用法学习: 1. belch verb. I. to allow air from the stomach to come out noisily through the mouth: He belched noisily. II. to produce a large amount of a substance such as gas or smoke, especially when this is unpleasant or harmful, or to be produced like this: The exhaust pipe belched out dense black smoke. The haze is caused mostly by sulphur dioxide belching from coal-burning power plants. If someone belches, they make a sudden noise in their throat because air has risen up from their stomach. Garland covered his mouth with his hand and belched discreetly. He drank and stifled a belch. III. If a machine or chimney belches something such as smoke or fire or if smoke or fire belches from it, large amounts of smoke or fire come from it. Tired old trucks were struggling up the road below us, belching black smoke. Suddenly, clouds of steam started to belch from the engine. The power-generation plant belched out five tonnes of ash an hour. ...the vast quantities of smoke belching out from the volcano. belt out 放歌高唱 to shout or sing something loudly, or to play something loudly on a musical instrument. If you belt out a song, you sing or play it very loudly. We shouldn't have opera singers belting out the national anthem before England matches. Mahalia Jackson belting out a gospel tune. 2. on the back foot at a disadvantage; outmanoeuvred or outclassed by an opponent. behind the eight ball in a difficult situation or in a worse situation than other people: If you don't get the investigation going right away, you put yourself behind the eight ball. Many families in this country are still behind the eight ball and do not enjoy the same standard of living that other people enjoy. be behind the times I. To behave in an outdated way. Of course grandpa doesn't have a cell phone—he's behind the times, as usual. II. To lack the latest information on a particular subject. Wait, Joe and Mara broke up? Wow, I'm behind the times! slump behind (someone or something) To droop, hunch, or collapse behind someone or something. The injured soldier slumped behind the small partition to avoid the gunfire. She came and slumped behind me on the ground, resting her head on my shoulder. slouch behind (someone or something) To droop or hunch behind someone or something, especially in an awkward or uncomfortable manner. The child slouched behind her parents nervously as they talked with her teacher about the incident. We all slouched behind the small partition to find a bit of shelter from the icy wind. stay/remain behind 留下来 To remain in some location from which one or more other people have departed. We'll need someone to stay behind to give Jeff and Tina their keys to the lodge. The rest of the group decided to go on a hike, but I stayed behind to read my book by the lake. 3. have on 闹我, 耍我, 搞我, 骗我, 开玩笑, 欺骗 informal try to make someone believe something that is untrue, especially as a joke. "that's just too neat—you're having me on" Are you having me on? to persuade someone that something is true when it is not, usually as a joke: That's your new car? You're having me on! outmaneuver [ˌaʊtməˈnuvər] 技高一筹, 智胜一筹 to defeat or gain an advantage over someone by being more clever or skillful than they are. If you outmanoeuvre someone, you gain an advantage over them in a particular situation by behaving in a clever and skilful way. He has shown once again that he's able to outmanoeuvre the military. Our team's hockey players were outmanoeuvred by the opposition. outfox [aʊtˈfɒks] 智胜, 智商碾压 verb informal defeat (someone) by being more clever or cunning than them. If you outfox someone, you defeat them in some way because you are cleverer than they are. to defeat or get an advantage over someone by using clever or dishonest methods. to defeat or get an advantage over someone by using smart or dishonest methods There is no greater thrill than to bluff a man, trap him and outfox him. "Holmes outfoxed criminals from the comfort of his armchair". behind the eight ball in a difficult situation or in a worse situation than other people: If
you don't get the investigation going right away, you put yourself
behind the eight ball. Many families in this country are still behind
the eight ball and do not enjoy the same standard of living that other
people enjoy. 4. putative [ˈpjutətɪv] 一般认为是的, 被认为是的, 据信是的 adj. If you describe someone or something as putative, you mean that they are generally thought to be the thing mentioned. believed to be something. Commonly believed or deemed to be the case; accepted by supposition rather than as a result of proof. ...a putative father. Movie - Joyride: No matter how hard the able cast work, this putative heartwarmer can never escape the far-fetched contrivance of its central conceit. frond [frɑnd] 棕榈树似得针状叶子 I. a large long leaf divided into many narrow sections. A frond is a long leaf which has an edge divided into lots of thin parts. ...palm fronds. fern/palm fronds. II. a long narrow piece of seaweed. 5. Somerton Man identified as Melbourne electrical engineer, researcher says: He said he had tracked down and spoken to Mr Webb's living relatives. "I have spoken to them, except they're all of a generation well below him and so none of them knew him and have no photos in their old family albums or in their garden sheds ( garden shed a small building for storing garden tools, bicycles, and other equipment. It is easy to imagine him being locked in his garden shed for hours on end with only a set of keyboards for company.), unfortunately. "I'm hoping, as his name gets out there, there will be somebody that will have an old photo album in a garden shed somewhere." Professor Abbott said after more than a decade on the case, the discovery felt like summitting 登顶 a mountain. "It kind of feels like climbing Mount Everest, and having that mixture of elation that you're at the top, but also tiredness and exhaustion," he said. 6. 土耳其通胀: Like many other shopkeepers in Turkey, Mr Dogan has for years sold his produce to locals on credit 赊账, keeping a hand-scrawled ledger 手写的记账本( scrawl [skrɔːl] write (something) in a hurried, careless way. "Charlie scrawled his signature". ledger [ˈledʒər] 账本, 记账簿 a book that contains the financial records of a business. A ledger is a book in which a company or organization writes down the amounts of money it spends and receives. ) where he records sales and money owed. Even his simple credit system is feeling the strain. Only that morning, a woman bought a watermelon, promising to repay him. "She said she will bring me the money, but she never did," he said wistfully ( 不无遗憾的 Someone who is wistful is rather sad because they want something and know that they cannot have it. I can't help feeling slightly wistful about the perks I'm giving up. He has a wistful look. 'I wish I had a little brother,' said Daphne wistfully. I sensed her wistfulness when she talked about vacations her relatives took.). "That watermelon was 50 liras." Trays of fruits including grapes, apples, stonefruit and melons are stacked together 堆在一起. Signs show 15/kilo. 7. have skin in the game 自己有参与, 自己有投资, 有既得利益, 关系自身利益 to be directly involved in or affected by something, especially financially. To have a personal investment, usually monetary, in the pursuit of some goal or achievement, especially in business and finance. If you want to find a company that is truly motivated to succeed, find one where all the executives have skin in the game. If people have skin in the game, preventable costs fall. A debate has been rumbling over how to ensure that lenders have more skin in the game. 7. dicey 略有危险的, 略有风险的 adj. [British, informal] involving danger or risk. Something that is dicey is slightly dangerous or uncertain. There was a dicey moment as one of our party made a risky climb up the cliff wall. Of uncertain, risky outcome. Of doubtful or uncertain efficacy, provenance, etc.; dodgy. Mokeypox emergency: People can spread the virus from the onset of symptoms until all the lesions ( lesion ['liːʒən] A lesion is an injury or wound to someone's body. ...skin lesions. ...a lesion of the spinal cord. a. an area of damaged skin. A more usual word is wound. b. a damaged part of an organ, such as the brain or the lungs. spinal lesions. ) have scabbed 结痂 and fallen off; with some evidence of spread for more than a week after lesions have crusted. Monkeypox is a viral infection that manifests 显现出来 a week or two after exposure with fever and other non-specific symptoms, and then produces a rash with lesions that usually last for 2-4 weeks before drying up, crusting 结痂 and falling off. wear thin 不再有效, 没有说服力 I. be gradually used up or become less convincing or acceptable. "his patience was wearing thin". II If your patience wears thin, you become less and less patient: I've warned you several times about being late and my patience is wearing thin 越来越没有耐心. III. If something such as a joke wears thin, it becomes boring or annoying or stops being funny or effective, because it has been seen, heard, or used too much. If you say that something is wearing thin, you mean that people do not find it funny or interesting any more and are becoming annoyed with it, because they have seen or heard it so many times. Some of Wilson's eccentricities are beginning to wear thin. Tony, the joke is beginning to wear thin 老套, 不好笑 now - it's time to stop. Her standard excuse for being late was beginning to wear thin. IV. If your patience or temper is wearing thin, you are becoming annoyed and are likely to get angry soon. He was sympathetic at first but his patience soon wore thin. 8. mohel [ˈmɔɛl] (犹太人的割包皮者) Judaism a man qualified to conduct circumcisions. The person who performs the circumcision in a Jewish bris. from here on (out) ( 不说: from now on out, 但可以说: 表现在的 from now on, from here on, from here on out. 以及表示过去的 from then on, from there on, from then on out, from there on out. ) US, informal from this time forward From here on out, I'm making all the decisions. out 表示结束和完结: From the second match on out, the team's performance has gotten better. The use of "on out" suggests something is completed, but the verb "has gotten" indicates the games are continuing. So those contradict each other. 同样的原因 from now on out 是不对的. 正确的例子: We're about to cross the desert. From here on out we will have to carry all the water we need. We will not be able to find any along the way. 9. sapiosexual [ˌseɪpɪəʊˈsɛkʃʊəl] adj (of a person) finding intelligence sexually attractive or arousing. "I met a PhD student from Germany who told me that he was sapiosexual". noun. a person who finds intelligence sexually attractive or arousing. someone who is sexually attracted by another person's intellect Are you set on fire by intelligence? You may be part of a special group of people called sapiosexuals. "I'm a sapiosexual and I like to talk". swifty noun. I. informal a drink, usually an alcoholic one, that you have quickly: We stopped in Covent Garden for a swifty 喝点小酒, 小酌几杯 and a snack. II. something that you do suddenly, without giving any warning that you are going to do it: If you're playing with people you don't know too well, they can pull a swifty 以迅雷不及掩耳之势耍花招, change the key of a song, and suddenly you're singing badly and you can't work out why. slang, mainly Australian 玩阴的. a trick, ruse, or deception. a deceptive trick. "they had hoped to pull a swifty" III. a person who acts or thinks quickly. "boy, are you a swifty". 10. have (got) someone's number 拿捏的死死的, 拿捏住了 informal I. to be able to deal with or defeat someone easily especially because one knows or understands that person so well She thinks she's got my number, but I'm going to prove her wrong. II. 看透. 看准. 看穿. to understand someone or realize the true purpose of their actions. to discover someone's true character or intentions I've got your number – don't think you can fool me. comeuppance [kʌmˈʌp(ə)ns] 受到了应有的惩罚 [informal, approval] a punishment or fate that someone deserves. a person's bad luck that is considered to be a fair and deserved punishment for something bad that they have done: "he got his comeuppance in the end". She'll get her comeuppance. If you say that someone has got their comeuppance, you approve of the fact that they have been punished or have suffered for something wrong that they have done. The central character is a bad man who shoots people and gets his comeuppance. 11. Nigel no friends (slang, derogatory) An individual who has few or no friends. A person that is without friends. That guy is such a Nigel No Friends. Billy no mates 孤家寡人 (Britain, slang) An individual who has few or no friends. someone with no friends. someone who has no friends I was left sitting on my own, looking like Billy no-mates. Some people opposing Brexit claimed that if the UK left the EU it would be Billy no mates. No-Mates (Britain, informal) A supposed surname for a friendless person. Jeff No-Mates spends his evenings on the computer instead of going down the pub. platitude [ˈplatɪtjuːd] [disapproval] a remark or statement, especially one with a moral content, that has been used too often to be interesting or thoughtful. A platitude is a statement which is considered meaningless and boring because it has been made many times before in similar situations. something that has been said so often that it is not interesting anymore and shows a lack of imagination. The conversation between the two leaders went beyond platitudes 客套话, 客气话, 老生常谈 and got into real issues. Why couldn't he say something original instead of spouting the same old platitudes? ...a stream of platitudes, outlining many problems but offering few solutions. "he masks his disdain for her with platitudes about how she should believe in herself more". 12. galvanize I. 镀锌 To coat with rust-resistant zinc. to galvanize steel. II. (figuratively) To shock or stimulate into sudden activity, as if by electric shock. To galvanize someone means to cause them to take action, for example by making them feel very excited, afraid, or angry. The aid appeal has galvanised the German business community. They have been galvanised into collective action–militarily, politically and economically. The girl's picture helped galvanize public opinion against the administration’s policy. Republicans are hoping a proposed gas-tax repeal will galvanize their voters. It was a very hard time for me. A lot of my hardest moments and moments of extreme grief or loss were galvanised into what my life looks like now. Big-game hunting 捕猎大型动物, 大型动物猎杀( recreation [ˌrekriˈeɪʃ(ə)n] I. uncountable things that you do to enjoy yourself. I play golf for recreation only. II. countable an activity that is done for enjoyment. Shopping is my main recreation. recreation [ˌrikriˈeɪʃ(ə)n] the process of making something exist again. ) is the hunting of large game animals for meat, commercially valuable by-products (such as horns/antlers, furs, tusks, bones, body fat/oil, or special organs and contents), trophy/taxidermy, or simply just for recreation ("sporting"). The term is often associated with the hunting of Africa's "Big Five" games (lion, African elephant, Cape buffalo, African leopard, and rhinoceros), and with tigers and rhinoceroses on the Indian subcontinent. 13. inordinate [ɪnˈɔrdɪnət] 多到夸张的, 大到夸张的 much more than you would usually expect: used for emphasizing how large something is or how much of something there is. If you describe something as inordinate, you are emphasizing that it is unusually or excessively great in amount or degree. They spend an inordinate amount of time talking. ...their inordinate number of pets. He is inordinately proud of his wife's achievements. It all took an inordinate amount of time. Celebrity excess ( 形容词, 名词意为保险门槛费时读[ˈekˌses] 名词多读为 [ɪkˈses]) 过度消费 has been the subject of heated discussion lately, with Kylie Jenner drawing attention to the inordinate amount of pollution emitted by the wealthy, after she used her private jet to take a 17-minute flight, then followed it up with an Instagram post flaunting her ability to fly to the grocery store. Swift instantly overtook Jenner as the face of the problem, although many reacted with surprise as much as anger; after all, excess and criminal indulgence are baked into the Kardashian-Jenner brand, while Swift has cultivated 塑造 a more folksy image. The contrast stuck many as amusing, and Swift soon became the subject of mockery. excess(adj [ˈekˌses], 保险自付部分[ˈekˌses], 其他名词[ɪkˈses]) noun. I. An excess of something is a larger amount than is needed, allowed, or usual. An excess of 过多的 house plants in a small flat can be oppressive. Polyunsaturated oils are essential for health. Excess is harmful, however. II. Excess is behaviour that is unacceptable because it is considered too extreme or immoral. She said she was sick of her life of excess. ...adolescent excess. ...the bloody excesses of warfare and empire-building. III. [British, business, technical] The excess on an insurance policy is a sum of money which the insured person has to pay towards the cost of a claim. The insurance company pays the rest. The company wanted £1,800 for a policy with a £400 excess for under-21s. adj. Excess is used to describe amounts that are greater than what is needed, allowed, or usual. After cooking the fish, pour off any excess fat. II. Excess is used to refer to additional amounts of money that need to be paid for services and activities that were not originally planned or taken into account. ...a letter demanding an excess 额外的 fare of £20. Staff who have to travel farther can claim excess travel expenses. to excess [ɪkˈses] 做到极致, 做到过分 [disapproval] If you do something to excess, you do it too much. I was reasonably fit, played a lot of tennis, and didn't smoke or drink to excess. Red meat, eaten to excess, is very high in fat and calories. 14. Cottagecore 乡村风( a lifestyle revolving around rural living and pursuits; a style of clothes appropriate to the lifestyle. He took sarongs, bleach-blond locks and all leather outfits into the mainstream, but can David Beckham do the same to the latest trend for whimsical outdoor living: "cottagecore"? ) is a fashion aesthetic popularised by teenagers and young adults celebrating an idealised rural life. Traditionally based on a rural English and European life, it was developed throughout the 2010s and was first named cottagecore on Tumblr in 2018. The aesthetic centres on traditional rural clothing, interior design, and crafts such as drawing, baking, and pottery, and is related to similar aesthetic movements such as grandmacore, farmcore, goblincore, and fairycore. goblin [ˈɡɑblɪn] 小恶魔 In fairy stories, a goblin is a small, ugly creature which usually enjoys causing trouble. A goblin is a small, grotesque, monstrous creature that appears in the folklore of multiple European cultures. First attested in stories from the Middle Ages, they are ascribed conflicting abilities, temperaments, and appearances depending on the story and country of origin, ranging from mischievous household spirits to malicious, bestial thieves. They often have magical abilities similar to a fairy or demon, such as the ability to shapeshift 变形, 变身. Similar creatures include brownies, dwarfs, duendes, gnomes, imps, leprechauns, and kobolds, but it is also commonly used as a blanket term for all small, fay creatures. The term is sometimes expanded to include goblin-like creatures of other cultures, such as the pukwudgie, dokkaebi or ifrit.
creep over VS creep up VS creep up on VS wash over: wash over somebody I. if a feeling washes over you, you suddenly feel it very strongly. (of a feeling) affect someone suddenly. "a deep feeling of sadness washed over her 一种情绪忽然笼罩" A feeling of relief washed over her. II. if you let something wash over you, you do not pay close attention to it She was content to let the conversation wash over her. If something someone does or says washes over you, you do not notice it or it does not affect you in any way. occur all around someone without greatly affecting them. "she allowed the babble of conversation to wash over her" The television headlines seemed to wash over her 左耳进右耳出 without meaning anything. creep up on (creep up 攀升) I. move slowly and carefully towards someone in order to avoid being heard or noticed by them. to approach someone quietly, so that the person is suddenly surprised: Did you have to creep up on me like that? "they were taught how to creep up on an enemy". If a feeling or state creeps up on you, you hardly notice that it is beginning to affect you or happen to you. The desire to be a mother may creep up on you unexpectedly. II. If an event, day, or condition creeps up on you, you are surprised by its arrival, esp. because it has come gradually: Budget time is creeping up on us and if we don't put in a proposal we're not going to get the money that we want next year. if something creeps up on you, it happens slowly or gradually so that you do not notice it happening It's funny how old age suddenly creeps up on you. creep up = creep upwards I. To advance or increase with stealth, unnoticed (literally or figuratively). The lioness has to creep up behind her prey so as not to be noticed. II. to gradually become larger in number or amount. increase slowly but steadily in number or amount. If the value or amount of something creeps up, it slowly increases: Demand is continuing to creep upwards. Over the last year, the rate of inflation has crept up to almost seven percent. "gas prices have been creeping up for a while". The sales figures keep creeping up. The number of missing people has crept up to 40. talk about age: old age creeps up on you 悄然而至. Don't let age creep up on you. How is it that old age seems to creep up on us slowly and spring upon us suddenly at the same time? As men start to approach 50 years old, the muscle loses elasticity, which forces them to stiffen up. I'm turning 50 next month. I'm nearly 30 years old. As you start to creep up near 50, you'll lose a lot of water in your body. Did you know that age is the single biggest predictor of your chances of getting cancer? It jumps up after you hit age 50. Half of all cancers happen in people over age 65. For lung cancer, the median age is 70. creep over someone 渐渐袭来 If a bad feeling creeps over someone, the person gradually starts to feel it: A dangerous tiredness crept over her as she drove. creep in/creep into something I. If mistakes creep in or creep into a piece of text, they are included despite efforts not to include them: A few mistakes always creep in during the editing process. One or two typing errors crept into the report. II. to gradually start to be noticeable: Doubts began to creep into my mind about the likely success of the project.
self-serve = self-service VS self-serving: self-serving adj [disapproval] If you describe someone as self-serving, you are critical of them because they are only interested in what they can get for themselves. They suggest that my motives for proposing reform are self-serving and mercenary. ...corrupt, self-serving politicians. Mary: Thank you, God, for the food we are about to receive and for the nourishment of our bodies and bless the hands that prepared it. Amen. Sheldon: Given that your hands prepared it, isn’t that a little self-serving? Mary: You start changing the words to the prayers, next thing you know, you’re in a church with a guitar. A lawyer has warned consumers to stop using self-serve checkouts 自助结账 at supermarkets and retail stores in a series of new videos. Sharing on TikTok, US criminal defence lawyer Carrie Jernigan said shoppers should avoid using self-serve registers "unless you are ready and willing to go to jail". She also advised viewers to pay by card at self-checkouts and to also keep receipts showing which items were purchased. ATO Self-help services 自助服务: Use our self-service any time – it's easy, free and fast: Individuals self-service. ATO online services. myTax. ATO app. Self-help phone. Order publications. Business self-service. Self-help phone. Order publications. serving 一人份的 an amount of food for one person. The bag contains six servings of pretzels. serve 人份的 = serving n. (chiefly Australia) A portion of food or drink, a serving. serve I. to spend a period of time doing something: He served four years in prison 服刑 for robbery. After he'd served his apprenticeship he set up his own business. serve time to spend time in prison: He's serving time for drug offences. II. in a shop, restaurant, or hotel, to deal with a customer by taking their order, showing or selling them goods, etc.: UK
Are you being served, madam? US Have you been served, ma'am? That's the
restaurant where they refused to serve John because he was so rude. III. to provide with something that is needed: The report says the police are out of touch with the communities that they serve. IV. to help achieve something or to be useful as something: An official investigation would not serve any useful purpose. The judge said that the fine would serve as a warning
to other drivers. In the absence of anything better the settee could
serve as a bed for a couple of nights. [ + to infinitive ] Nothing serves to explain the violent fighting we have seen recently. old-fashioned My umbrella will serve for a weapon. IV. to work for; to do your duty to: I recently heard someone throw around the statistic that only about 2 percent of all living Americans have served in the military 服役, 参军. This seems low, and seems worth fact-checking. He served in the army 服兵役 for 22 years. I served the Korea military
between the years of 2009 and 2011. Before the military, I was living
in New York. I decided to go because I had to get it over with it at
some point. At the time I did my military service, I hated it. I
just hated every moment being in there, trapped in that isolated
society. And I just waited for my time to pass. She has served on the committee for the last 15 years. He served under Ronald Reagan as Secretary of State. V. to provide food or drinks: Do
they serve meals in the bar? Breakfast is served in the restaurant
between 7.00 and 11.00. We arrived at the hotel and were served with
champagne and canapés. All recipes in this book, unless otherwise
stated, will serve (= be enough for) four to five people. [ + obj + adj ] Serve the pie warm with ice cream or whipped cream. V. 发球. in sports such as tennis, to hit the ball to the other player as a way of starting the game: Whose turn is it to serve? That's the third ace you've served this game. serve something to somebody Meals can be served to you in your room. serve something hot/cold etc Teacakes should be served hot with butter. stand/serve/hold somebody in good stead to be very useful to someone when needed His years of training were standing him in good stead. serve its purpose 完成使命, 履行使命 if something has served its purpose, it has done what you needed it to do We delete the data once it has served its purpose. serve an apprenticeship to learn a job or skill by working for a particular period of time for someone who has a lot of experience. serve two/three/four etc (people) 给几个人吃的, 几人份的 if food serves two, three etc, there is enough for that number of people. if my memory serves me right also if memory serves if I remember correctly: I think he was called Blake, if my memory serves me right. If memory serves, we turn left here. serve sb right informal If you say that something bad serves someone right, you mean that that person deserves it: "He hit me!" "It serves you right. You shouldn't have been so mean to him." serve up I. [transitive] 奉献上. 奉上. informal to provide something The teams served up some highly entertaining football this afternoon. II. [intransitive/transitive] Aunt Edie served up a lovely roast leg of lamb for dinner. serve out 履行完成 to continue doing something until you are officially allowed to stop doing it We want you to serve out your full contract. service I. to examine and repair a vehicle or machine as part of a regular check that it is working correctly. The car had just been serviced and was running perfectly. II. to do work or to perform duties for a person, an organization, or a community. Electricity from the dam services several counties. III. business to pay interest on money that you have borrowed from someone. He was using all his income to service his debts and so was unable to save any money. single-serve 一次性的 monoportion, disposable G.M. is known for its single-serve coffee makers. self-serving = self seeking 对自己有好处的, 只为自己着想的, 为自己服务的. 为自己利益着想的 [disapproval] showing
that you will only do something if it will gain you an advantage – used
to show disapproval. habitually seeking one's own advantage, esp at the
expense of others. having an effect that is designed to benefit itself
or the person who does it. If you describe someone as self-serving, you
are critical of them because they are only interested in what they can
get for themselves. They suggest that my motives for proposing reform are self-serving and mercenary. ...corrupt, self-serving politicians. self-serving statements. a. used about people who do self-serving things. Her friends are a pretty self-serving 我自己谋福利的 bunch. self-service = self-serve 自助式的 adjective a self-service restaurant, shop etc is one in which you get things for yourself and then pay for them. A self-service shop, restaurant, gas station, or garage is one where you get things for yourself rather than being served by another person. self-dealing 自谋福利的
noun [uncountable] when someone working for a company uses their
influence or knowledge illegally to gain a personal advantage.
Self-dealing is the conduct of a trustee, an attorney, a corporate
officer, or other fiduciary that consists of taking advantage of his position in a transaction and acting for his own interests rather than for the interests of the beneficiaries of the trust, corporate shareholders, or his clients. The director was engaged in self-dealing in a real estate project to the benefit of his private company. self-denial n. self-denying adj. 把自己排除在外的
when you do not do or have the things you enjoy, for moral or religious
reasons. Someone who is self-denying refuses to do or have things that
they would like, either because they cannot afford them, or because they
believe it is morally good for them not to do them or have them. They
believed that good parents should be self-sacrificing and self-denying.
They belong to an older, more self-denying generation. Self-denial (related but different from self-abnegation or self-sacrifice)
is an act of letting go of the self as with altruistic abstinence – the
willingness to forgo personal pleasures or undergo personal trials in
the pursuit of the increased good of another. Various religions and
cultures take differing views of self-denial, some considering it a positive trait
and others considering it a negative one. According to some
Protestants, self-denial is considered a superhuman virtue only
obtainable through Jesus. Some critics of self-denial suggest that self-denial can lead to self-hatred and claim that the self-denial practiced in Judaism has created self-hating Jews. self-governing 自治的
adjective a country or organization that is self-governing is
controlled by its own members rather than by someone from another
country or organization self-governing states.
ruin noun I. the process or state of being spoiled or destroyed: The car accident meant the ruin of all her hopes. They let the palace fall into ruin. II. 破产倒闭, 身无分文. a situation in which a person or company has lost all their money or their reputation: Many companies are on the edge/brink/verge of ruin. Alcohol was my ruin (= the thing that spoiled my life). Ruin is the state of no longer having any money. The farmers say recent inflation has driven them to the brink of ruin. III. the broken parts that are left of an ancient building or town: We visited a Roman ruin 残骸, 遗迹, 废墟. the ruins of the ancient city of Carthage. Ruin is the state of being severely damaged or spoiled, or the process of reaching this state. The vineyards were falling into ruin. She wasn't going to let her plans go to ruin 计划成空, 计划. IV. the broken parts that are left of a building or town that has been destroyed by bombs, fire, etc.. The ruins of something are the parts of it that remain after it has been severely damaged or weakened. The new republic he helped to build emerged from the ruins of a great empire. He stood very still, staring in at the ruins of his work. The ruins of a building are the parts of it that remain after the rest has fallen down or been destroyed. One dead child was found in the ruins almost two hours after the explosion. There's only the mountain in this direction, and higher up an old ruin, an abandoned castle. They live in the worst of the city's bombed-out ruins. Nine bodies lie among the smoking ruins. be/lie in ruins (of a building or city) to be extremely badly damaged so that most of it has fallen down: The town lay in ruins after years of bombing. V. to be in an extremely bad state: The economy was in ruins after the war. verb I. To ruin something means to severely harm, damage, or spoil it. Olivia was ruining her health through worry. Entire villages have been washed away. Roads and bridges have been destroyed and crops ruined. II. To ruin someone means to cause them to no longer have any money. She accused him of ruining her financially with his taste for the high life. ruined A ruined building or place has been very badly damaged or has gradually fallen down because no-one has taken care of it. ...a ruined church. in ruins If something is in ruins, it is completely spoiled. Its heavily-subsidized economy is in ruins. This country was once proud of its education system. Now it seems to be in ruins. face ruin: The savers are booking seats on the helicopter to an assured financial future, while millions are left facing ruin 身无分文. He was deep in debt and facing ruin. Doctors and officials say the sport of judo is facing ruin because of an infectious skin fungus spreading through clubs across Japan. Going to law has become so expensive that many can face ruin if they bring or defend a claim. He noted many smaller retailers with heavy exposure to the wholesale market had since been forced to jack up their retail prices to as high as 100 per cent, with a number facing ruin.
TBBT: 1. Raj: This means a lot. Sheldon: Well, I know this is a difficult time for you. You're losing your apartment, you're in debt, and you just, you must be humiliated. Amy: Sheldon. Sheldon: Oh, good grief. She is such a stickler for citing sources. Those were Amy's words. Amy: Sheldon. Sheldon: I know, I know, good grief was originally said by Charlie Brown, geez. Raj: You're right, I am humiliated. Thanks for pointing it out. You're such a jerk. 2. Leonard: Hey, where have you been? Sheldon: Oh, Leonard. If I was prone to sarcasm, I'd say I was pulling off a major heist at the museum of laundry baskets. Leonard: One, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, ten. I meant, golly, Sheldon, you've been gone a long time. Sheldon: Oh. Yeah, well, I was waylaid 拦路抢劫, 当街拦住, 劫道, 拦路截住 ( waylay If someone waylays you, they stop you when you are going somewhere, for example in order to talk to you, to steal something from you, or to attack you. She was forever waylaying him in odd holes and corners of the hotel. The trucks are being waylaid by bandits. I'm sorry, Nick, I got waylaid. to stop someone who is going somewhere, especially to trouble them or harm them. get/be waylaid: We got waylaid by a couple of the protesters.) by Penny, Bernadette and Amy. They made me reveal confidential information about Howard's father. Leonard: What information? 3. Bernadette: Oh, my God, it's beautiful. Look, he found the juggling pins I hid. Sheldon: Uh, just a couple more items. Howard, I found this letter from your dad in a box. Now, based on the content, it could either be filed… Howard: Whoa, you opened this? Sheldon: Well, I had to find out if it was personal correspondence or memorabilia. Now, as I was saying, based on the content… Howard: I couldn't be less interested. Now, come on, I'll take you home. Bernadette: Howard, don't you want to know what's in the letter? Howard: If I wanted to know, I would've opened it years ago. The closet looks great. Let's get out of here. Sheldon: Wait, can I bring this box of extra shirt buttons to sort 整理扣子 on the ride 在车上? Howard: Do whatever you want. Sheldon: Thanks. Oh. Great party. 4. Howard: She really tuckered herself out ( tucker someone out US informal to make someone extremely tired: I was tired. Disneyland tuckered me out. The baby was up half the night and I think she tuckered herself out. tuckered out extremely tired: After two hours she was all tuckered out and ready for bed. He had to find a bench to sit on, the poor, tuckered little guy. tuck something away I. to put something in a private, safe place. to store something, especially money, in a safe place Every member of the family can now tuck away either £9 or £18 a month in one of these savings plans. Grandma always kept a little of money tucked away in case of an emergency. II. British English informal 狂吃. to eat a lot of food, usually quickly and with enjoyment. tucked away hidden or difficult to find: Van's house is tucked away at the end of the road. a. if a place is tucked away, it is in a quiet area The village of Eyam is tucked away behind the hills 藏在后边. b.if someone or something is tucked away, they are hidden or difficult to find The envelope was tucked away in her jewel box. ) at the park, huh? Bernadette: Yeah, you two were so cute playing together. Howard: It was kind of fun throwing a ball and not having anyone laugh at me. Bernadette: And you were sweet not to throw it too far so she didn't wear out 累惨 her tiny legs. Howard: Yeah, that's what I was doing. Bernadette: You know, there were a few moments today when I almost felt like we were a little family. Howard: Really? 5. So when you guys plan fun activities 好玩的事情, 好玩的活动, does my name even... come up, or...? I invited you to my murder mystery party. No, you didn't. 6. You're the coolest, prettiest, best-dressed person in my life. Okay, that would be flattering, except I know all the people in your life. Look, Amy, I don't know what to say. I think I got stuck on the fact that it's not a dress I would choose, but it shouldn't be.
