — in exchange for a substantial portion of all winnings. Another form of hustling (often engaged in by the same hustlers who use the skill-disguising technique) is challenging "marks" (swindle targets) to bet on trick shots that seem nearly impossible but at which the hustler is exceptionally skilled. 3. hang by a thread 命悬一线, 处于危险中 if something hangs by a thread, it is likely to fail in the near future. to be in danger of having something unlucky or bad happen. Roberta was told that her job hung by a thread, and she needed to be more serious about it. For several days after the accident, his life hung by a thread. Peace and democracy hang by a thread in this troubled country. sing the blues 哀叹, 抱怨, 伤时感事 to complain. If you're singing the blues, you're complaining or lamenting something. Computer programmers are singing the blues because business is bad and no one is hiring. Etymology: based on the type of music called the blues (a musical form in which songs often are about difficulties or bad luck). do a runner 吃霸王餐, 拔腿就跑 British informal to leave quickly without paying for something or in order to avoid trouble. We've got a runner偷跑: 警察来抓人, 被抓的人假装不是自己, 稳住警察, 自己从后门跑掉, 结果被警察看到了. Whatever you say, Mum 随便你吧, 爱怎样就怎样吧, 听你的吧. I'd say that if I was pissed off with someone and not bothered to listen to them... it means I don't agree, or just don't give a toss what you say, and lazy to argue with you too, so I just agree.Toy Story III里妈妈要把玩具送人, Randy对妈妈说. mortify I. 尴尬, 屈辱. 丢人. 羞臊难当的. To cause to experience shame, humiliation, or wounded pride; humiliate. I'll be mortified if being caught stealing handicapped parking. II. 约束自己的身体. 戒律. 戒条. 自我惩罚. 戒律清规 to subjugate (the body, passions, etc.) by abstinence, ascetic discipline, or self-inflicted suffering. To discipline (one's body and physical appetites) by self-denial or self-inflicted自加的 privation(a situation in which you do not have the basic things that you need for a comfortable life). Some people seek sainthood by mortifying the body. v.intr. I. To practice ascetic discipline or self-denial of the body and its appetites. II. Pathology To undergo mortification; become gangrenous or necrosed. mortified [ˈmɔrtəˌfaɪd] feeling extremely embarrassed or ashamed. I was so mortified I could have died right there, instead I fainted, but I swore I'd never let that happen to me again. Mortification自我惩罚, 修行 has several meanings in English. One is "a feeling of shame or embarrassment." Another meaning has to do with death. The word mortify means "to kill or subdue." In a biblical context, to mortify is to subdue the body (or its needs and desires) through self-denial and discipline (e.g., mortification of sin / the flesh). We get our English words mortuary(US)(=morgue(BE) a place where a dead body is kept and prepared for a funeral.) and mortician from the same Latin root that gives us mortify. Therefore, mortification of sin / the flesh is the "killing" of sin and the flesh. Mortification of the flesh肉体自我戒律 is the institutional expiatory self-flagellation of a person or group's penance for atonement of sins and path to sanctity. The term is primarily used in religious and spiritual contexts. The practice is found in many cultures, most notably the Roman Catholic Church and their penitential saints. The more common forms of mortification today include fasting, walking barefoot, motion by pious ([ˈpaɪəs] I. strict in your religious beliefs and practices. II. showing disapproval done or said with the intention of seeming religious and moral. ) kneeling 跪行 or laying face down on the floor. Also common amongst religious orders in the past were the wearing of sack garments, and flagellation in imitation of Jesus of Nazareth's suffering and death by crucifixion. Some forms unique to some Asian cultures are carrying heavy loads and immersion in water. 4. Some people lie to impress, some people lie to get out of things摆脱麻烦, 不找麻烦. dig yourself into a hole informal to get yourself into a difficult situation: The government has really dug itself into a hole with its economic policies. You dig yourself a big hole给自己挖坑, 自掘坟墓(比如因撒了个慌, 而需要不断撒谎以掩盖). dig a hole To put ones foot in their mouth. To talk Junk about something or someone to the point of no return回不去了, 踏上不归路, 回不了头了. Recently made popular by Jay-Z on his latest album Kingdom Come. I'm just waitin 'till you dig a hole big enough to put your whole body in then i'm gon' body them. Little does she know she's diggin a hole the more she keeps talking. The point of no return is the point beyond which one must continue on one's current course of action because turning back is physically impossible, prohibitively expensive昂贵到没办法 or dangerous. A particular irreversible action (e.g., setting off an explosion or signing a contract) can be a point of no return, but the point of no return can also be a calculated point during a continuous action (such as in aviation). "Beyond a certain point there is no return. This point has to be reached." "Crossing the Rubicon" is a metaphor for deliberately proceeding past a point of no return. The phrase originates with Julius Caesar's seizure of power in the Roman Republic in 49 BC. Roman generals were strictly forbidden from bringing their troops into the home territory of the Republic in Italy. On 10 January, Caesar led his army across the Rubicon River, crossing from the province of Cisalpine Gaul into Italy. After this, if he did not triumph, he would be executed. Therefore the term "the Rubicon" is used as a synonym to the "point of no return". Burn one's bridges自断退路, 自绝后路, 破釜沉舟, 背水一战 This expression is derived from the idea of burning down a bridge after crossing it during a military campaign, leaving no choice but to continue the march. Figuratively, it means to commit oneself to a particular course of action by making an alternative course impossible. It is most often used in reference to deliberately alienating persons or institutions whose cooperation is required for some action. For instance, "On my last day at my old job, I told my boss what I really think about the company. I guess I burned my bridges." Burn one's boats. This is a variation of "burning one's bridges", and alludes to certain famous incidents where a commander, having landed in a hostile country, ordered his men to destroy their ships, so that they would have to conquer the country or be killed. 5. The one who pull out 退出, 认输 of the game first, lose the game. Sam is the guy who is missing a leg少一条腿. saga I. informal a series of events or a story stretching over a long period. a story about what happens to a group of characters over a long period of time, a Civil War saga starring Clark Gable. II. informal a long series of events, or a description of them. Have you heard the saga of our roof repairs? The saga continues 事情还没有完, 事情还远没有结束. saga novel a series of novels about several generations or members of a family. vomit呕吐物. 卡戴珊的大牌要求: No matter which side of the cavernous ([ˈkævərnəs] a cavernous room or building is very large and dark.) divide your doubtlessly very strong opinion of her falls on, it's pretty apparent that well-contoured曲线玲珑的 simulacrum of chic, Kim Kardashian West, has a certain kind of business savvy - a je ne sais kwuoi, if you will. That's the impression you get when you look into the unblinking, miasmic black pools of her eyes; the same can also be said after you read a list of her alleged product endorsement prerequisites, unearthed by Radar Online. If you want her to show up at your joint and promote your brand you're going to need to cover the following: "Portal to portal first class exclusive ground transportation"; A per diem(Per diem (Latin for "per day" or "for each day") is a daily allowance for expenses—a specific amount of money an organization gives an individual, often an employee, per day to cover living expenses when traveling for work. A per diem can include part or all of the expenses incurred, for example it may exclude accommodation (for which reimbursement may be available on presentation of receipts) and only cover meals. Per diem is also used as an adjective and an adverb. Travel, particularly by motor vehicle, is often reimbursed at a rate determined only by distance travelled, e.g., the US business mileage reimbursement rate. Fixed per diem (and per mile) rates eliminate the need for employees to prepare, and employers to scrutinise审查, a detailed expense report with supporting receipts to document amounts spent while travelling on business. Instead, employers pay employees a standard daily rate without regard to actual expenditure实际花销, 话费, 支出. In the UK the term "scale rate subsistence 基本生活费 and/or accommodation payments" is used more commonly than "per diem". scale rate: Employers can reimburse subsistence to employees by making a scale rate payment. HM Revenue and Customs usually publish the rates in October or November every year. If you work through an Umbrella Company, the Umbrella Company becomes your employer and, as such, will be responsible for processing any expense claims that you may have. However, they also have a responsibility to you, to make sure that the expenses you claim are acceptable under HMR&C rules and that you will not have any additional tax liability in the future. Unfortunately some Umbrella Companies artificially人为的 inflate your take home pay expectations through a fixed rate expense e.g. £35 per day which they will refer to as 'subsistence', 'daily allowance' or a 'scale rate payment'? HMR&C uses the term 'scale rate expenses' and this is what they say: "Scale rate payments are only paid when the employee has incurred an allowable可报销的 expense. A scale rate payment which is paid irrespective of whether the employee has incurred an allowable expense is simply a payment of earnings" This means that, if an Umbrella Company is automatically processing £35 per day for their employees as an expense, when they actually haven’t spent that money, HMR&C will consider it to be earnings and therefore subject to tax. ); Airport greeter service接机服务(Greeters欢迎服务 are volunteers who welcome tourists in their city or region, and show them around for free as they would do with friends or family. It is a form of social tourism; the residents participate in the activities of the tourists, and tourists get to see the local life of the place visited. During a walk through the city, a Greeter will not only point out interesting or unknown places, but also talk about daily life in the city and listen to what the guests have to say about their hometown.); And most importantly her "glam fee" which comprises of her day rate for her hair and make up SWAT team((to keep her glam menagerie ([məˈnædʒəri] a large collection of wild animals kept in cages, etc.) fed and watered). Glam!). And if you're thinking of negotiating down, her reps advice is: "You should definitely come back with the best offer that you can make her from a money standpoint, so that we can save the time going back and forth." Kim Kardashian is the Steve Jobs of celebrity brand endorsement. It won't stop there either, after that you're going to need to get her team's approval over every aspect of the visit: photographer, all photos used in print materials, who is on her glam squad (from hair stylist to manicurist), the hotel she's staying at, the airline she's flying, the car service she'll be using and all PR. 6. meaty I. informal providing you with interesting information or ideas that make you think. a meaty discussion of the issues. a meaty role in a new movie. II. informal big, and with a lot of fat or muscle. I yelled, but a meaty hand肥手 clamped over my mouth. Porcelain([ˈpɔrs(ə)lɪn]) 搪瓷的 (also known as china or fine china) is a ceramic material made by heating materials, generally including clay in the form of kaolin, in a kiln to temperatures between 1,200 and 1,400 °C (2,200 and 2,600 °F). the porcelain rim of toilet, the seat and the cover. Induction sealing封口(An induction sealed bottle.), otherwise known as cap sealing, is a non-contact method of heating a metallic disk to hermetically seal the top of plastic and glass containers. This sealing process takes place after the container has been filled and capped. A more recent development (which suits a small number of applications better) allows for induction sealing to be used to apply a foil seal 箔, 金属箔片, 金属薄片 to a container without the need for a closure. In this case, foil is supplied pre-cut or in a reel. Where supplied in a reel, it is die cut and transferred onto the container neck. When the foil is in place, it is pressed down by the seal head, the induction cycle is activated and the seal is bonded to the container. This process is known as direct application or sometimes "capless" induction sealing. 7. cagey [ˈkeɪdʒi] 不愿透露的 reluctant to give information owing to caution or suspicion. "a spokesman was cagey about the arrangements his company had struck". tough crowd难以取悦的观众 An audience that is difficult to please. toe-to-toe adv 针锋相对. in one-to-one combat or in direct competition: there aren't many fighters willing to go toe-to-toe with him. a toe-to-toe battle. He doesn't deserve the level of hate we are throwing at. It's okay, but don't be a dick about it. Sometimes I need to remind myself. Sometimes it just needs to be reposted. When people hurt/offend me I generally uncircle ( 踢出去. 剔除出去. 踢出圈外. A term describing the deliberate removal of a person from a circle of friends, acquaintances, or group of people. A Google+ equivalent to an "unfriending" on facebook. That chick kept posting so many annoying posts that I had to uncircle her. Keep sending me crap on Google+ and I'm going to uncircle you. ) without a second thought 想都不想 because, really...who has the time? But when someone I follow and like here in the ploosisverse (Poliosis头发白斑 is the decrease or absence of melanin[ˈmelənɪn] (or color) in head hair, eyebrows, or eyelashes. It can give rise to a "Mallen Streak" that can be hereditary. Catherine Cookson wrote a novel and later a TV series called The Mallen Streak, where a family had the condition有这种情况. Sports presenter Dickie Davies and runner Sam Brown were famous for this feature. This condition can cause white patches (singular or multiple - usually single) on the hair. Most people confuse these white patches as simple birth marks. albino [ælˈbi:nəu] 白化病人 Albinism 白化病 albinoid白癜风 ) says or posts something that really feels like a sucker punch(A sucker punch or suckerpunch is a blow made without warning. Easily confused with a punch defined as a "bitch move" a true sucker punch is quite a bit more complex than a simple unanounced attack. It primarily involves a closed fist contacting the soft underbelly of a person (beneath the rib cage) at a high velocity, causing the ensuing force to press upward on the victim's diaphram, leading to a sudden expulsion of air from the victim's mouth and lungs. This opening blow leaves the victim open to various other attacks, often leading to what would be called "bitch moves" because of the defenseless nature of the victim. John sucker punched David, and then he nutted him while he lay gasping for breath. ). (no doubt unintentionally) I take the time to tell them. I used to do it publicly, but that's dickish. And I'm trying to not be a dick about the things I don't like( be a dick about sth惹人讨厌 dickish", "dickishness": a stupid or contemptible man. an arrogant jerk who is horrible to the people around him (the dick is almost exclusively male, probably because of the derivation) either on purpose or because of a self-centered obliviousness. The word sometimes has a grudging undertone of reluctant admiration for just how horrible the person is. being a dick: conducting oneself in an inappropriate manner to the annoyance of others. Intentionally driving a dump truck in a reckless manner is being a dick. It's also an insulting thing to call someone you don't like, especially a boy or man. Drink, Or Don't: Just Don't Be a Dick About It. Finally, Andreessen attributes society's distaste for disruption to an attitude of "presumptuousness" or "arrogance" coming from many in the tech world. In other words, be disruptive, but don't be a dick about it. On the one hand, nobody wants to be a dick. On the other hand, dicks are everywhere! They cut in line插队, 加塞, talk behind our backs背后说话话, recline into our seats, and even have the power to morph into trolls online(morph 变身, 蜕变, 化身 to gradually change one image into another using computer technology, or to be changed in this way. To transform (an image) by computer: cinematic special effects that morphed the villain into a snake. II. to transform or be transformed completely in appearance or character. to be transformed: morphing from a tough negotiator to Mr. Friendly. he morphed from nerd into pop icon. ). Their powers are impressive, but with a little foresight and thoughtfulness, we can take a stand against dickishness today. Don't be a jerk混蛋, 浑球. This is a corollary of ignore all rules, and most behavioural rules are special cases of this one. "Don't be a jerk" is a fundamental rule of all social spaces. Every other policy for getting along with others与别人相处的好 is a special case of this rule. Although nobody is expected to ban or block somebody for jerkitude (as that itself would be an instance of such), it's still a bad idea to be a jerk. So don't be one. If a significant number 大量 of reasonable讲道理的人 people suggest, whether bluntly or politely, that you are being one, the odds are good that you are not entirely in the right. Being right about an issue does not mean you're behaving properly! Jerks are often right — but they're still jerks. If there's something in what they say that's worth hearing, it goes unheard because没有人会听 no one likes listening to them. It doesn't matter how right they are. This is not the same as just being uncivil or impolite (though incivility and rudeness often accompany it). One can be perfectly civil and follow every rule of etiquette and still be wrong. Standard moves, for example, include such things as willfully (but politely) drawing attention to minor errors in spelling or grammar of an interlocutor's comments, disregarding the Chomskian distinction between language competence and language performance. Truly being civil and polite means that you show respect for others (such as in not needlessly不必要的 pointing out grammar issues), even when right. Coping with accusations of jerkitude: If you've been labeled a jerk, especially if you have been told this by several people in a particular community, it might be wise to consider the possibility that the accusations hold at least some measure of truth有一定程度的真实性. If you suspect that you may have a problem, the first step is to become aware of it. Ask yourself what behaviours might be causing this perception看法, and if you can't work it out, politely ask those that perceive it to explain or clarify. Once you have determined which behaviours are causing the problem, try changing them and your mode of presentation. In particular, identify the harsh manners in your communications and replace them with softer ones. Honestly examine your motivations. Are you here to contribute and make the project good? Or is your goal really to find fault, get your views across, or be the one in control? Perhaps secretly inside you even enjoy the thrill of a little confrontation. This may not make you a bad person, but to everyone who is busily trying to build something great, you become an impediment. People get frustrated, rancour ( rancor = rancour [ˈræŋkər] a feeling of hate or anger that continues for a long time. ) ensues, the atmosphere changes, and the whole project suffers遭殃. Are you here to give, or to take? Telling someone "don't be a jerk" is generally wrong — especially if it's true. It upsets the other person and reduces the chance that they'll listen to what you say.). 8. showman [ˈʃoumən] 爱出风头的, 爱引人注意的. 喜欢被瞩目的, 天生艺人 someone such as an entertainer or politician who does things in a lively and enthusiastic way that attracts attention. We are like your weird aunties and uncles pressure you to get married. Murdering snake, deadly snake. Now before releasing a album, we need to build the intrigue (阴谋. a secret plan to harm or cheat someone, or the process of making such a plan. This movie has everything: passion, intrigue, and humor. political intrigues. v. [transitive] to make someone very interested in knowing more about something, especially something that seems mysterious. That old house has always intrigued me. II. [intransitive] literary to plan secretly, especially in order to harm or cheat someone. ) over month and month. The landscape of music is changing so rapidly. If u refuse to change with the industry, the industry will change without you. You don't get left behind被抛下, 被落下, you are leading it, you are killing it. Don't try to court me straight away, we need to have it take its course(take its course to continue along its way; [for a disease] to progress the way it normally progresses until it is cured naturally. There is really no good medicine for this. This disease simply has to take its course. let nature take its course 顺其自然 To permit events to proceed or a situation to develop without intervention or interference. to allow someone or something to live or die naturally. By this stage, her illness was so severe that the doctors agreed to let nature take its course rather than prolong her suffering. We plant the seeds in springtime and then just let nature take its course. run its course [for something] to continue through its cycle of existence, especially a disease.  if something runs its course, it continues naturally until it has finished. to develop and finish naturally: The doctor's advice is to let the fever run its course. I had to accept that the relationship had run its course. Many people believe that feminism has run its course. The doctor insisted I rest for a few days while the infection ran its course. Sorry. There is no medicine for it. It will just have to run its course. benign neglect (set phrase, often politics or public policy) A policy or strategy of deliberately taking no action concerning an issue, challenging situation, or other problem in the belief that this course will ultimately result in the best outcome possible. Etymology: Reportedly coined in 1969 by Daniel Patrick Moynihan, adviser to US President Richard Nixon, who recommended this policy with respect to the issue of US racial strife. let sleeping dogs lie (idiomatic) To leave things as they are; especially, to avoid restarting or rekindling an old argument; to leave disagreements in the past. Eventually, they decided it would be best to let sleeping dogs lie and not discuss the matter any further. Usage notes: This verb functions as a proverb when used in the imperative mood.). 9. A syndicate is a self-organizing group of individuals, companies, corporations or entities formed to transact some specific business, to pursue or promote a shared interest. In most cases formed groups aim to scale up their profits. Although there are many legal syndicates formed around the world, the usage of the term "the syndicate" in colloquial English often refers to one involved in illegal activities. The term is also associated with anarchist theory, specifically anarcho-syndicalism, in which it forms an alternative to both the nation state and capitalist corporations. A militia 民兵 [mɨˈlɪʃə] generally is an army or other fighting force that is composed of non-professional fighters; citizens of a nation or subjects of a state or government that can be called upon to enter a combat situation, as opposed to a professional force of regular, full-time military personnel, or historically, members of the fighting nobility class (e.g., knights or samurai). However, beginning as early as the late 20th century, some militias (particularly officially recognized and sanctioned militias of a government) may be considered professional forces, while still maintaining their status as a "part-time" or "on-call" organization. For instance, the members of the various Army and Air National Guard units of the United States are considered professional soldiers and airmen, respectively. These soldiers and airmen are trained to maintain, and do maintain, exactly the same standards as their "full-time" (active duty) counterparts. Therefore, these professional militia men and women of the National Guard of the United States are colloquially known as "citizen-soldiers" or "citizen-airmen". The historical view is when three or more citizens gather together in the common defense of their country or state, they then become a militia. 10. Living a life on your own term过自己的生活, 过自己想要的生活: The $100 Startup, by Chris Guillebeau, takes you from knowing nothing about business, to making a living on your own, regardless of your skills, how much money you have, or how old you are. Living a life on your own terms is not possible if you do not take control of the one thing that you will be spending the most of your time on. To take control means to take action and make a choice. You have a choice to either work really hard and do what you love, or take it easy and float through life like a fat man in a raft on the lazy river. You are not a victim of circumstance(A victim of circumstance 造化弄人, 命运的输家, 生不逢时 is an individual who suffers ill consequences because of factors that were out of his control. Someone can be said to be such a victim if, during the course of her everyday life, she encounters a situation without seeking it out that causes her harm. The phrase is often used to describe someone who is an object of pity because others recognize that he shares no blame for his situation and that his current plight was caused by the laws of nature or the actions, intentional or unintentional, of other people.) and you are not a helpless bystander 无助的旁观者, 帮不上忙的 in your life. You have no master没有人能主宰你 and you are not at the mercy of your instincts like a common dog. You are a person. You are a human being with potential and intellect and the wonderful ability to use your mind to make choices. You have the right to live the kind of life that will leave you proud and peaceful 安心 in your deathbed. 11. 帅哥的葬礼: And the funeral of Daniel Decu, 24, which was attended by many of his lovers when he was buried this week turned into an angry shouting match when it was revealed he had contracted HIV. Although he was registered as living with the condition it only became known to the public when an autopsy was carried out and a coroner's report published. Young women in a Romanian village have been thrown into a state of panic after it was revealed that a local Casanova had died of Aids.

 天主教的努力: The bishops failed to approve even a watered-down 注水的 section on ministering to homosexuals that stripped away the welcoming tone 欢迎的调子 of acceptance contained in a draft document earlier in the week. The Boston-based DignityUSA organization said in a statement late Saturday: "Unfortunately, today, doctrine won out over pastoral need. It is disappointing that those who recognized the need for a more inclusive包容的 Church were defeated." Catholic gay rights groups have reacted with disappointment to bishops scrapping their landmark welcome to gays this weekend, a move that showed deep divisions严重分歧 at the end of a two-week meeting sought by Pope Francis to chart a more merciful approach to ministering to Catholic families. Rather than considering gays as individuals who had gifts to offer the church, the revised paragraph referred to homosexuality as one of the problems Catholic families have to confront. It said "people with homosexual tendencies must be welcomed with respect and delicacy小心翼翼," but repeated church teaching that marriage is only between man and woman. The paragraph failed to reach the two-thirds majority needed to pass. Another group, The New Ways Ministry, echoed DignityUSA's choice of words in saying it was "very disappointed" that what it called "the gracious welcome to lesbian and gay people" had not made the final report. However, the organization added that the synod, by even discussing the issue, had provided "hope for further development down the road." Two other paragraphs concerning the other hot-button issue棘手问题, 烫手山芋 at the synod of bishops — whether divorced and civilly remarried Catholics can receive Communion — also failed to pass. The outcome showed a deeply divided church on some of the most pressing issues facing Catholic families. It appeared that the 118-62 vote on the gay section might have been a protest vote抗议投票 by progressive bishops进步主教 who refused to back the watered-down wording注水的措辞. The original draft had said gays had gifts to offer the church and that their partnerships, while morally problematic, provided gay couples with "precious" support. New Ways Ministry, a Catholic gay rights group, said it was "very disappointing" that the final report had backtracked from the welcoming words contained in the draft. Nevertheless, it said the synod's process "and openness to discussion provides hope for further development down the road, particularly at next year's synod, where the makeup组成 of the participants will be larger and more diverse, including many more pastorally-oriented bishops." The draft had been written by a Francis appointee, Monsignor Bruno Forte, a theologian known for pushing the pastoral envelope on ministering to people in "irregular" unions. The draft was supposed to have been a synopsis of the bishops' interventions, but many conservatives complained that it reflected a minority and overly progressive view.