用法学习: 1. stovepipe verb. transmit (information) directly through levels of a hierarchy. "they stovepiped lies 层层上传 straight up to the White House". The Department of State's response to these incidents was characterized 被总结为 by a lack of senior leadership, ineffective communication, and systemic disorganization," the report found, with no senior official in charge and activity "stove-piped and largely ad hoc"( ad hoc 随需随建的 when necessary or needed. "the group was constituted ad hoc". adj. created or done for a particular purpose as necessary. "the discussions were on an ad hoc basis". ). Stovepiping (also stove piping) is a metaphorical term which recalls a stovepipe's function as an isolated vertical conduit, and has been used, in the context of intelligence, to describe several ways in which raw intelligence information may be presented without proper context. It is a system created to solve a specific problem. The lack of context may be due to the specialized nature, or security requirements, of a particular intelligence collection technology. It also has limited focus and data within is not easily shared. Alternatively, the lack of context may come from a particular group, in the national policy structure, selectively presenting only that information that supports certain conclusions. The term is typically used in the health care system. An example would be how money funded for research is not evenly allocated, but instead goes toward one specific ailment remedy. 3. Big Bang Theory: Beverley: Please, I am very hungover and in no mood to satisfy your need for approval. Sheldon, I do hope you'll forgive me for my inappropriate behaviour last night. Sheldon: I don't blame you. You were intoxicated. Penny: I blame Penny, too. Bad Penny. Leonard: Wait a minute, what are you talking about? What inappropriate behaviour? Beverley: I think it's best that you not know. And I want you to take very good care of this young woman. Penny: Oh, thank you, Beverly. Beverley: You're welcome. She doesn't have much in the way of career prospects 在事业方面, don't make her responsible for her own orgasms as well. Leonard: Mother, remember when I was complaining that you don't communicate with me enough? Beverley: Yes, dear. Leonard: I'm over it. lightning conductor = lightning rod I. a metal rod or wire fixed to an exposed part of a building or other tall structure to divert lightning harmlessly into the ground. II. 导雷针. 泄恨. 泄愤. 发泄的途径. a person or thing that attracts criticism, especially in order to divert attention from more serious issues or allow a more important public figure to appear blameless. Eddie McGuire: "People have latched on to my opening line last week, and as a result, I have become a lightning rod for vitriol but have placed the club in a position where it is hard to move forward with our plans.". bugbear = bugaboo 最大的害怕 Something or someone that is your bugbear worries or upsets you. Money is my biggest bugbear. Germany was always a bugbear for France. incendiary I. Incendiary weapons or attacks are ones that cause large fires. Five incendiary devices were found in her house. ...incendiary attacks on shops. II. designed to cause fires: an incendiary bomb/device. II. likely to cause anger or violence incendiary statements. The government recently asked Twitter to block hundreds of accounts and posts that it says have been spreading misinformation and provocative content linked to farmers who have been protesting agricultural laws since November on the outskirts of New Delhi. India's Supreme Court has asked for the government and Twitter's response to a petition seeking a mechanism to check fake news, hate messages and what officials consider seditious and incendiary content on social media platforms. noun. An incendiary is an incendiary bomb 燃烧弹. A shower of incendiaries struck the Opera House. 4. BBC在中国被禁后发布的声明: "The BBC is the world's most trusted international news broadcaster and reports on stories from around the world fairly, impartially (truthfully) 公平公正的 and without fear or favour." Risk–benefit ratio 损益率 A risk–benefit ratio is the ratio of the risk of an action to its potential benefits. Risk–benefit analysis is analysis that seeks to quantify the risk and benefits and hence their ratio. Analyzing a risk can be heavily dependent on the human factor. rib (one) 逗我, 开我玩笑, 嘲笑, 笑话 To tease, fool, or joke with one. I'm just ribbing you, Tom—I'm not upset at all! I thought you were being serious; don't rib me like that! I didn't mean any harm. It was just a little rib. Please don't rib me any more tonight. I’ve had it. If you rib someone about something, you tease them about it in a friendly way. The guys in my local pub used to rib me about drinking 'girly' drinks. Leonard: Sheldon, dinner's here. Sheldon: Tandoori Palace? Leonard: No, we went somewhere new. Sheldon: You're good-naturedly ribbing me 和我开善意的玩笑, aren't you? Leonard: No, look, Mumbai Palace. good-natured 友好的, 不容易生气的, 脾气好的, 好脾气的, 不爱生气的(good-faith 诚意) kind and friendly, and not easily annoyed. A good-natured person or animal is naturally friendly and does not get angry easily. Bates looks like a good-natured lad. He was good natured about it, he didn't fuss. having an easygoing and cheerful disposition. of a pleasant and cooperative disposition. "too good-natured to resent a little criticism". "the good-natured policeman on our block". "the sounds of good-natured play". amiable, good-natured, obliging, complaisant mean having the desire or disposition to please. amiable 友善的, 好打交道的 implies having qualities that make one liked and easy to deal with. an amiable teacher not easily annoyed. good-natured 善良的, 心地好的 implies cheerfulness or helpfulness and sometimes a willingness to be imposed upon. a good-natured girl who was always willing to pitch in. obliging 乐于助人的 stresses a friendly readiness to be helpful. If you describe someone as obliging, you think that they are willing and eager to be helpful. He is an extremely pleasant and obliging man. He swung round and strode towards the door. Benedict obligingly held it open. our obliging innkeeper found us a bigger room. sycophant [ˈsɪkəfənt] 哈巴狗, 舔狗 an insulting word for someone who praises rich or powerful people in order to gain an advantage. A sycophant is a person who behaves in a sycophantic way. ...a dictator surrounded by sycophants, frightened to tell him what he may not like. sycophantic [ˌsɪkəˈfantɪk] behaving or done in an obsequious way in order to gain advantage. "a sycophantic interview". complaisant [kəm'pleɪzənt] 巴结型的, 讨好型的, 讨好人格的 (pleasing personality) tending to try to please other people. often implies passivity or a yielding to others because of weakness. If you are complaisant, you are willing to accept what other people are doing without complaining. to close one's eyes like a complaisant husband 睁一只眼闭一只眼的 whose wife has taken a lover. Eric shouldn't be too complaisant -- he should care more about himself. was too complaisant to protest a decision he thought unfair. vocabulary: If only the world were populated entirely with complaisant people! Complaisant means willing to do something to please others, and complaisant people or animals are wonderful to be around. Don't confuse complaisant with its near-homonym complacent. Both derive from the Latin complacere "to please," but while complaisant means willing to do something to please another, complacent [kəmˈpleɪs(ə)nt] 自视甚高的, 骄傲自大的, 洋洋自得的, 志得意满的 means smug and self-satisfied, something that you want to avoid when you're on the winning team. accommodating 好说话的, 乐于助人的(helpful and easy to work with. I found the staff accommodating and knowledgeable. We expected a more accommodating attitude during discussions.) If you are part of a group that has accommodating members, you're very fortunate. Accommodating describes those who are easy to get along with and willing to help you. Accommodating is the adjective form of the verb accommodate, and it's used to describe those who are cheerfully willing to make small adjustments to help you out. The waiter who is happy to serve the dressing on the side, give you extra cheese on the burger, and swap French fries for mashed potatoes, all because that's how you want it? Definitely accommodating. accommodative I. willing to fit in with someone's wishes or needs. "she was understanding, patient, accommodative, and always had a solution to all problems". II. intended to stimulate economic activity by lowering interest rates. "that monetary policy is extraordinarily accommodative". obliging [əˈblaɪdʒɪŋ] 让干什么就干什么的 willing to help someone. If you describe someone as obliging, you think that they are willing and eager to be helpful. He is an extremely pleasant and obliging man. An obliging bellboy carried our bags to our room. Big Bang Theory: Sheldon: Of course I'm right What are the odds I'd be wrong twice in one week? Penny: No, I mean, we can always go back to being friends. Sheldon: I just said that. This conversation has started to circle 绕回去了, 兜圈圈, 绕圈子. vantage point [ˈvæntɪdʒ ˌpɔɪnt] I. a position from which you can see things well. A vantage point is a place from which you can see a lot of things. From a concealed vantage point, he saw a car arrive. The warden took us to a vantage point where we saw gulls on the rocks below. II. the particular ideas or beliefs that influence the way that you think about things The war is described from the vantage point of those on the winning side. If you view a situation from a particular vantage point, you have a clear understanding of it because of the particular period of time you are in. From today's vantage point 视角, 角度, the 1987 crash seems just a blip in the upward progress of the market. How easy it is to see things clearly from the vantage point of experience.
I feel like a criminal: Traveller says he told authorities about nebuliser ( nebulizer [ˈnɛbjʊlʌɪzə] a device for producing a fine spray of liquid, used for example for inhaling 吸入 a medicinal drug. a device for converting a drug in liquid form into a mist or fine spray which is inhaled through a mask to provide medication for the respiratory system. convert (a liquid) to a fine spray, especially for inhalation of a medicinal drug. "the solution is nebulized and inhaled via a face mask". "he needs to use a nebulizer to get drugs and oxygen to his lungs". In medicine, a nebulizer (American English) or nebuliser (British English) is a drug delivery device used to administer medication in the form of a mist inhaled into the lungs. Nebulizers are commonly used for the treatment of asthma, cystic fibrosis, COPD and other respiratory diseases or disorders.) - A returned traveller blamed for spreading coronavirus through the Holiday Inn says he was repeatedly given permission to use the medical device. Speaking to The Age from his bed in a Melbourne intensive care ward, the 38-year-old Victorian man said he declared his nebuliser to hotel quarantine staff, who also offered to source more Ventolin, the medication administered by the machine. The chronic asthma sufferer, who asked for his name not to be published to protect his family, said he had been left feeling like a criminal after reading media reports about the outbreak. The man had not tested positive to coronavirus when he used the nebuliser at the Holiday Inn Melbourne Airport. He said his partner "had borne the brunt of the backlash" while caring for their three-month-old daughter. Both of them were also infected with the virus. On Friday, Premier Daniel Andrews defended the state's hotel quarantine program after questions were again raised over how the nebuliser, not permitted in hotel quarantine, made its way into the Holiday Inn undetected. At a press conference, the Premier was adamant the nebuliser was never declared by the returned traveller. "Short of 就差没有 barging 闯进, 破门而入 into people's rooms multiple times a day – which, again, I think might well produce a pretty big infection control risk itself – you have got to rely on people's judgment," Mr Andrews said. "Those machines are not allowed, that was clearly communicated 说得很清楚了, but if you are inviting me to have a crack at a bloke who is on a machine to breathe at the moment in an ICU I'm just not doing that." "They suggested that I used [an asthmatic] spacer ( A spacer is a device used to increase the ease of administering aerosolized medication from a metered-dose inhaler. It adds space in the form of a tube or "chamber" between the mouth and canister of medication. ) instead and provided me with one," he said. "That helped me a lot before I was taken to hospital." Vaporiser machines, including sleep apnoea machines, are banned from standard quarantine hotels. The medical device is also believed to have fuelled serious coronavirus outbreaks in Victorian hospitals during the second wave. It is suspected the use of the nebuliser, which turns liquid medications into a fine mist that can be inhaled, caused fine aerosolised ( aerosol [ˈerəˌsɑl] I. a container in which a liquid such as paint or perfume is kept under high pressure so that it can be sprayed (=forced out in very small drops). an aerosol can/spray. II. chemistry a mixture of particles and the liquid or gas they are suspended in, that can spread through the air. In these environments, aerosols and droplets from sneezing may be infectious. Atmospheric aerosol particles play a crucial role in several atmospheric processes and are known to cause negative effects on human health. ) particles carrying coronavirus to be suspended in the air and spread the virus throughout the hotel.
The Rapid Rise And Awkward Fall Of Katy Perry: The pop music zeitgeist 风标, 风向标, 大本营 ([ˈzaɪtˌɡaɪst] the ideas, beliefs, and interests that are typical of most people during a particular time in history and are expressed in the culture of that time. The zeitgeist of a particular place during a particular period in history is the attitudes and ideas that are generally common there at that time, especially the attitudes and ideas shown in literature, philosophy, and politics. He has caught the zeitgeist of rural life in the 1980s very well indeed. ) shifts constantly and quickly. As the wheel turns( the wheel turns 时光流转 Time moves forward; circumstances change; life continues.), artists come and go. It's the nature of the genre. It is, however, uncommon for a megastar to be dethroned so quickly and publicly. Perry wasn't a one-hit wonder or a fad 风行一时的, 一阵风, 流行风. She was, for a moment, the popstar. By decade's end, she was named the eighth highest-selling artist of the decade by Billboard, buoyed mostly by her performance in the early 2010s. The second half of the decade was spent in a popularity spiral. Perry's fall from the top reveals far more than just fading 削弱的, 减弱的(dwindling) star power. It sheds light on the changing nature of 天天在变的本质 the genre and industry she plays in. A genre that has redefined its stars as it's increasingly infiltrated by new sounds and technologies on top of politics and activism. Prism was the sixth best-selling album in the world while the accompanying Prismatic tour was the second highest-grossing tour in North America in 2014 and the 25th highest-grossing tour of all time. Perry's reign continued, but the Teenage Dream hype was visibly 肉眼可见的速度 fading 快速消散. The album failed to launch another top 20 single and suddenly Perry was running into criticism over tone-deaf gaffes: The video for 'This Is How We Do', which featured her wearing braids, led to her being accused of cultural appropriation. At the American Music Awards, she performed 'Unconditionally' dressed as a Geisha, once again drawing ire 引发众怒. It's not like Perry was the first to do any of this. Gwen Stefani's portrayal of Harajuku Girls and Frida Kahlo among many other things comes immediately to mind 立刻想到的. At the time, however, she went largely uncriticised in the mainstream media. And it's not like Perry hadn't flirted with cultural sketchy territory before — although previously, she'd largely gotten away with it. When Rita Ora sang about kissing girls on 2018 single 'Girls', the song was quickly labelled problematic and tone-deaf. Fellow popstar Hayley Kiyoko was scathing, saying it "[fuelled] the male gaze while marginalizing 边缘化 the idea of women loving women." The culture had shifted markedly — behaviour that once went unnoticed was rightfully being called into question, and that caught Perry unaware ( catch/take sb unawares If something catches you unawares or takes you unawares, it happens when you are not expecting it. Many were caught unawares by the health secretary's announcement. The suspect was taken unawares, without the chance to dispose of the evidence. unawares adv. suddenly and unexpectedly without any warning: The overnight invasion took the military experts unawares. The government was obviously caught unawares by (= was not expecting) the criticism. ). Her music was a fantastical escape from reality 逃避现实 ( fantastic [fænˈtæstɪk] I. informal extremely good or pleasant. It's a fantastic view from up here, isn't it? You've done a fantastic job. He looked absolutely fantastic. "We're having another baby." "Fantastic!" II. informal extremely large. You've all put in a fantastic amount of work. III. formal not practical or sensible. Where do they get these fantastic ideas? IV. fantastic or fantastical mainly literary strange or imaginary. fantastic 假想中的 creatures/stories/tales. ) or an uplifting power-punch. Conservative fans feel attacked, progressive onlookers feel it opens you up to greater scope for criticism. It wasn't her politics that affected those brand endorsements as much as her antics. Her Myer ad drew criticism from animal rights foundations after she said to her dog Nugget, "let's go chase some koalas," forcing Myer to amend the ad. And that's a low-ranker on the list of Witness-era blunders. The lead-up to the album was wrought with problematic behaviour. Her music wasn't a hard turn away from what was happening on radio. She wasn't ahead of the curve but she was at least on it. It was her antics that exacerbated her shortcomings. Still, 2018 finally brought a win for her. 'Never Really Over', produced by Zedd, was a shimmering 暗暗发光的, 微微发光的 ( to reflect a gentle light that seems to shake slightly. The desert landscape shimmered in the midday heat.), euphoric 快乐的, 高兴的 ( [juˈfɔrɪk] feeling extremely happy, usually for a short time only. If you are euphoric, you feel intense happiness and excitement. It had received euphoric support from the public. ) song. One that let Perry's vocals fly and her personality shine through. It was a reminder of what made Perry so appealing in the first place — straight-forward, hooky music that put the wind in your sails. It was her best performing single since 'Chained To The Rhythm' peaking at 15 in the US but it wasn't enough to put her back on top. Stylistically, it suited the pop mode of 2020, sitting with the likes of Dua Lipa and Gaga as a euphoric dance record. But these songs, while perfectly fine, lacked the sting 不够劲, 不够冲击力, 缺力道, 缺那一下, 缺冲击力, 缺那么点劲 or charisma that she used to bring to the table. She could once tackle a pointy lyric like "I wanna see your peacock" and get away with, even make it funny. Smile felt sanded down ( sand down I. To make the surface of some object smooth or devoid of something with an abrasive material, especially sandpaper. The carving could give you splinters if you don't sand down the edges 磨平, 挫平. I need to sand this old table down before I can apply a new coat of paint on it, or the old color will keep peeking through. II. To remove something from the surface of some object with an abrasive material, especially sandpaper. I want to sand down the notches the previous owner made into this bannister. We should be able to sand those down to where you won't even notice them.). A safe move as to not sink the career any further. Almost every major popstar this millennium has had a moment where their music wasn't on-trend. Public opinion turned against Swift during reputation, the reaction to Mariah Carey's early ‘00s output was lukewarm, and even Beyonce's 4 failed to keep up at radio. At that point, you have two choices as a popstar — hunt for relevancy or make what comes naturally to you. Perry chose the former and came unstuck. She inserted vague wokeness into her songs as cancel culture infiltrated pop, tacked on rap features as hip-hop became the dominant commercial genre, and worked with producers who may have been able to find her credibility. Her authenticity was questioned and the internet poked holes in her character. If you're visibly chasing the charts and the music isn't resonating, audiences dig deeper to find the source of the inauthenticity. Instead of removing herself from the race altogether and making exactly what she wants to make, she's competing with new popstars who are organically meeting the moment. They're not changing themselves for the mainstream because they are the mainstream. For now, at least. It was, perhaps unintentionally, the start of the dance-pop revival and it encapsulates 包含, 含有 everything that's great about Perry: sweeping, escapist pop music with a subtle injection of self-empowerment and silliness, in equal measure. Smile's failure might suggest that Perry now represents an escapist time in pop music far gone but the success of Lipa's Future Nostalgia proves there's still an appetite for it when it feels right. Perry could take her eye off what's popular and focus on exactly what she wants to make. In the case of Carly Rae Jepsen, for example, dwindling success in the mainstream liberated her, allowing her to explore and triumph with a sound far removed from the charts. It was always going to be hard for Perry to come back down to earth after captaining a journey to another world for so long. If she's ready to take flight again, we'll gladly hop aboard, regardless of how many people are joining.
US botched initial response to diplomats' brain injuries in Cuba: Declassified report: But to ensure the issue of health attacks receives top billing 最高优先级, Secretary of State Antony Blinken just this week "elevated" the official coordinating the U.S. government response to a "senior level position," a State Department spokesperson told ABC News. Prior to the task force, the failure to designate 指派, 委任 an "official at the Under-Secretary level to manage the response" was the "single most significant deficiency 过失, 失误( I. a lack of something that your body needs. anaemia caused by iron deficiency. II. a fault in someone or something that makes them not good enough. problems caused by deficiencies in the maintenance programme. ) in the Department's response," the ARB said, citing as well the confusion over who was authorized to act 管事, 负责 given that Trump left so many top posts vacant at the department. Tillerson was accused during his one-year tenure of siloing ( silo [ˈsʌɪləʊ] 筒仓 verb. 各自为政. isolate (one system, process, department, etc.) from others. "most companies have expensive IT systems they have developed over the years, but they are siloed". silo mentality 帮派政治, 派别政治, 派系斗争, 各自为政, 互不沟通, 部门间互不往来 an attitude within an organization when the different sections or departments do not share information properly because they do not want to share success with others, with the result that the organization is not efficient. Members of a corporation's financial staffs are in a unique position to battle silo mentality, tunnel vision or tribalism (other synonyms for the same affliction), wherever it appears. ) himself on the building's seventh floor with a small coterie ( [ˈkəʊtəri] 同伙, 小帮派, 一小伙 a small group of people who do things together. A coterie of a particular kind is a small group of people who are close friends or have a common interest, and who do not want other people to join them. The songs he recorded were written by a small coterie of dedicated writers. ) of advisers. In December 2017 he visited Moscow, but not undercover. He wanted to use a regular "liaison" meeting between Russian and US spies to see the country for himself. He was not there, he insists, for any clandestine activity. The Russians had not been keen on him coming, but acquiesced (acquiesce [ˌakwɪˈɛs] 屈服, 无奈接受, 被迫接纳 accept something reluctantly but without protest. If you acquiesce in something, you agree to do what someone wants or to accept what they do even though you may not agree with it. Steve seemed to acquiesce in the decision. He has gradually acquiesced to the demands of the opposition. When her mother suggested that she stay, Alice willingly acquiesced. "Sara acquiesced in his decision".). The report did not conclude whether the pulse was deployed as a weapon or who was behind the attacks, he told the BBC, because that was beyond the committee's remit [rɪˈmɪt] (个人的) 工作范围, 职责范围(Someone's remit is the area of activity which they are expected to deal with, or which they have authority to deal with. The oversight board has a narrow remit 工作范围, 职能范围: it only reviews whether "decisions were made in accordance with Facebook's stated values and policies", and not what those values or policies should be. Presiding Coroner John Hutton made 13 recommendations as a result of the inquest, and Peter and his assistant went beyond the remit of their office to spread the inquest's findings. That issue is not within the remit of the working group. The centre has a remit to advise Asian businesses and entrepreneurs. verb. I. If you remit money to someone, you send it to them. Many immigrants regularly remit money to their families. II. 退回重审. 打回重审. In an appeal court, if a case is remitted to the court where it was originally dealt with, it is sent back to be dealt with there. The matter was remitted to the justices for a rehearing. purview [ˈpɜrvju] (组织, 单位或影响的) 本职工作, 职能范围, 工作范畴, 工作范围. 责任范围. 影响力范围, 范畴, 负责范围, 工作领域, 影响领域, 影响范围, 经营范围 the area of responsibility or influence that a person or organization has. The purview of something such as an organization or activity is the range of things it deals with. That, however, was beyond the purview of the court; it was a diplomatic matter. Raising the funds is outside the purview of this committee. realm [relm] I. An abstract sphere of influence, real or imagined. Pink sang live hanging off the side of a building while Selena put on a performance by lip syncing. Why are these two even in the same REALM 同一时空? II. (fantasy, role-playing games) An otherworldly dimension or domain — magical, ethereal, or otherwise — usually in reference to one ruled or created by a mystical character. peer of the realm a member of the class of peers who has the right to sit in the House of Lords. in the realm of dreams 在梦想统治的领域, meaning in the area, where the dreams rule. The way I hear this word most often is for exaggeration, especially when used in the negative. So I might say that an object is not even in the realm of $1000 or that something is not even in the realm of possibility. The reason this works with exaggeration is that realm conveys a large area. It also sounds so definite. beyond/within the realm[s] of possibility impossible/possible: It's not beyond the realm of possibility that some schools may have to cut sports altogether. "Do you think he could step down?" "I think it's within the realm of possibility, yes." Studies have suggested TTS affects four to six people per million vaccinations, or somewhere in the realm of one in every 200,000 people. confines [ˈkɑnˌfaɪnz] I. the borders or edges of a place. They spent most of their time within the confines of the school. II. the limits of something such as an activity or way of life. You can't really discuss politics within the confines of a novel. the wild grass and weeds that grew in the confines of 范围呢 the grandstand. away from the confines 禁锢 of the British class system. I can't stand the confines of this marriage. The movie is set entirely within the confines of the abandoned factory. within the confines of the classroom. bailiwick [ˈbeɪlɪwɪk] 知识领域 I. the area over which a bailiff has jurisdiction. II. a person's special field of interest, authority, or skill. vocabulary: A bailiwick is an area of knowledge in which a person or institution has control or expertise — as in "My bailiwick 研究领域, 擅长的领域 is international relations." There is a faintly old-fashioned, even pedantic air 意味( [pəˈdæntɪk] giving too much importance to details and formal rules, especially of grammar. ) to the term now, so use with caution. Bailiwick also can mean a geographical area over which someone or some body has legal or political control, though this is a less common meaning nowadays. It derives from the combination of the Old English term bailiff, meaning a local officer with certain powers, and wic, meaning a village. Britain's central criminal court, the famous Old Bailey, is so named because it lay on the ancient bailey or wall that defined the original City of London. confine [kənˈfaɪn] confines noun. [kɒnfaɪnz] I. usually passive to force someone to stay in a place and prevent them from leaving. If someone is confined to a mental institution, prison, or other place, they are sent there and are not allowed to leave for a period of time. The woman will be confined to a mental institution. He announced that the army and police had been confined to barracks. confine someone to something: Many prisoners are confined to their cells for long periods of time. a. to make someone stay in a place because they are too ill, weak, or disabled to leave. confine someone to something: Ill health kept him confined to his room. If you confine yourself or your activities to something, you do only that thing and are involved with nothing else. He did not confine himself to the one language. Yoko had largely confined her activities to the world of big business. His genius was not confined to 不局限于 the decoration of buildings. II. to prevent something dangerous from spreading. To confine something to a particular place or group means to prevent it from spreading beyond that place or group. Health officials have successfully confined the epidemic to the Tabatinga area. The U.S. will soon be taking steps to confine the conflict. confine something to something: They managed to confine 控制 the fire to the engine room. III. always passive if something is confined to one area or group of people, it happens only in that area or affects only that group of people. I like men a lot, and I have great male friends. But did I really need to travel 6,000 miles across the Atlantic to learn that being a complete dolt (A stupid person; a dunce.) is not confined to men in the UK? be confined to someone/something 仅限于: Before 1914 divorce was largely confined to the upper classes. The risk of infection is confined to relatively small groups. a. formal to keep an activity within particular limits. confine something to something: I shall attempt to confine 限定范围 the discussion to broad principles. unfettered 没有禁锢的, 没有禁忌的, 百无禁忌的, 随心所欲的, 没底线的. 没有限制的 ( [ʌnˈfetərd] without limits or controls. If you describe something as unfettered, you mean that it is not controlled or limited by anyone or anything. ...unfettered free trade. Unfettered by the bounds of reality, my imagination flourished. He demanded unfettered access to a new nuclear facility. fetter 被限制 verb If you say that you are fettered by something, you dislike it because it prevents you from behaving or moving in a free and natural way. [literary, disapproval] ...a private trust which would not be fettered by bureaucracy. The black mud fettered her movements. fetter 禁锢 束缚, noun I. You can use fetters to refer to things such as rules, traditions, or responsibilities that you dislike because they prevent you from behaving in the way you want. [literary, disapproval] ...the fetters of social convention. II. Especially in former times, fetters were chains for a prisoner's feet. He saw a boy in fetters in the dungeons. To hem/box/fence someone in 绑手绑脚, 不舒服, 不自由. 管着. 禁锢, 束缚手脚, 约束: To put someone in a tight and awkward situation; incapacitate someone. to limit someone's activity in a way that annoys them or makes them unhappy. to make someone feel that they cannot leave a place or do what they want Young mothers often feel fenced in at home. I feel fenced in by all the rules and regulations at work. Don't fence me in. Give me room to breathe. If you want to keep a girl, just have fun with her, give her no restrictions, don't box her in, don't demand anything of her, don't take anything too seriously. boxed in I. Unable to physically move from a certain spot due to being blocking by something. Well, I guess I'm not leaving yet because my car is boxed in. II. Restricted or feeling stuck due to one's limited options. Mom apparently had thrown away the box she had been keeping me in. I'm a very versatile performer, but I've been boxed in as a comedic actress by the studio. To put someone in a box 归类, 贴标签: Don't typecast people. Don't pigeonhole others. How would you like it if someone did that to you! People are allowed to wear what they want , and you shouldn't put people in a box. You saying that anyone who wears leather pants is gay is ignorant as hell. fence with (someone) 避重就轻, 不正面回答问题 Avoid answering directly, try to evade. In a conversation, to evade or avoid directly answering someone or something. Ever the sly spin doctor, the candidate was able to deftly fence with the journalist around questions of his dubious background. shackles 锁链 I. one of a pair of connected metal rings that can be locked onto the wrists or legs of a prisoner. II. mainly literary something that prevents you from doing what you want to do. restrictions to freedom. Sheldon: Amy, from time to time, we men need to break free from the shackles 禁锢 of civility and get in touch with our primal animalistic 兽性的 selves. unfettered from 摆脱束缚 the shackles 枷锁 of a job. to throw off the shackles of sth 丢掉枷锁, 摆脱束缚 to reject something or free oneself from it because it was preventing one from doing what one wanted to do. There are a few who have managed to throw off the shackles of the past. a country ready to throw off the shackles of its past.).
