用法学习: 1. wanded Bodily checked over with a hand held electronic explosives detection device and or metal or drug detector at a security checkpoint. wand (transitive) To scan (e.g. a passenger at an airport) with a metal detector. After Jack's death, Brett and Belinda tirelessly campaigned for a wanding trial in Gold Coast's safe night precinct, which allows police to stop and search people for concealed weapons. poised [pɔɪzd] I. 蓄势待发的. If a part of your body is poised, it is completely still but ready to move at any moment. waiting in a position where you can make a movement as soon as you need to Two guards stood poised with their hands on their guns. He studied the keyboard carefully, one finger poised. II. 万事俱备的. 准备就绪的. If someone is poised to do something, they are ready to take action at any moment. Liverpool appear poised for victory in the championship match. Japan was poised to become the biggest foreign investor in Vietnam. Britain was poised to fly medical staff to the country at short notice. U.S. forces are poised for a massive air, land and sea assault. III. If you are poised, you are calm, dignified, and self-controlled 镇定自若的. She was self-assured, poised, almost self-satisfied. Rachel appeared poised and calm. IV. affected by two things that are opposites Rachel appeared to be poised between laughter and tears. poise [pɔɪz] noun. I. If someone has poise, they are calm, dignified, and self-controlled. a graceful calm way of moving, standing, or sitting Mary hoped the ballet lessons would improve her poise 落落大方, 优雅从容 and balance. What amazed him even more than her appearance was her poise. It took a moment for Mark to recover his poise 恢复镇定. II. Poise is a graceful, very controlled way of standing and moving. Ballet classes are important for poise and grace. Even when he moved he did so without poise. verb. to hold or balance something carefully Poising her skis on the edge of the hill, Denise looked cautiously down at the skiers below. Mark poised his pen above the paper. 2. Why this bread is so expensive: This is a labour intensive business and, [unlike] many food businesses, the people who are food producers are not doing it to fleece customers(fleece I. 羊皮. A sheep's fleece is the coat of wool that covers it. II. A
fleece is the wool that is cut off one sheep in a single piece. III.
Fleece is a soft warm artificial fabric. A fleece is also a jacket or
other garment made from this fabric. verb. [informal] If you fleece someone, you get a lot of money from them by tricking them or charging them too much. Police were alerted to the gang's alleged activity when a man complained he had been fleeced out of thousands of yuan at a bar in the city of Mianyang in Sichuan. She claims he fleeced her out of thousands of pounds. US man Jeremy Meeks became known as the 'hot felon' after his mugshot was released online. Meeks was arrested as part of a gang sweep 扫除黑帮 and jailed for gun possession and grand theft. But his life of crime was quickly glossed over upon his release as he was snapped up by a Hollywood agent and turned into a fashion model.) or make tonnes of money." The representative added that food producers 食品生产商 such as this often go out of business from trying to sell their products at sustainable prices. "I just find that online comments can be very uniformed," the spokesperson added. "It's the bread I most often buy and I honestly don't really get what arbitrary 武断的 baseline ( a quantity, value, or fact used as a standard for measuring other quantities, values, or facts. A baseline is a value or starting point on a scale with which other values can be compared. You'll need such information to use as a baseline for measuring progress. The army's test is meant to set a baseline for physical fitness. baseline values/rates/requirements. ) people are comparing it to". 3. odious [ˈəʊdɪəs] extremely unpleasant; repulsive. If you describe people or things as odious, you think that they are extremely unpleasant. Herr Schmidt is certainly the most odious man I have ever met. The judge described the crime as odious. "a pretty odious character". 3. pow-wow [ˈpaʊˌwaʊ] 会议, 聚会 I. a traditional Native American ceremony. II. informal a meeting or discussion to make a decision. People sometimes refer to a meeting or discussion as a powwow. Every year my father would call a family powwow to discuss where we were going on vacation. The insiders didn't elaborate on what the thespians discussed at their powwow. thespian [ˈθespiən] I. A thespian is an actor or actress. II. Thespian means relating to drama and the theatre.
performative [pərˈfɔrmətɪv] 做给人看的, 走过场的, 不真诚的, 出于表演需要的, 用来炫耀的. 用来做给别人看的. 做样子的, 走形式的
I. relating to something that someone says, when the words which they
use perform a particular action, for example when someone says "I
promise" or "I now declare you man and wife". denoting an utterance that
constitutes some act, esp the act described by the verb. For example, I confess that I was there is itself a confession, and so is performative in the narrower sense, while I'd like you to meet … (effecting an introduction) is performative only in the looser sense. that sentence is a performative. II.
Relating to or of the nature of dramatic or artistic performance. 'films which push past the limits of current performative trends. 'teaching is a performative act'. III. Being done as a performance in order to create an impression. a. Characterized by the performance of a social or cultural role. Many feminist theorists have come to stress the contextual and performative aspects of gender. While
this sounds nice, the problem lies in the fact that celebrities have no
say about whether they want this "support" or not. It also perpetuates regressive attitudes around performative queerness
for straight audiences, where certain "types" of identity are seen as
more valid or real than others. It also doesn't acknowledge the very
real dangers that still exist for people who make the choice to publicly
come out. performative friendship
a friendship that is all about making the person professing friendship
look good, especially on social media. A performative friend is someone
who does this. You
have seen performative friendships in action, even if you have never
heard the term itself. A performative friend posts a photo on your
birthday in which they look much better than you do. It
was Selena Gomez's 26th birthday on Sunday and Taylor Swift baked her a
cake to celebrate, sharing a photo of it on Instagram. Baking someone a
cake is a sweet gesture but – unless Swift is sending it to her –Gomez
will never eat her birthday cake, because they are thousands of miles
apart. So, in effect, Swift just wrote someone else's name on a cake and
stuck it on the internet – in what may be a textbook example of
performative friendship. You have seen performative friendships in
action, even if you have never heard the term itself. It's when someone
tries to celebrate a friendship – usually online – but ends up making it
all about them. Performative activism 做样子的 is activism done to increase one's social capital rather than because of one's devotion to a cause. It is often associated with surface-level activism, referred to as slacktivism. The term gained an increased usage on social media in the wake of the George Floyd protests. The terms woke-washing and woke capitalism were coined to describe companies who signal support for progressive causes as a substitute for genuine change. By 2020, members of the political center and right wing in several Western countries were using the term woke, often in an ironic way, as an insult for various progressive or leftist movements and ideologies perceived as overzealous, performative, or insincere. In turn, some commentators came to consider it an offensive term with negative associations to those who promote political ideas involving identity and race.
善意: 1. in good faith 出于好心, 出于善意, 好的意图, 心存善意 if you act in good faith, you believe that what you are doing is right and legal. with good and honest intent; with sincerity. We are convinced you were acting in good faith[出于好意], even though you made a serious error. I think you didn't sign the contract in good faith. You never intended to carry out our agreement. His defence was that he had acted in good faith. He did not know when he bought the car that it had been stolen. "The work on the basin plan is currently being finalised(定稿, 定下来) so what we're saying is with the short term incident, we should see an act of good faith by the New South Wales government," he said. in good faith 抱有诚意的, 有诚意的, 诚心的, 心怀善意的 If something is done in good faith, it is done sincerely and honestly. If you do something in good faith, you seriously believe that what you are doing is right, honest, or legal, even though this may not be the case. This report was published in good faith but we regret any confusion which may have been caused. She was acting in good faith for her client. Good faith (Latin: bona fides), in human interactions, is a sincere intention to be fair, open, and honest, regardless of the outcome of the interaction. While some Latin phrases lose their literal meaning over centuries, this is not the case with bona fides; it is still widely used and interchangeable with its generally accepted modern-day English translation of good faith. It is an important concept within law and business. The opposed concepts are bad faith, mala fides (duplicity) and perfidy (pretense). In contemporary English, the usage of bona fides (note the "s") is synonymous with credentials and identity. The phrase is sometimes used in job advertisements, and should not be confused with the bona fide occupational qualifications or the employer's good faith effort, as described below. There's a special place in hell for any foreign leader that engages in bad faith diplomacy with President Donald J. Trump and then tries to stab him in the back on the way out the door," Navarro said. "And that's what bad faith Justin Trudeau did with that stunt press conference. That's what weak, dishonest Justin Trudeau did. And that comes right from Air Force One." 2. good-natured 心地善良的, 天性良善的, 善良的, 好心眼的, 心眼好的, 没有坏心眼的 of a pleasant and cooperative disposition. pleasant or friendly. friendly and welcoming toward other people. A good-natured person or animal is naturally friendly and does not get angry easily. Bates looks like a good-natured lad. He was good-natured about it, he didn't fuss. a good-natured face/crowd. good-natured 不容易生气的, 好脾气的, 开得起玩笑地 kind and friendly, and not easily annoyed. A good-natured person or animal is naturally friendly and does not get angry easily. Bates looks like a good-natured lad. He was good natured about it, he didn't fuss. well-meaning 出于好心的, 善意的 trying to help but often making things worse. Her well-meaning remarks just make us uncomfortable. a well-meaning friend/person/group. ribbing 开玩笑 the act of laughing at someone in a friendly way as a joke. good-natured 善意的取笑 teasing. "he took a good deal of ribbing with the utmost good humour" They gave him a ribbing about his accent. 3. goodwill I. friendly and helpful feelings. Goodwill is a friendly or helpful attitude towards other people, countries, or organizations. I invited them to dinner, a gesture of goodwill. They depend on the goodwill of visitors to pick up rubbish. The school has to rely on the goodwill of the parents to help it raise money. Releasing the hostages has been seen as a gesture of goodwill/a goodwill gesture. II. part of a company's value that includes things that cannot be directly measured, for example, its good reputation or its customers' loyalty. The goodwill of a business is something such as its good reputation, which increases the value of the business. We do not want to lose the goodwill built up over 175 years. The company's assets are worth £200 million, plus goodwill. Hence, despite today's outcomes and announcements, Francis remains cautiously optimistic noting the importance of both sides' "the returning of goodwill" in restarting dialogue, while keeping an eye on how how tensions may unfold come 2023. The Albanese government sees the meeting – held on the 50th anniversary of China-Australia diplomatic relations – as a crucial opportunity to rebuild goodwill with Beijing and stabilise Australia’s relationship with its biggest trading partner. State Department spokesman Ned Price said the release was not part of a prisoner exchange and that no money was paid. He added it appeared to be a 'goodwill gesture' on the part of the Taliban. Apple's backdown 退让, 让步, 屈服 was acknowledgement that if it wants to make ground on 攻占, 攻城略地 early market leaders Spotify and Pandora - which each have over 60 million users - it needs public goodwill 善意, not a repeat of 重蹈覆辙 the abysmal ( [əˈbɪzm(ə)l] extremely bad or low in quality. Some of the teaching was abysmal. an abysmal failure. ) reception Tidal got for its perceived arrogance. The imprimateur ( [ˌɪmprəˈmɑˌtur] I. very formal permission, or approval. II. official permission given by the Roman Catholic Church for a book to be printed. an official license by the Roman Catholic Church to print an ecclesiastical or religious book. a. 个人保证, 个人担保, 品质保证 a person's acceptance or guarantee that something is of a good standard. ) of a hugely popular artist like Taylor Swift could help deliver goodwill. 4. Chief, this is Grace Billets at Hollywood. I thought you'd want to know that the protest turnout 出席率 is a little soft. Well, how soft? Maybe a hundred people, including the news crews and the cops. Only takes one individual with bad intent 不良意图 (good intent 心存善意) ( ill-intentioned 心存恶意的 having malicious intentions: an ill-intentioned criticism that was meant more to hurt than to help.). Copy that. I mean, tell the mayor. Maybe you can turn him around. It's not gonna be very much of a photo op. I'll reach out, but don't stand down.
TBBT: 1. Steph: What is he doing? Leonard: He's finding the acoustic sweet spot. Steph: Does he always do this? Leonard: Sometimes he brings a toy xylophone. I am really sorry about this. Steph: No, it's fine. You know, he's sweet. Sheldon: My apologies, you've been sitting in it all along. Leonard, you want to slide over one? Leonard: No, just sit here. Sheldon: Oh, yeah, this is it. 2. Sheldon: Oh, good, I used that right. Anyway, you're aware that Leonard has entered into a new romantic relationship which includes a sexual component? Penny: Okay, feeling the awkward now. Sheldon: Her name is Dr. Stephanie Barnett and she is a highly distinguished surgical resident at Freemont Memorial. Penny: Yeah, Leonard told me. Sheldon: Good. What he may have left out is how important this relationship is to me. Penny: To you? Sheldon: Yes, see, of the handful of women Leonard's been involved with, she's the only one I have ever found tolerable. Penny: Well, what about me? Sheldon: The statement stands for itself 不言自明(speaks for itself). Penny: Well, aren't you sweet? Sheldon: Anyway, should you have any interaction with her, it would be most helpful that she not see you as a sexual rival. Penny: Yeah, I think she's pretty safe. Sheldon: You say that now, but consider the following scenario, you're sitting in your apartment, it's late, you're alone, your hypothalamus is swimming in a soup of estrogen and progesterone and suddenly even Leonard seems like a viable sexual candidate, or a, uh, hookup as it's referred to by today's urban youth. Penny: Really? Sheldon: Yes. Now, should that happen, I would ask you to find some way to suppress your libido. Penny: I could think about you. Sheldon: Fine, whatever works. 3. Penny: So Leonard, will we be seeing you on Saturday for your free birthday cheesecake? Sheldon: He can't eat cheesecake, he's lactose intolerant. Penny: Okay, he can have carrot cake. Sheldon: What about the cream cheese frosting. Penny: he can scrape it off. Leonard: Forget about the cake, how did you know that my birthday is Saturday? Penny: I did your horoscope 查了星象, remember, I was going to do everybody's until Sheldon went on one of his typical psychotic rants. Sheldon: For the record, that psychotic rant was a concise summation of the research of Bertram Forer (The Forer effect shows that people tend to accept generalised descriptions of their personalities without realising that the same evaluation could apply to nearly anyone else, because people want the results to be true. This experiment is frequently cited as criticisms of other personality tests like the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator.), who in 1948 proved conclusively through meticulously designed experiments, that astrology is nothing but pseudo scientific hokum. Penny: Blah blah blah, a typical Taurus ( [ˈtɔrəs] 金牛座 one of the 12 signs of the Zodiac, represented by a bull (=male cow). A Taurus or a Taurean is someone born between April 21 and May 22, believed to be influenced by this sign.). So, seriously, are we going to see you Saturday ( 讲特定的某一天的时候(a specific, single Monday, just one Monday)星期几前可以不加介词on，加也可以比如: Emergency services were called to Dural in Sydney's north-west about 6pm on Saturday where they found a two-year-old boy who was critically injured. On Monday I am going to my granny's house. I do my grocery on Mondays. = I always do my grocery on Monday. I always do my grocery on Mondays (又是 always 和 Mondays 有点不必要了). She goes to the dentist on Monday 不是每一个周一都去，而是逢去都是周一 换一种说法: Whenever she goes to the dentist, it's on a Monday. )? Leonard: Oh, I don't think so. Penny: Why not? Leonard: I don't celebrate my birthday. Penny: Shuddup, yeah you do. Leonard: No, it's no big deal, it's just the way I was raised. My parents focussed on celebrating achievements, and being expelled from a birth canal was not considered one of them. Penny: Uh, that's so silly. Sheldon: It's actually based on very sound theories 有力的, 坚实的, 强劲的理论基础, his mother published a paper on it. Penny: What was it called, "I hate my son and that's why he can't have cake?" Sheldon: It was obviously effective, Leonard grew up to be an experimental physicist. Perhaps if she'd also denied him Christmas he'd be a little better at it. Leonard: Thank you. Howard: Well I love birthdays, waking up to Mom's special French Toast breakfast, wearing the birthday king crown, playing laser tag with all my friends. Penny: Yeah, see, that's what kids should have. Howard: Actually that was last year. Penny: So you've really never had a birthday party? Leonard: No. But it was okay. I mean, when I was little I'd think maybe my parents would change their mind, and surprise me with a party, like this one birthday I came home from my Cello lesson, and I saw a lot of strange cars parked out front, and when I got to the door I could hear people whispering, and I could smell German chocolate cake, which is my favourite. Penny: And? Leonard: Uh, it turns out my grandfather had died. Penny: Oh my God, that's terrible. Leonard: Oh, it was kind of like a birthday party. I got to see all my cousins and there was cake, so… Penny: That's the saddest thing I've ever heard. Howard: You think? Go ahead, tell her about your senior prom. 4. Sheldon: You don't see it, do you? We're losing her. Leonard: Okay, I'm going to make this very simple for you. You are not in this relationship, I am. Ergo ( ergo [ˈɜrɡoʊ] 因此, 所以 therefore. Ergo is sometimes used instead of 'therefore' to introduce a clause in which you mention something that is the consequence or logical result of what you have just said. Neither side would have an incentive to start a war. Ergo, peace would reign. ), you have no say in anything that happens between me and Stephanie. Sheldon: I'm afraid I can't allow that. Pursuant to ( do sth pursuant to sth 根据法律 If someone does something pursuant to a law or regulation, they obey that law or regulation. according to: The fact that a person acted pursuant to an order of his government does not relieve him from responsibility under international law. He should continue to act pursuant to the United Nations Security Council resolutions. ) Starfleet General Order 104 Section A, you are deemed unfit and I hereby relieve you of your command 解除兵权, 解除职务. Leonard: General Order 104, Section A does not apply in this situation. Sheldon: Give me one good reason why not. Leonard: Because this is not Star Trek. 5. Sheldon: Howard, I'm going to need another Mandarin lesson. I obviously didn't make my point with those people. Howard: For God's sake, Sheldon, if you don't like the tangerine chicken, don't order the tangerine chicken. Sheldon: I like tangerine chicken, I'm not getting tangerine chicken. Leonard: Can we please change the subject. Raj: Sure. Tell us again how you screwed up and got Penny back together with her old boyfriend. Leonard: Just roll the dice. Raj (rolls and moves): Enslaved by warlocks, stay here till you roll 2, 4 or 6…7. Leonard: She was mad at him. She was done with him, the relationship was broken beyond repair 没有挽救的余地 and I walked over there and I fixed it! Howard: Boy, that story gets better every time you hear it. Sheldon: Actually, I thought the first two renditions were far more compelling. Previously I felt sympathy for the Leonard character, now I just find him to be whiny and annoying. Leonard: Just eat your tangerine chicken. Sheldon: I'd love to, but I don't have tangerine chicken. Penny (storming in): Thank you so much for your stupid advice. (Slams door again.) Raj: Incredible. You managed to screw up the screw-up. 6. Penny: Well, I went over to Mike's to make up with him 和好. Leonard: Yeah, I know, I know that part. Penny: But he had already moved on. Leonard: Already, that was quick. Penny: That's what I said to the woman who had her legs wrapped around his neck. Leonard: Oh, Penny, I am so sorry. Penny: How could he do that. Leonard: Oh, well, you know, you did throw an 8 gig iPod… yeah, no, how could he do that. Penny: I swear to God, I am done with guys like that. You know, macho, with the perfect body and the hair, and the money. Leonard: Yeah, that must get old 不香了, 失宠了 quick. Penny: You know, just once, I would like to go out with someone who is nice, and honest, and who actually cares about me. Leonard: What about me? 7. Sheldon: Howard is employing a schoolyard paradigm [ˈperəˌdaɪm] in which you are, for all intents and purposes, deceased. He intends to act on this by not speaking to you, feigning an inability to hear you when you speak and otherwise refusing to acknowledge your existence. Leonard: That's just ridiculous. Why are you cooperating with him 一丘之貉, 狼狈为奸? Sheldon: I don't make the rules, Leonard. Leonard: Howard, come on, I didn't plan on this. These things just happen. Usually not to me, but they do happen. Howard: Did someone just feel a cold breeze? Sheldon: I believe this is an extension of the death metaphor. The cold breeze is the so-called ectoplasmic issue of a disembodied 离开身体的 soul passing by. Raj: You know, screw it, I'm just gonna eat the dumpling. 8. institution [ˌɪnstɪˈtjuːʃ(ə)n] I. countable 机构. a large organization such as a bank, hospital, university, or prison. An institution is a large important organization such as a university, church, or bank. ...the Institution of Civil Engineers. Class size varies from one type of institution to another. Some of the most well-known financial institutions are in turmoil. a financial/educational/charitable institution. an institution of higher education. a. a hospital or other building where people are looked after for a long time, for example if they are disabled or mentally ill. An institution is a building where certain people are looked after, for example people who are mentally ill or children who have no parents. Larry has been in an institution since he was four. He visited various penal institutions in the United Kingdom in the late 1930s. II. countable an important tradition on which society is based. An institution is a custom or system 风俗, 习俗 that is considered an important or typical feature of a particular society or group, usually because it has existed for a long time. I believe in the institution of marriage. ...the institution of the family. We need to respect their beliefs, traditions, and social institutions. the institution of marriage. a. often humorous someone or something that has been in a particular job or place for such a long time that you cannot remember a time when they were not there. She was an institution in our community where she lived for 40 years. fixture [ˈfɪkstʃər] I. a piece of furniture that is fixed in its place and is considered part of the building, and so you do not take it with you when you move. Something that is fixed but can be moved is called a fitting. Fixtures are pieces of furniture or equipment, for example baths and sinks, which are fixed inside a house or other building and which stay there if you move. ...a detailed list of what fixtures and fittings are included in the purchase price. become a fixture 必不可少的, 不可或缺的东西: Their display could become a fixture of the show. II. used about a person considered to be permanently established in a job, place, etc. If you describe someone or something as a fixture in a particular place or occasion, you mean that they always seem to be there. She was a fixture 常客 in New York's nightclubs. The cordless kettle may now be a fixture in most kitchens. III. A fixture is a sports event which takes place on a particular date. City won this fixture 3-0 last season. III. uncountable the introduction of a system, rule, or policy. The institution of a new system is the act of starting it or bringing it in. There was never an official institution of censorship in Albania. ...the institution of the forty-hour week. the institution of a new health-care system. Penny: Nice. I got him a sweater. Howard: Okay, well, he might like that, I've seen him… chilly. Penny: Uh, Sheldon, I didn't see your present. Sheldon: That's because I didn't bring one. Penny: Well why not? Howard: Don't ask. Sheldon: The entire institution of gift giving makes no sense. Howard: Too late. Sheldon: Let's say that I go out and I spend fifty dollars on you, it's a laborious activity, because I have to imagine what you need, whereas you know what you need. Now I can simplify things, just give you the fifty dollars directly and, you could give me fifty dollars on my birthday, and so on until one of us dies leaving the other one old and fifty dollars richer. And I ask you, is it worth it? Howard: Told you not to ask. Penny: Well, Sheldon, you're his friend. Friends give each other presents. Sheldon: I accept your premise, I reject your conclusion. Howard: Try telling him it's a non-optional social convention.
时间介词 at, in and on:1.So, seriously, are we going to see you Saturday ( 讲特定的某一天的时候(a specific, single Monday, just one Monday)星期几前可以不加介词on，加也可以比如: Emergency
services were called to Dural in Sydney's north-west about 6pm on
Saturday where they found a two-year-old boy who was critically injured.
On Monday I am going to my granny's house. I do my grocery on Mondays. = I always do my grocery on Monday. I always do my grocery on Mondays (又是 always 和 Mondays 有点不必要了). She goes to the dentist on Monday 不是每一个周一都去，而是逢去都是周一 换一种说法: Whenever she goes to the dentist, it's on a Monday. )? Leonard: Oh, I don't think so. Penny: Why not? Leonard: I don't celebrate my birthday. 2. Cambridge dictionary has a link here.
1. We use at:
a. 时间的特定点. with particular points on the clock:
I’ll see you at five o’clock.
b. 某一天里的特定时间点. with particular points in the day:
The helicopter took off at midday and headed for the island.
c. 一周里的特定时间点. with particular points in the week:
What are you doing at the weekend 这周末, 这个星期六 (at the weekend 英式说法, on the weekend 美式说法)? What are you doing Saturday or What are you doing on Saturday?
d. 生日意外的特殊节日. with special celebrations:
At the New Year, millions of people travel home to be with their families (but we say on your birthday).
e. We don’t use at with the question What time …? in informal situations:
What time are you leaving? (preferred to At what time are you leaving?)
2. We use on:
a. 特定的某一天. with dates:
We moved into this house on 25 October 1987.
b. 一周里的某一天. with a singular day of the week to refer to one occasion:
I’ve got to go to London on Friday.
c. with a plural day of the week to refer to repeated events:
The office is closed on Fridays. (every Friday) In informal situations, we often leave out on before plural days:
Do you work Saturdays?
d. with special dates:
What do you normally do on your birthday?
3. We use in:
a. 一天里的一段时间. with parts of the day:
I’ll come and see you in the morning for a cup of coffee, okay?
b. 月份. with months:
We usually go camping in July or August.
c. 年份. with years:
The house was built in 1835.
d. 季节. with seasons:
The garden is wonderful in the spring when all the flowers come out.
e. with long periods of time:
The population of Europe doubled in the nineteenth century.
4. At or on?
We use at to talk about public holidays and weekends, but when we talk about a particular special day or weekend, we use on.
Compare
We never go away at the New Year 过年的时候 because the traffic is awful.
On New Year’s Day, the whole family gets together.
I’ll go and see my mother at the weekend 这周末 if the weather’s okay.
The folk festival is always held on the last weekend in July.
*Note that American English speakers usually say on the weekend.
5. In or on?
We use in with morning, afternoon, evening and night, but we use on when we talk about a specific morning, afternoon, etc., or when we describe the part of the day.
Compare
I always work best in the morning. I often get tired in the afternoon.
The ship left the harbour on the morning of the ninth of November.
In the evening they used to sit outside and watch the sun going down.
It happened on a beautiful summer’s evening.
6. At or in?
In the night usually refers to one particular night; at night refers to any night in general:
I was awake in the night 那天夜里, thinking about all the things that have happened.
'It’s not safe to travel at night 晚上,' the officer said.
At the end or in the end?
We use at the end (often with of) to talk about the point in time where something finishes. We use in the end to talk about things that happen after a long time or after a series of other events:
At the end of the film, everyone was crying.
Not: In the end of the film …
I looked everywhere for the book but couldn’t find it, so in the end I bought a new copy.
At the beginning or in the beginning?
We use at the beginning (often with of) to talk about the point where something starts. We usually use in the beginning when we contrast two situations in time:
At the beginning of every lesson, the teacher told the children a little story.
In the beginning, nobody understood what was happening, but after she explained everything very carefully, things were much clearer.
7. Other uses of in with time
We use in to say how long it takes someone to do something:
He was such a clever musician. He could learn a song in about five minutes.
We use an apostrophe -s construction (in a year’s time, in two months’ time) to say when something will happen. We don’t use it to say how long someone takes to do something:
I won’t say goodbye because we’ll be seeing each other again in three days’ time. We can also say in three days, without time, in this example.
He ran the marathon 用时, 耗时 in six hours and 20 minutes.
Not: He ran the marathon in six hours and 20 minutes’ time.
8. Time expressions without at, on, in
We don’t normally use at, on or in before time expressions beginning with each, every, next, last, some, this, that, one, any, all:
He plays football every Saturday.
Are you free next Monday at two o’clock?
Last summer we rented a villa in Portugal.
9. At, on and in (time): typical errors
We use on not at to talk about a particular day:
The two couples were married in two different cities on the same day, 25 years ago.
Not: … at the same day, 25 years ago.
We don’t use at to refer to dates:
The General was killed on 26 August.
Not: … at 26 August.
We use at, not in, with weekend(s):
What do you usually do at the weekend? Do you go away?
Not: What do you usually do in the weekend?
We use in with months, not on:
They’re going to Australia in September for a conference.
Not: They’re going to Australia on September …
