用法学习: 1. ensconce [ɪnˈskɑns] if you ensconce yourself or if you are ensconced somewhere, you put yourself into a comfortable or safe position. On Thursday, for the first time since the death of his mother the Queen last week, the newly ensconced sovereign has taken a break. He and the new Queen Consort were seen landing in a helicopter at Ray Mill House, Camilla's private bolthole in Wiltshire. sconce [skɑns] 蜡烛台 a bracket candlestick or group of candlesticks. A sconce is a decorated object that holds candles or an electric light, and that is attached to the wall of a room. rictus [ˈrɪktəs] 僵硬的笑脸 a fixed grin or grimace. a fixed or unnatural grin or grimace, as in horror or death Their faces were each frozen in a terrified rictus. It was their second such outing of the week, but this time, there was no Harry and Meghan, Duke and Duchess of Sussex by their sides, no slightly rictus faces and a certain thrumming level of discomfort all round. there's nothing in/to something 每一句实话, 没一点是真的 used for saying that something you have been told is not true. used to say that what people are saying about someone or something is not true It seems there's nothing in the rumours that she's pregnant. I heard a rumour that she's leaving, but apparently there's nothing in it. There's nothing in the rumours about an affair. 2. eponymous [ɪˈpɒnɪməs] 与标题名字, 同名的 the eponymous character 标题同名的
in a story has the same name as the title of the story. An eponymous
hero or heroine is the character in a play or book whose name is the
title of that play or book. Dove Olivia Cameron is an American actress and singer, who played a dual role as the eponymous characters in the Disney Channel comedy series Liv and Maddie. Following his name change from T. Mills to Travis Mills, he began hosting an eponymous show on Apple Music 1. namesake 同名的人和物
a person or thing with the same name as someone or something else.
Someone's or something's namesake has the same name as they do. He
is putting together a four-man team, including his son and namesake
Tony 0'Reilly Jnr. Notre-Dame Cathedral in Senlis is less famous than
its namesake in Paris. "Hugh Capet paved the way for his son and namesake to be crowned king of France". Supporters of presidential candidate Ferdinand "Bongbong" Marcos Jr., the son and namesake of the late Philippine dictator,
and Vice-presidential candidate Sara Duterte-Carpio, daughter of
Philippine President Rodrigo Duterte, watch a fireworks display during
the final campaign rally before the 2022 national elections. Alicia Keys Debuts Namesake Makeup Line on the 2022 Met Gala Red Carpet. The first is frontrunner Ferdinand Marcos Jr, popularly known as "Bongbong" and the namesake of his father, who ruled the Philippines as a dictator until he was forced from office and into exile in a popular uprising in 1986. 3. prorate to calculate, divide, or share something pro rata. Service fees for a partial month will be prorated. prorated [proʊˈreɪt] 平分, 等分 divided, distributed, or assessed proportionately (as to reflect an amount of time that is less than the full amount included in an initial arrangement). If a cost is prorated, it is divided or assessed in a proportional way. If weather and/or sea conditions cause your trip to return early, the boat fare will be prorated. The catch is that the Dolphins can get back the prorated portion of the $5 million if Madison defaults on the contract. In some cases the warranty is prorated—its value declines over its time limit. Other warranties are not prorated. pro rata UK: [proʊ rɑːtə] US: [ˌproʊ ˈreɪtə] 平均分配 adv. & adj. If something is distributed pro rata, it is distributed in proportion to the amount or size of something. All part-timers should be paid the same, pro rata, as full-timers doing the same job. They are paid their salaries and are entitled to fringe benefits on a pro-rata basis 按比例分配. calculated according to the individual situation. Holiday entitlement for part-time staff is calculated pro rata (=according to the number of hours worked). 4. insipid [ɪn'sɪpɪd] disapproval I. 乏味的, 没味道的, 索然无味的. 寡味的. 寡淡无味的. If you describe food or drink as insipid, you dislike it because it has very little taste. not enjoyable to eat or drink because of having very little taste It tasted indescribably bland and insipid, like warmed cardboard. II. 无趣的. 没意思的. If you describe someone or something as insipid, you mean they are dull and boring. boring, dull, or pale, with no interesting features The walls were painted an insipid beige color. On the surface she seemed meek, rather insipid. They gave an insipid opening performance in a nil-nil draw with Peru. pedestrian noun. & adj. A pedestrian is a person who is walking, especially in a town or city, rather than travelling in a vehicle. In Los Angeles a pedestrian is a rare spectacle. More than a third of all pedestrian injuries are to children. a pedestrian bridge/walkway. adj. [disapproval] 乏味的, 无趣的. 平淡无奇的. If you describe something as pedestrian, you mean that it is ordinary and not at all interesting. His style is so pedestrian that the book becomes a real bore. I drove home contemplating my own more pedestrian 普通老百姓的, 路人的 lifestyle. Penny:
Sheldon, what the hell are you doing? Sheldon: I'm trying to get these
tables cleared. We're slammed. Penny: No, wait, wait, no, wait. Wh..
what are you doing here? Sheldon: A reasonable question. I asked myself,
what is the most mind-numbing, pedestrian job conceivable, and
three answers came to mind, uh, toll booth attendant, an Apple Store
genius, and what Penny does. Now, since I don't like touching other
people's coins, and I refuse to contribute to the devaluation 贬值, 失去意义
of the word genius, here I am. Penny: You just, you just walked in and
they hired you, just like that?. bozo [ˈbəʊzəʊ] 蠢货 noun INFORMAL NORTH AMERICAN a stupid or insignificant man. "they're really a bunch of bozos". Some bozo on a motorcycle almost ran me over. If you say that someone is a bozo, you mean that you think they are stupid. He makes 'em look like bozos. A stupid, foolish, or ridiculous person, especially a man. 5. Probbo Problematic views/opinions AND/OR a person who holds problematic views/opinions. Person One: "Did you see what that guy said about (insert marginalized group)?" Person Two: "Nah I didn't, was it probbo? Person One: "Ohhh yeah, he's a huge probbo." to cook the books 篡改数据, 篡改账本 If you say that someone has cooked the books, you mean that they have changed figures or a written record in order to deceive people. be cooking to be happening or being planned, often secretly I'll try and find out what's cooking. cook someone's goose 破坏别人计划 to cause a lot of problems for someone, or to spoil their plans. spoil someone's plans; cause someone's downfall. "I've got enough on you to cook your goose". cognizance [ˈkɑɡnɪzəns] Cognizance is knowledge or understanding. ...the teacher's developing cognizance of the child's intellectual activity. take cognizance of something to take notice of and consider something, especially when judging. If you take cognizance of something, you take notice of it or acknowledge it. The government failed to take cognisance of their protest. The lawyer asked the jury to take cognizance of the defendant's generosity in giving to charity. 6. bold [bəʊld] I. not afraid of taking risks and making difficult decisions. In a surprisingly bold move, he is threatening court action against the company. My aunt Flo was a bold determined woman. He had the ability to take bold imaginative decisions. a bold move/step: In a bold move to try to cut pollution, the city council has banned open fires. a bold statement/assertion: They issued a bold statement calling for an immediate end to nuclear testing. II. so confident or determined that you sometimes offend people. You should be feeling confident and bold when you meet your bank manager. She marched into his office as bold as brass (=very confident and not showing enough respect). be so bold as to do something to do something that is rude or shows too much confidence. He was even so bold as to give me advice about how to play. III. very strong or bright so that you notice them. A bold colour or pattern is very bright and noticeable. ...bold flowers in various shades of red, blue or white. ...bold, dramatic colours. The design is pretty startling and very boldly coloured. bold frame glasses 花色镜框. Check out our bold sunglasses selection for the very best in unique or custom, handmade pieces from our sunglasses shops. You can use just about any adjective to describe a frame; some are thin, some are bold, and some are ornate. If you are referring primarily to width, however, the opposite of "thin" would be "thick," in most contexts. Narrow and wide might work, too. bold geometric shapes. Stripes are bold, bright, and fun to wear. bold colours. ornate [ɔrˈneɪt] I. decorated with complicated patterns or shapes. An ornate 花纹装饰的 building, piece of furniture, or object is decorated with complicated patterns or shapes. ...an ornate iron staircase. ...the big dining-room with its massive fireplace and ornate ceiling. Eventually they reached a pair of ornately carved doors. the ornate palace gates. II. using unusual words and complicated sentences. a somewhat ornate prose style. IV. written or drawn in a very clear way. an envelope addressed to her in a bold black hand. The graphics are bold and colourful. The print should be bold and easy to read. V. printed in letters that are darker and thicker than ordinary printed letters. All the headings are in bold type. if I might be so bold 斗胆说一句 used when you are going to say or ask something that someone might think is rude I'd like, if I might be so bold, to make a suggestion. Horn-rimmed glasses 塑料镜框 are a type of eyeglasses. Originally made out of either horn or tortoise shell, for most of their history they have actually been constructed out of thick plastics designed to imitate those materials. They are characterized by their bold appearance on the wearer's face, in contrast to metal frames, which appear less pronounced 显眼的. Horn-rimmed glasses were one of the first styles of eyeglasses to become a popular fashion item, after comedian Harold Lloyd began wearing a round pair in his films. The style has brought a resurgence of popularity in the late 20th (1980s–1990s) and early 21st (2010s) centuries, with an emphasis on retro fashions. This may be due in part from the influence of hipster subculture, and the television series Mad Men, which repopularized 1960s fashions in general. 7. weight I. uncountable 重要性. 重要程度. the influence or importance that something has. If you give something or someone weight, you consider them to be very important or influential in a particular situation. This might have been avoided had ministers placed more weight on scientific advice. ...the overwhelming weight Freud assigned parents in our development. give weight to: If someone or something gives weight to what a person says, thinks, or does 看重, they emphasize its significance. The fact that he is gone has given more weight to fears that he may try to launch a civil war. Do you think, perhaps, that what happened today might lend weight to that criticism? Patten was not inclined to give much weight to their judgment. carry weight (=have a lot of influence): Simpson's opinions carry considerable weight with the President. add weight to: A recently discovered inscription has added weight to the theory. There's some weight 可信度 to that rumor. attach weight to: We attach little weight to this new evidence. II. singular something that causes you trouble or difficulty. Susan now bears the full weight of running the family. a weight off your mind (=something that you no longer have to worry about): Obviously the verdict is a huge weight off my mind. carry the weight of the world on your shoulders to have something that is your responsibility or duty to struggle with I'm carrying the weight of the world on my shoulders. pull/carry your weight to do your share of work He wasn't pulling his weight, so he had to go. III. 权重. If something is given a particular weight, it is given a particular value according to how important or significant it is. The scientists involved put different weight on the conclusions of different models. We had this understanding that courses were roughly the same weight. IV. If you talk about the weight of something, you mean that it is large in amount or has great power, which means that it is difficult to oppose or fight against. The weight of expectation was getting to them. Companies found themselves collapsing under the weight of debts. verb. I. If you weight something, you make it heavier by adding something to it, for example in order to stop it from moving easily. It can be sewn into curtain hems to weight the curtain and so allow it to hang better. II. If you weight things, you give them different values according to how important or significant they are. ...a computer program which weights the different transitions according to their likelihood. Responses were weighted by region to more accurately reflect the population. dead weight I. 死沉的东西. A dead weight is a load which is surprisingly heavy and difficult to lift. He hoisted the dead weight over his shoulder. II. You can refer to something that makes change or progress difficult as a dead weight. ...the dead weight of traditional policies. worth your weight in gold If you say that someone or something is worth their weight in gold, you are emphasizing that they are so useful, helpful, or valuable that you feel you could not manage without them. Any successful manager is worth his weight in gold. to throw your weight about [disapproval] If someone throws their weight around or throws their weight about, they act aggressively and use their authority over other people more than they need to. throw one's weight behind If you throw your weight behind a person, plan, or campaign, you use all your influence and do everything you can to support them. The administration is throwing its full weight behind the U.N. plan. 8. tally board I. 积分表, 记分牌 a board used as a tally sheet. II. a board attached to the tail block of a rope sent out to a ship in distress containing instructions for using the apparatus. A rope burn (string burn 勒到手, 摩擦得疼)(a burn on the skin caused by friction from a rope. A burning sensation in the hands after sliding down a rope too rapidly.) is a type of friction burn. It's caused by the rapid or repeated movement of coarse rope rubbing against skin. This abrades the skin, resulting in: redness. irritation. A friction burn is a form of abrasion caused by the friction of skin rubbing against a surface. A friction burn may also be referred to as skinning, chafing [tʃeɪf] ( chafe I. intransitive to feel annoyed and impatient about something that stops you doing what you want. chafe at/under: We were all beginning to chafe a little under such close supervision. II. intransitive/transitive to rub 磨得疼. the skin on a part of your body and make it sore. The collar had been chafing his neck. The backpack's straps were beginning to chafe. III. transitive to rub a part of your body in order to make it warm. IV. used in cookery to describe when someone overworks scone dough, so that it ends up with too much air in it. ), or a term named for the surface causing the burn such as rope burn, carpet burn or rug burn. Because friction generates heat, extreme cases of chafing may result in genuine burning of the outer layers of skin. floozy [ˈfluːzi] noun DATED HUMOROUS a young woman who has many casual sexual partners or who dresses or behaves in a sexually provocative way. an insulting word for a woman who likes to attract men and have sex. "he runs off with some floozy that's only interested in fame and money". 9. fraught [frɔt] I. causing or having extreme worry or anxiety. If you say that a situation or action is fraught, you mean that it is worrying or difficult. It has been a somewhat fraught day. This is one of the most fraught weekends of the year for the security forces. The atmosphere in the office is rather fraught. Through searching conversations with colleagues, newsmakers and voters across the country, host and New York Times political reporter Astead Herndon takes us beyond the horse race to explore how we got to this fraught moment in American politics. II. fraught with: full of unpleasant things such as problems or dangers: The negotiations have been fraught with difficulties/problems right from the start. From beginning to end, the airlift was fraught with risks. 9. What is shadow work? The shadow work meaning is as follows: Working with your unconscious mind to uncover the parts of yourself that you repress and hide from yourself. This can include trauma or parts of your personality that you subconsciously consider undesirable. Anyone can do shadow work on their own. Shadow Work is the psychological and spiritual practice of exploring our dark side or the 'shadowy' part of our nature. We all possess a place within us that contains our secrets, repressed feelings, shameful memories, impulses, and parts that are deemed "unacceptable" and "ugly." This is our dark side or shadow self – and it is often symbolized as a monster, devil, or ferocious wild animal. shadow boxing (shadow practise) training in which a boxer fights with an imaginary opponent. Shadow batting is a practice drill used by professional cricketers to improve their batting skills. It involves pretending to bat with no ball involved. It can be done with or without a bat in hand. The general idea is to simulate the batting action over and over again to train your body. in the shadow of I. feeling the negative influence of someone or something powerful or famous. aides working in the shadow of senior officials. II. near in time or space to something. in the shadow of a new millennium. The farm sits in the shadow of the Rocky Mountains. five o'clock shadow a slight growth of hair on a man's face in the afternoon when he shaved in the morning. the shadow/shadows of something 阴影 the problems, sadness, trouble, etc. caused by a particular situation or event. These countries will need assistance as they emerge from the shadows of war. the shadow of terrorism. a shadow/ghost of your former self less healthy or happy than you were in previous times After his illness, John was a mere shadow of his former self. be/live in someone's shadow to feel or seem unsuccessful in comparison to someone who is very successful He's always lived in the shadow of his brother. afraid/scared of your own shadow 动辄受惊吓的, 胆小怕事的, 受惊吓的, 胆小如鼠的, 容易受惊的 very easily frightened. fractious [ˈfrækʃəs] 动辄易怒的, 爱生气的, 容易生气的, 动辄不高兴的, 小心眼的 I. [disapproval] easily
upset or annoyed. If you describe someone as fractious, you disapprove
of them because they become upset or angry very quickly about small
unimportant things. ...fractious national movements. Nancy was in a fractious mood. The children were predictably fractious. a fractious child. II. causing problems and difficult to control. 10. lapse in/of judgement 一时糊涂, 一时失查, 一时不小心, 一个不小心 An error or deviation in judgment; a mistake, especially when one should have known better. Look, I'm sorry, I know I shouldn't have left the bags unattended. I was just stressed out and had a momentary lapse of judgment! You're a good worker, Tonya, but this lapse in judgment is not something we can overlook. A lapse of something such as concentration or judgment is a temporary lack of that thing, which can often cause you to make a mistake. This was not a momentary lapse of judgment. All it takes is a momentary lapse in concentration 一个不注意, 一个不留神, 一个不当心 for sensitive messages to be sent to the wrong person. There will be countless athletes at these Olympic Games who will suffer a momentary lapse after four years of preparation and hard work. slip of the tongue 口误 a minor mistake in speech. "it was a slip of the tongue of the kind that does happen during live broadcasts". cruella 残忍的人, 残酷的人, 冷酷无情的人: The name Cruella is primarily a female name of English origin that means Evil, Cruel. Name created for Cruella De Vil, the fictional villian of the novel "The Hundred and One Dalmatians" by British author Dodie Smith. The novel was later made into a Disney film titled 101 Dalmatians. 11. Rex [rɛks] the reigning king (used following a name or in the titles of lawsuits, e.g. Rex v. Jones : the Crown versus Jones). Regina [rɪˈdʒʌɪnə] noun the reigning queen (used following a name or in the titles of lawsuits, e.g. Regina v. Jones, the Crown versus Jones).
TBBT: 1. Raj: I'm sorry, are you under the impression that we're still friends? Howard: Oh come on, you're not still grinding on the kite thing(grind on 絮叨, 磨叨 if
something boring or unpleasant grinds on, it continues happening for a
long period of time. If you say that something grinds on, you disapprove
of the fact that it continues to happen in the same way for a long
time. The war has been grinding on for years. grind I.
If you grind a substance such as corn, you crush it between two hard
surfaces or with a machine until it becomes a fine powder. Store
the peppercorns in an airtight container and grind the pepper as you
need it. ...the odor of fresh ground coffee. He makes his own paint,
grinding up the pigment with a little oil. II. If you grind
something into a surface, you press and rub it hard into the surface
using small circular or sideways movements. 'Well,' I said, grinding my cigarette nervously into the granite step. grind your teeth 磨牙 If you grind your teeth, you rub your upper and lower teeth together as though you are chewing something. If you know you're grinding your teeth, particularly at night, see your dentist. III. If you grind something, you make it smooth or sharp by rubbing it against a hard surface. ...a shop where they grind knives. The tip can be ground to a much sharper edge to cut smoother and faster. IV. If a vehicle grinds somewhere, it moves there very slowly and noisily. Tanks had crossed the border at five fifteen and were grinding south. It's
not what it looks like. It's not what it looks like. What are you
grinding about ? Penny's brain teaser this morning. She and Koothrappali
emerge from your bedroom. She is disheveled, and Raj is dressed only in
a sheet. The sole clue: "It's not what it looks like." Just let it go,
Sheldon. grind the faces of the poor to become rich and powerful by treating poor people in a very unfair way.
noun. I. 机器摩擦声. The grind of a machine is the harsh, scraping noise
that it makes, usually because it is old or is working too hard. The grind of heavy machines could get on their nerves. II. If you refer to routine tasks or activities as the grind, you mean they are boring and take up a lot of time and effort. The daily grind of government is done by Her Majesty's Civil Service. Life continues to be a terrible grind for the ordinary person. I wouldn't normally find any compassion同情 for those who think travel is a workaday grind. III. US disapproving, informal a boring person who studies all the time and does nothing else. IV. Irish English, informal extra lessons in a subject from a private teacher: She's getting grinds. He can give you maths grinds. to have an axe to grind 谋私利, 为自身的利益 [informal, disapproval] If someone has an axe to grind, they are doing something for selfish reasons. He seems like a decent bloke and I've got no axe to grind with him. grinding adj. If you describe a bad situation as grinding, you mean it never gets better, changes, or ends. Their
grandfather had left his village in order to escape the grinding
poverty. ...the grinding difficulty of getting to the stadium. Nursing was ill-paid and grindingly hard work. to come to a grinding halt If
a country's economy or something such as a process grinds to a halt, it
gradually becomes slower or less active until it stops. The peace process has ground to a halt. ), are you? Raj: It's not just the kite thing. Every time we go some place, you think you can just dump me whenever someone prettier comes along( I. to arrive, or to become available. He decided to give the money to the first stranger who came along. He told me to work hard and take every opportunity that comes along. II. to go somewhere with someone. I’ve never seen a baseball game – do you mind if I come along? a. to go somewhere so that you can be with someone who went there earlier. Ray had some work to finish and decided to come along later. III. usually progressive to make progress, or to get better in quality, skill, or health. The building work was coming along nicely. be coming along with something: How's Kathleen coming along with her swimming? IV. mainly Bitish old-fashioned used for telling someone in an impatient way to do something quickly. Come along now, or we'll be late. b. old-fashioned used for telling someone that you do not believe or accept what they are saying. Come along now! It can't have been as bad as that! ), even though you don't have a shot 没机会, 没可能 with them.
Howard: But I had a shot with that jogger. Raj: Fine. Paint green
flames on your little scooter with her. Howard: It's not a little
scooter. It's the second biggest Vespa they make! 2. Leonard: Sheldon, how do you know this stuff? Sheldon: I grew up in Texas. Football is ubiquitous in Texas. Pro football, college football, high school football, peewee football, in fact, every form of football except the original, European football, which most Texans believe to be a Commie plot. Leonard: Unbelievable. Sheldon: If you're interested, I also know all about frying meat that isn't chicken as if it were chicken. Leonard: So you could teach me? Sheldon: Football or chicken-fried meats? Leonard: Football. I'm going to Penny's on Saturday to watch a game with her friends and I don't want to look like an idiot. I want to blend in. Sheldon: If you want to blend in with Penny's friends, I'd think looking like an idiot would be the perfect camouflage. Leonard: Come on, Sheldon, please teach me about football. It'll be fun. Sheldon: That's exactly what my father said. Come to the games, watch the games, week in and week out from the time I was five until I went off to college. Longest seven years of my life. 3. Raj: The kite you made me lose was an authentic Patang, an Indian fighting kite that my brother sent to me from New Delhi. It took me a day to put together and two days to paint. This is Hello Kitty. Howard: Yeah, but it comes with a little coin purse. Does a Patang? Raj: Wow, you just don't get it, do you? Buying me something pretty isn't going to make our problem just go away. Howard: Look, I admit I haven't always been the best friend I could be. Raj: You've been a sucky friend, a sucky, sucky friend. Howard: Stipulated 说得是, 你说得对( stipulate 阐明, 讲明, 规定 to say what is allowed or what is necessary. If you stipulate a condition or stipulate that something must be done, you say clearly that it must be done. She could have stipulated that she would pay when she collected the computer. International rules stipulate the number of foreign entrants. Clifford's only stipulation is that his clients obey his advice. The regulations stipulate the maximum number of children allowed in a class. stipulate that: The constitution stipulates that a new President must be elected every four years. to say exactly how something must be or must be done: She agreed to buy the car, but stipulated racing tyres and a turbo-powered engine. The law stipulates that new cars must have seat belts for the driver and every passenger. We have signed a contract which stipulates when the project must be completed.). Raj: And you do it all the time. Last week in the mall at Radio Shack, we were looking for a phone with giant numbers for your mother, and I suddenly realize you're not even there. Howard: I know, I know. Raj: And where were you? Howard: Getting shot down 被打抢, 被拒绝 by the girl at Hot Dog on a Stick. But in my defence, she was gorgeous, and working that squeezer to make the lemonade, going up and down and up and down. It was like a free pole dance right in the middle of the food court. Raj: You're impossible. Howard: Hey, at least I can talk to women without being drunk. Raj: Excuse me, I have selective mutism, a recognized medical disorder. You're just a douche. Howard: No. You know what? Maybe that's what this whole thing's about. You're not mad at me, you're mad at yourself.
Lemons and limes are now grown all over the world. Yet, lemons — formally known as Citrus limon — are typically grown in moderate climates 温带气候, while limes — or Citrus aurantifolia — grow better in tropical and subtropical regions 热带气候, 亚热带气候. Both fresh and processed forms of lemons and limes are utilized in a number of different industries. These two fruits are well known for their acidic, sour flavor and featured in a variety of culinary applications around the world. They may be used in cooking, food preservation, or simply to impart flavor. The essential oils of lemons and limes are often used for cosmetic and medicinal purposes. They're also included in many household cleaning products for their fragrance and antibacterial properties. In terms of flavor, these two citrus fruits are similar. They're both tart, and eating either fruit by itself is likely to result in the same puckered facial expression 酸爽的表情. However, lemons tend to err on the side of slightly sweet, whereas limes are usually more bitter. Limes are sometimes described as being sourer than lemons, but this may have more to do with its bitterness. This perception also varies depending on your individual taste. Tart sour tangy piquant
tangy (略带甜味的酸) VS piquant [ˈpikənt] VS tart VS astringent (酸的) (tout [taʊt]: I. 兜售 [disapproval] If someone touts something, they try to sell it or convince people that it is good. It has the trappings of an election campaign in the United States, with slick television ads touting the candidates. ...a popular advertising industry practice of using performers to tout products. He was being touted as the most interesting thing in pop. The product is touted as being completely natural....a couple of highly touted novels. to praise someone or something because you want other people to think they are good or important be touted as something: She's being touted as a possible challenger for the title. II. If someone touts for business or custom, they try to obtain it. He visited Thailand and Singapore to tout for investment. Minicabs are not allowed to tout for hire on the streets. to try to persuade people to buy something by telling them about it, especially loudly and in public. tout for business/trade/custom: street vendors touting for business. III. If someone touts tickets (US: scalp 黄牛党. 倒卖), they sell them outside a sports ground or theatre, usually for more than their original value. ...a man who made his money touting tickets. The queue stretches several hundred yards and tickets are touted for a tenner. noun. (US: scalper) A tout is someone who sells things such as tickets unofficially, usually at prices which are higher than the official ones. taut [tɔt]: I. 抻紧, 拉紧. 拽紧. stretched tight. When muscles are taut or cold there is more chance of injury or strain. The clothes line is pulled taut and secured. Check that the rope is taut before climbing. II. 紧实的身材. a taut body is firm with strong muscles and little fat. If a person or their body is taut, they are very lean with firm muscles. That summer she had shed the weight gained during pregnancy, her body was trim and taut. taut muscles/legs. III. used about something such as a voice or expression that shows someone is nervous or angry. If someone has a taut expression, they look very worried and tense. Ben sat up quickly, his face taut and terrified. Little by little she lost the taut, strained air of perpetual anxiety. a taut reply. IV. If you describe a piece of writing or a film as taut, you mean that it is good because it is exciting and has no unnecessary details. ...Eric Rochant's 'Aux yeux du monde', a taut thriller about the kidnapping of a school bus.): tangy [ˈtaŋi] having a strong, piquant flavour or smell. A tangy flavour is pleasantly strong and sharp. A tangy flavour or smell is one that is sharp, especially a flavour like that of lemon juice or a smell like that of sea air: a deliciously tangy lemon tart. "a tangy salad". Tangy foods, like vinegar and lemon juice, have a sharp, acidic flavor. Your salad will taste better if you pour plenty of tangy salad dressing on it. If you like tangy flavors, you'll probably enjoy lemonade that's not too sweet, as well as foods like blue cheese, lime-flavored Thai dishes, and plain yogurt. The adjective tangy comes from tang, "strong flavor or smell." The earliest definition of tang was "a serpent's stinging tongue," from a root meaning "to bite." pungency 科学上指的是辣(单纯的辣, 口语里也指任何强烈的刺鼻的味道), hot 和 spicy 有别的含义所以引发歧义, spicy也指放了很多佐料(cinnamon, nutmeg, allspice, mace, and cloves)的. piquancy是指温和的辣, 微辣, 可口的辣. In colloquial speech, the term "pungency" can refer to any strong, sharp smell or flavor.
However, in scientific speech, it refers specifically to the "hot" or
"spicy" quality of chili peppers. It is the preferred term by scientists
as it eliminates the potential ambiguity arising from use of "hot" and
"spicy", which can also refer to temperature or the presence of spices,
respectively. For instance, a pumpkin pie can be both hot (out of the
oven) and spicy (due to the common inclusion of spices such as cinnamon,
nutmeg, allspice, mace, and cloves), but it is not pungent. (A food
critic may nevertheless use the word piquant to describe such a pie,
especially if it is exceptionally well-seasoned.) Conversely, pure
capsaicin is pungent, yet it is not naturally accompanied by a hot
temperature or spices. As the Oxford, Collins, and Merriam-Webster
dictionaries explain, "piquancy" can refer to mild pungency,
that is, flavors and spices that are much less strong than chilli
peppers, including, for example, the strong flavor of some tomatoes. In
other words, pungency always refers to a very strong taste whereas piquancy refers to any spices and foods that are "agreeably stimulating to the palate", in other words to food that is spicy in the general sense of "well-spiced". Mildly pungent or sour foods may be referred to as tangy 微酸微辣的食物. piquant [ˈpikənt] I. food or drink that is piquant has a strong and pleasant flavor. a piquant sauce. Food that is piquant has a pleasantly spicy taste. ...a crisp mixed salad with an unusually piquant dressing. A little mustard is served on the side to add further piquancy. II. a quality or situation that is piquant is very exciting and interesting. Something that is piquant is interesting and exciting. interesting and exciting, especially because of being mysterious: More piquant details of their private life were revealed. There may well have been a piquant novelty about her books when they came out. Piquancy was added to the situation because Dr Porter was then on the point of marrying Hugh Miller. piquant wit. There may well have been a piquant novelty about her books when they came out. vocabulary: Feeling a little saucy? Perhaps a bit provocative — but in a good way? Then it's safe to say your personality is a little piquant. Coming to us from the French word piquer, which means "to prick," something that's piquant certainly piques your interest. Someone who's piquant engages you with charm and wit. A story that's filled with piquant details has plenty of juicy, provocative points. And grandma's homemade gravy? It's certainly zesty and piquant, even with all the lumps. piquant [ˈpikənt] 微辣的, 辣的可口的 I. food or drink that is piquant has a strong and pleasant flavor. a piquant sauce. Food that is piquant has a pleasantly spicy taste. ...a crisp mixed salad with an unusually piquant dressing. A little mustard is served on the side to add further piquancy.
II. a quality or situation that is piquant is very exciting and
interesting. Something that is piquant is interesting and exciting.
interesting and exciting, especially because of being mysterious: More piquant details of their private life were revealed. There
may well have been a piquant novelty about her books when they came
out. Piquancy was added to the situation because Dr Porter was then on
the point of marrying Hugh Miller. piquant wit. There may well have been a piquant novelty about her books when they came out. vocabulary: Feeling a little saucy? Perhaps a bit provocative — but in a good way? Then it's safe to say your personality is a little piquant. Coming to us from the French word piquer, which means "to prick," something that's piquant certainly piques your interest. Someone who's piquant engages you with charm and wit. A story that's filled with piquant details
has plenty of juicy, provocative points. And grandma's homemade gravy?
It's certainly zesty and piquant, even with all the lumps. tart I. A tart is a shallow pastry case with a filling of food, especially sweet food. ...jam tarts. ...a slice of home-made tart. II. If something such as fruit is tart, it has a sharp taste. The blackberries were a bit too tart on their own, so we stewed them gently with some apples. Tart cherry juice can be found at health food stores. III. A tart remark or way of speaking 残忍的, 不留情的 is sharp and unpleasant, often in a way that is rather cruel. The words were more tart than she had intended. Lyle, I'm sure, would have had a very tart comment to make about this new social trend. 'There are other patients on the ward, Lovell,' the staff nurse reminded her tartly. noun. informal, offensive, disapproval Tart is an insulting word for a woman who dresses or behaves in a way that suggests she wants to have sex with a lot of different people. tart up [British, informal, disapproval] If someone tarts up a room or building, they try to improve its appearance, often with the result that it looks vulgar. 'Have you ever wondered why London Underground would rather tart up their stations than improve services?' he asked. ...tarted-up pubs. astringent [ə'strindʒənt] adj I. 尖刻辛辣的. 犀利的. severe; harsh. sharp or invigorating. Sharp and penetrating; pungent or severe. harshly biting; caustic: astringent criticism. astringent remarks. II. Medicine 收敛的, 止血的. Tending to draw together or constrict tissues; styptic. III. 酸涩的. 涩的(后边的 tart酸的 ). If something has an astringent taste, it is sharp or bitter. Astringency is a feature of a very large number of herb. The fruit has a tart and astringent flavour. astringent taste. pungent ['pʌndʒənt] 辣味 I. Something that is pungent has a strong, sharp smell or taste which is often so strong that it is unpleasant. The
more herbs you use, the more pungent the sauce will be. ...the pungent
smell of burning rubber. ...the spices that give Jamaican food its
pungency. II. [formal, approval] pungent comments or
remarks 扎心的, 鞭辟入里的, 一针见血的批评话 criticize something in a direct and effective way. If you
describe what someone has said or written as pungent, you approve of it
because it has a direct and powerful effect and often criticizes
something very cleverly. He enjoyed the play's shrewd and pungent social analysis. repugnant [rɪˈpʌɡnənt] 恶心的
adj. extremely unpleasant or offensive. If you think that something is
horrible and disgusting, you can say that it is repugnant. The odour is repugnant to insects. The Committee said his actions were improper and repugnant. She felt a deep sense of shame and repugnance. In the interview he said he voted Remain in the 2016 referendum, supported Corbyn as Prime Minister and called Trump "repugnant" and "repulsive".
