用法学习: 1. running light 行驶灯, 夜灯 one of several white, red, or green lights displayed by vessels operating at night. run a (red) light informal to drive quickly through a red traffic light instead of stopping. in the midst of something [mɪdst] formal I. while something else is happening. If something happens in the midst of an event, it happens during it. Eleanor arrived in the midst of a blizzard. The President went to China in the midst of a crisis at home. II. if you are in the midst of something, you are doing it or it is affecting you. If you are in the midst of doing something, you are doing it at the moment. Congress is in the midst of 正在进行 进行式 rewriting the nation's banking laws. We are in the midst of one of the worst recessions for many, many years. Our competitors are now in the midst of a billion-dollar research effort. III. If someone or something is in the midst of a group of people or things, they are among them or surrounded by them. Many were surprised to see him exposed like this in the midst of a large crowd. Angelo laid the gun carefully on the table, in the midst of brochures and other papers. in our/their/your midst 在我们中间, 在我们之中 formal if someone is in your midst, they are with you as part of your group. You say that someone is in your midst when you are drawing attention to the fact that they are in your group. We're lucky to have such a man in our midst. Nobody recognized the stranger in their midst. a sexual perpetrator in our midst. amidst [əˈmɪdst] = amid [əˈmɪd] 随着, 在...之中 I. if something happens amid particular feelings or events, it happens while people have these feelings or while these events are happening. Banks and stores closed yesterday amid growing fears of violence. The secretary resigned amid accusations of bribery and corruption. The Pound-to-Australian Dollar exchange rate has on Thursday, December 05. hit a fresh 3-year high at 1.9214, amidst 跟着 an ongoing rally in Sterling and softness in the Aussie Dollar. And, one investment bank we follow says AUD will likely continue to struggle through the course of 2020. II. if something happens amid noise, shouting, laughter, etc., it happens while there is a lot of noise, etc. all around. Norman stepped on to the stage amid tumultuous applause. III. literary surrounded by things or people. 2. mix I. to (cause different substances to) combine, so that the result cannot easily be separated into its parts: Oil and water don't mix. Even if you shake them together they separate into two layers. Radioactive material was mixed in/up (with) the effluent. Mix the eggs into the flour. In a large bowl, mix together the sugar and raisins. Shall I mix (= make) you a cocktail? II. to have or do two or more things, such as activities or qualities, at the same time: Some people are happy to mix business with/and pleasure, but I'm not one of them. III. to be with or communicate well with other people: Do you mix with a wide variety of people in your job? She mixes very well 混的很好 - I guess that's why she's so popular. not mix 不相容, 相克 if two things, ideas etc do not mix, they are not a good or sensible combination. if two different ideas, activities etc do not mix, there are problems when they are combined Smoking and babies don't mix. Alcohol and pills don't mix. Drinking and driving do not mix. It's like a alcoholic working in a bar. They don't mix. mix your metaphors to combine two or more metaphors, often producing a silly or humorous effect: Mixing his metaphors, he described the problem by saying "We've opened up a can of worms here, and now we have to get the genie back in the bottle". be mixed up with/in sth 鬼混 usually disapproving to be connected with a bad or unpleasant person or thing: Please don't get mixed up with him. You'll regret it if you do. I knew someone who was mixed up in that corruption scandal. mix it UK informal (US mix it up) to fight or argue with people. If you say that someone mixes it, or in American English mixes it up, you mean that they often fight or argue strongly about things. Stewart has developed a tendency to 养成习惯, 养成爱好 mix it verbally 争吵 with the opposition. Don't take any notice of Sally - she just likes to mix it. 3. be behind the curve 被动挨打, 反应慢, 落后, 被甩下, 被抛下, 被抛弃 to change to a new idea or way of doing something later than most others, or to react to something after it has already happened: If you're not using social media to promote your business, you're behind the curve. It's frustrating that in most cases we're behind the curve because we're reacting to crime, not preventing it. ambivalent [amˈbɪv(ə)l(ə)nt] adj having mixed feelings or contradictory ideas about something or someone. If you say that someone is ambivalent about something, they seem to be uncertain whether they really want it, or whether they really approve of it. She remained ambivalent 前思后想, 摇摆不定, 犹豫, 犹豫不决, 游移不定 about her marriage. He maintained an ambivalent attitude to the Church throughout his long life. I've never lied about my feelings, including my ambivalence about getting married again. Five years ago the book was ambivalently received. "some loved her, some hated her, few were ambivalent about her". a metaphor for sth a symbol that represents a particular thing: The author uses disease as a metaphor for the corruption in society. In the film, the city is a metaphor for confusion and loneliness. 4. 非法移民: Illegal immigration tends to be financially upward, from poorer to richer countries. Illegal residence living in another country would create the risk of being detained and deported, or facing other sanctions. Let's cross that bridge a little further down the road 等等再说吧, 等等看吧, 等着看吧, 回头再说吧. I'll/we'll cross that bridge when I/we come/get to it 到时候再说吧, 到时候再看吧 an expression that means you will not worry about a possible future problem but will deal with it if it happens. reproach 责怪, 指责 something that you say or do to criticize someone, especially for not being successful or for not doing what is expected: The look of reproach on his face made her feel guilty. Your reproaches are useless - what's done is done. to criticize someone, especially for not being successful or not doing what is expected: His mother reproached him for not eating all his dinner. You have nothing to reproach yourself for/with. be a reproach to sb/sth 走麦城, 滑铁卢, 羞耻的事, 害臊, 脸红的事 to be something that should make a person or organization feel ashamed: His immaculate 无可挑剔的 garden was a reproach to all his less organized neighbours. be above/beyond reproach 无可非议 无可挑剔 to not deserve any blame: Your behaviour today has been above reproach. 5. 恶意点评毁生意: But despite being paid for by businesses, Ms McCracken was adamant her website had integrity. "We will put on the review 点评, 评分, 评价 as long as it meets out guidelines 指导原则, 准则," she said. And also, don't forget, if it's a fake or a fraudulent review, because we're connecting the reviewer to the business owner, they're going to get flushed out ( To flesh out something is to give it substance, or to make it fuller or more nearly complete. To flush out something 无处藏身, 现原形 is to cause it to leave a hiding place, e.g., "The birds were flushed out of the tree. It can also be used figuratively, as in "flush out the truth 真相大白." flush out something 冲刷, 刷洗, 冲洗 I. to clean something using a lot of water. Flush the pipes out with clean water. a. to remove something by pouring a lot of water through the place where it is. Use plain water to flush out the debris. flush something out of something: Drinking plenty of water helps to flush harmful substances out of your body. II. to force a person or animal to leave a hiding place: He had to climb down the side of the tunnel to flush out the birds.)." If a business owner believes a review breaches 违反政策, 违规 Google's policies, they can flag it for review here. If they believe that a review is contrary to Australian law 违背法律, 违法, 不合法律, such as a review containing defamatory statements, they can submit a legal removal request. 6. Flypaper 灭蚊纸 (also known as a fly ribbon, fly strip, fly capture tape, or fly catcher) is a fly-killing device made of paper coated with a sweetly fragrant, but extremely sticky and sometimes poisonous substance that traps flies and other flying insects when they land upon it 落在上面, 降落, 落地. Fly paper is considered a pest control device, and is subject to regulation in many countries. 洛杉矶 tar pits 挖掘博物馆 - La Brea Tar Pits: Thirsty animals step into sticky goo 泥浆 hidden by shallow pools of water, leaves or dirt. They struggle to get free, tumbling onto their sides. With most of their body stuck in the tar, they become hopelessly mired 拔不出来. Dire Wolves, saber-toothed [ˈseɪbər] cats 剑齿猫, coyotes, and short-faced bears move in for an easy supper. Lucky predators tear off exposed limbs and get away, but unlucky ones get stuck and die. effectual [ɪˈfɛktʃʊəl] = effectful adj (of something inanimate or abstract) successful in producing a desired or intended result; effective. "tobacco smoke is the most effectual 有效的, 管用的, 有效果的 protection against the midge". resounding [rɪˈzaʊndɪŋ] I. 掷地有声的. complete: used for emphasizing how successful or unsuccessful someone or something is. The good weather helped to make the occasion a resounding success. a resounding success/victory/defeat. II. 有回音的. 有回声的. 悠远的, 悠长的. a resounding sound is very loud and continues for a long time. There was a resounding slap as Andrew struck him violently across the face. She got a resounding round of applause. The answer, Segal says, was a resounding yes! Leatherdale was hit resoundingly on the side of the head. a resounding burst of applause. swarm I. to go somewhere as part of a large crowd. Fans swarmed onto the field to celebrate. II. if insects swarm, they fly together in a large group. When bees or other insects swarm, they move or fly in a large group. A dark cloud of bees comes swarming out of the hive. III. 包围. 被围住. 围困. 围起来. when protesters swarm a place, relatively small numbers of protesters who are willing to face arrest act in an organized way to disrupt normal activity. Hundreds of people swarmed the U.S. Capitol to protest Kavanaugh's confirmation. He was swarmed 蜂拥而上, 一拥而上围起来 by armed police officers. When people swarm somewhere, they move there quickly in a large group. People swarmed to the shops, buying up everything in sight. swarm with something if a place is swarming with people, insects, or animals, it is full of them. a room swarming with flies. 7. outside not within a particular group or organization. a. used for saying what is done or known by people who are not in a particular group or organization. Observers outside the government believe the program is a waste of money. The secret was never revealed outside the family circle. b. used for referring to people who do not belong to a particular group or organization. outside help/interference/influence etc. 外部的: State governors resent outside interference from Washington. outside experts/contractors/advisers etc. (=ones not employed by the organization): The department has commissioned outside contractors to do the job. from outside: The company brought in advisers from outside. an outside chance if there is an outside chance of something happening, it is just possible but unlikely. There's an outside chance that we'll both arrive on the same day. The team still has an outside chance of winning in the 1,000-meter event. outside toilet/stairs etc. 室外的 a toilet/set of stairs etc. that is not inside a building. outside line/call 外线电话 a telephone line/call that is connected to people in other places or organizations. How do I get an outside line? outside interests/experience/knowledge etc. 外路的, 外部的 interests/experience/knowledge etc. that are not connected with, or not a result of, the work that you do in your present job. You must not let your outside interests interfere with your work. Man some people really have outside behaviour. Others were mostly shocked at the fact no one seemed to have tackled the situation head-on 直面, 正面回应, 正面解决. decorum [dɪˈkɔrəm] polite behavior. Decorum is behaviour that people consider to be correct, polite, and respectable. I was treated with decorum and respect throughout the investigation. 8. chafe [tʃeɪf] I. [INTRANSITIVE] to feel annoyed and impatient about something that stops you doing what you want. chafe at/under: We were all beginning to chafe a little under such close supervision. II. [INTRANSITIVE/TRANSITIVE] to rub the skin on a part of your body and make it sore. to make or become damaged or sore by rubbing: The bracelet was so tight that it started to chafe (my wrist). The collar had been chafing his neck. The straps of the backpack were beginning to chafe. She got chafing from too much sex. a. [TRANSITIVE] to rub a part of your body in order to make it warm. III. used in cookery to describe when someone overworks scone dough, so that it ends up with too much air in it. Chafing 磨得慌, 磨脚, 磨手 refers to the irritation of skin caused by repetitive friction, usually generated through skin to skin contact of multiple body parts. Chafing is usually contracted in the inner thighs and inner glutes; armpits and nipples can also develop chafing although it is less common. Severe chafing is known as friction burn. noblesse oblige [noʊbles əbliːʒ] Noblesse oblige is the idea that people with advantages, for example those of a high social class, should help and do things for other people. They did so without hope of further profit and out of a sense of noblesse oblige. crescendo [krəˈʃendəʊ] noun I. MUSIC a gradual increase in sound in a piece of music. a. MUSIC the loudest part of a piece of music. II. LITERARY a gradual increase in something. a. the point when something has increased to its highest limit. III. 声音越来越大的. A crescendo is a noise that gets louder and louder. Some people also use crescendo to refer to the point when a noise is at its loudest. She spoke in a crescendo: 'You are a bad girl! You are a wicked girl! You are evil!'. The crescendo of noise was continuous. The applause rose to a crescendo and cameras clicked. IV. People sometimes describe an increase in the intensity of something, or its most intense point, as a crescendo. There was a crescendo of parliamentary and press criticism. [+ of] And now the story reaches a crescendo. Metastasis [məˈtæstəsɪ] 癌症扩散 (metastatic cancer) Metastasis is the spread of cancer cells to new areas of the body, often by way of the lymph system or bloodstream. A metastatic [ˌmetəˈstætɪk] cancer, or metastatic tumor, is one that has spread from the primary site of origin, or where it started, into different areas of the body. articulate [ɑrˈtɪkjulət] adj. I. 说话条理清楚. 善于表达的. able to express your thoughts, arguments, and ideas clearly and effectively. She is an articulate young woman. The child was unable to offer an articulate description of what she had witnessed. To start a revolution, you need discipline, incisiveness and articulacy 口齿清楚. She is a highly articulate woman. II. articulate writing or speech is clear and easy to understand. It gives an articulate description of the drug's effect. III. biology an articulate animal has joints (=parts of the body where two bones meet). articulate [ɑrˈtɪkjuleɪt] verb I. [transitive] to express thoughts and ideas clearly and effectively. When you articulate your ideas or feelings, you express them clearly in words. The president has been accused of failing to articulate an overall vision in foreign affairs. [ It's difficult to articulate 说清楚, 表达. 说明白, 传达 what I felt then. II. [intransitive/transitive] 发音清楚的. to speak very clearly, so that every word you say can be understood. If you articulate something, you say it very clearly, so that each word or syllable can be heard. He articulated each syllable carefully. Ben articulates so clearly for a two-year-old. She carefully articulated every syllable. 9. manifestation [ˌmænɪfəˈsteɪʃ(ə)n] I. 症状. 外在表现. 症候. 表象. 表征. [countable/ uncountable] evidence that something exists or is present. Common manifestation of dementia and Alzheimer's. manifestation of: Different animals in the colony had different manifestations of the disease. The demonstrations were a manifestation of the people's discontent. The manifestation of arthritis in young people calls for immediate treatment. II. [countable] 鬼现身. 闹鬼. an occasion when a ghost or spirit appears. manifest [ˈmænɪˌfest] verb. to show something such as a feeling or ability, so that it is easy to notice. If you manifest a particular quality, feeling, or illness, or if it manifests itself, it becomes visible or obvious. He manifested a pleasing personality on stage. The virus needs two weeks to manifest itself. Their frustration and anger will manifest itself in crying and screaming. He's only convincing when that inner fury manifests itself. Jane manifested 显露出, 表露出, 表现出, 显出 an unwillingness to sit and talk to Lydia. adj. 显而易见的. 明显的. obvious and easy to notice or understand. If you say that something is manifest, you mean that it is clearly true and that nobody would disagree with it if they saw it or considered it. ...the manifest failure of the policies. There may be unrecognised cases of manifest injustice of which we are unaware. She manifestly failed to last the mile and a half of the race. the program's manifest weaknesses. manifest itself 显现, 表现出来 to become easy to notice. Musical talent usually manifests itself in childhood.
passenger manifest 乘客列表, 名单 a list of passengers on a ship or plane. understated 内敛的, 不张扬的, 低调的. 说少了的, 谦虚了的 adj. presented or expressed in a subtle and effective way. If you describe a style, color, or effect as understated, you mean that it is simple and plain. not intended to be obvious: The apartment was luxurious but furnished in a tastefully understated way. "understated elegance". not trying to impress people or to attract their attention, and therefore attractive or effective. She dressed with understated elegance. I have always liked understated clothes. ...his typically understated humour. 10. You can't judge someone from what her demeanor 一举一动, 行为举止 was like. Your demeanor is the way you behave, which gives people an impression of your character and feelings. ...her calm and cheerful demeanor. someone's mask/demeanor slips 庐山真面目, 现原形, 露马脚 if your mask or demeanor slips, people start to see what you are really thinking or feeling. "Of course," she said quickly, her professional mask never slipping. Glyn's calm demeanor seemed to be slipping. 卖手机真相: I encountered Louis last year, as he revealed some of the innards 内幕, 真想, 五脏六腑 of working in a Verizon store. (Louis is, of course, not his real name. He strong-armed 武力强迫 me not to reveal that.) A Verizon veteran of more than a decade, Louis explained how times had changed. He described the parameters 具体内容 of his job like this: "In addition to meeting a sales quota 销售指标, I also have to take bill payments, stock shelves, help grandma learn how to use the iPhone her grandkids forced her to buy and troubleshoot any and all warranty issues that arise." 11. be layered up, layer up 多穿几层, 里三层外三层的, 穿得一层层的. To dress in multiple layers before heading out. Done to protect oneself from cold elements or just to look mad fresh. Yo, I just gots to look fresh tonight. Layer Up!! Looks little cold out there. It's getting cold! How should I layer up this season? layered adj Something that is layered is made or exists in layers. Maria wore a layered white dress that rustled when she moved. brain aneurysm = aneurism [ˈænjəˌrɪzəm] 脑动脉瘤 A brain aneurysm (AN-yoo-riz-um) is a bulge or ballooning in a blood vessel in the brain. It often looks like a berry hanging on a stem. A brain aneurysm can leak or rupture, causing bleeding into the brain (hemorrhagic stroke). a serious swelling in the wall of an artery (=tube carrying blood round the body). 关于JFK (grassy knoll): The honor guard at Kennedy's graveside was the 37th Cadet Class of the Irish Army. Kennedy was greatly impressed by the Irish Cadets on his last official visit to Ireland, so much so that Jacqueline Kennedy requested the Irish Army to be the honor guard at her husband's funeral. Jacqueline and their two deceased minor children were later interred ( inter [ɪnˈtɜr] 埋葬, 埋骨, 长眠于, 安葬 to bury a dead person. ) in the same plot. Kennedy's brother Robert was buried nearby in June 1968. In August 2009, Ted was also buried near his two brothers. JFK's Inaugural address was a clarion call ( clarion call [ˈkleriən ˌkɔl] 动员起来, 动员令, 呼吁, 号召 a direct public request for people to take action. a strongly expressed demand or request for action. a very clear message or instruction about what action is needed: to issue/sound a clarion call for change. "he issued a clarion call to young people to join the Party". ) for public commitment. Elm [elm] tree 榆树 Elms are deciduous and semi-deciduous trees comprising the flowering plant genus Ulmus in the plant family Ulmaceae. The genus first appeared in the Miocene geological period about 20 million years ago, originating in what is now central Asia. patsy [ˈpatsi] 替罪羊 INFORMAL NORTH AMERICAN a person who is easily taken advantage of, especially by being cheated or blamed for something. "the blonde was drop-dead gorgeous but she was nobody's patsy". detest [dɪˈtest] 反感, 憎恨 to hate someone or something. If you detest someone or something, you dislike them very much. My mother detested him. Jean detested being photographed. They were united in their detestation of the government. Silly String (generically known as aerosol string) is a toy of flexible, sometimes brightly colored, plastic string propelled as a stream of liquid from an aerosol can. The solvent in the string quickly evaporates in mid-air, creating a continuous strand. Silly String is often used during weddings, birthday parties, carnivals and other festive occasions, but it has also proven useful militarily to detect tripwires 绊脚绳, 绊马索. A fireman's carry or fireman's lift (He was fireman carried out of the building. ) is a technique allowing one person to carry another person without assistance, by placing the carried person across the shoulders of the carrier. The technique was commonly used by firefighters to carry injured or unconscious people away from danger, but has been replaced in firefighting due to the drawback that smoke and heat are greater higher up, and may be fatal to the person being carried. The "fireman's carry" technique is still taught for use outside firefighting. Soldiers use this technique to carry wounded comrades. Lifeguards are sometimes trained to use the fireman's carry. dominant hand惯用手. 习惯使用的手. 12. 德州州长: In Thursday's radio interview, Bevin acknowledged that Forcht's opinions carry more weight 更管用 because of the money he contributes, but said Forcht gives to non-political causes, as well, and shouldn't be vilified 苛责 for having an opinion in favor of Baker. hook and eye latch 插销. scope out to examine someone or something carefully. to look carefully to see if something or someone is interesting or attractive: The conference starts on the 12th, but the building will be open on the 11th if you want to scope out the room ahead of time. We scoped out the local area to see if it would be a good place to rent a flat. We need to scope the competition before we open a new business. to assess the potential of (an opportunity or suggestion) a scoping-out study.
petty VS pittance VS petulant VS penance VS pedant VS menace VS gadfly pisser and nuisance: petty 不值一提的, 不重要的, 微不足道的 adj. I. of little importance; trivial. "the petty divisions of party politics". II. of secondary or lesser importance, rank, or scale; minor. "a petty official". pittance [ˈpɪt(ə)ns] an amount of money that is so small that it seems unfair. Sue gets paid an absolute pittance. petulant [ˈpɛtjʊl(ə)nt] 不高兴的, 闹脾气的, 耍脾气的 adj (of a person or their manner) childishly sulky or bad-tempered. "he was moody and petulant". penance [penəns] 忏悔, 补偿, 赎罪 If you do penance for something wrong that you have done, you do something that you find unpleasant to show that you are sorry. ...a time of fasting, penance and pilgrimage. The Koran recommends fasting as a penance before pilgrimages. pedant [pedənt] (pedantic [pɪˈdænt·ɪk] ) 斤斤计较的, 较真的 noun. If you say that someone is a pedant, you mean that they are too concerned with unimportant details or traditional rules, especially in connection with academic subjects. [disapproval] I am no pedant and avoid being dogmatic concerning English grammar and expression. menace [menɪs] I. [usually singular] If you say that someone or something is a menace to 伤害, 害虫 other people or things, you mean that person or thing is likely to cause serious harm. In my view you are a menace to the public. [+ to] ...the menace of fascism. II. You can refer to someone or something as a menace when you want to say that they cause you trouble or annoyance. [informal] You're a menace to my privacy, Kenworthy. [+ to] As I have said earlier in this book, bad shoes are a menace. III. Menace is a quality or atmosphere that gives you the feeling that you are in danger or that someone wants to harm you. There is a pervading sense of menace. ...a voice full of menace. nuisance [njuːsəns , US nuː-] 讨人厌, 讨人嫌的人, 烦人的人(what a pisser! what a pain in the arse. What a gadfly 大马蝇. ) I. If you say that someone or something is a nuisance, you mean that they annoy you or cause you a lot of problems. He could be a bit of a nuisance when he was drunk. Sorry to be a nuisance. What does it mean to be a gadfly 大马蝇, 打破现状, 挑战权威, 破坏者? A gadfly is a person who interferes with the status quo of a society or community by posing novel, potentially upsetting questions, usually directed at authorities. The term is originally associated with the ancient Greek philosopher Socrates, in his defense when on trial for his life. If you refer to someone as a gadfly, you believe that they deliberately annoy or challenge other people, especially people in authority. It still remains to be seen whether Buchanan will be just a gadfly or a real threat to the president. pisser I. something that is of very bad quality: There was some pisser of a movie about a boy and his dog on TV last night. II. something extremely good or humorous: It was a pisser of a party! III. something that is very annoying or not convenient: "I need to work late tonight." "What a pisser!"
Monday, 2 December 2019
have to hand it to someone VS give you that; terminology/semantics; peculiar VS particular; village idiot,village savant;
用法学习: 1. pharmaceutical [ˌfɑːməˈs(j)uːtɪk(ə)l] (US用词) adj. 制药的 Pharmaceutical means connected with the industrial production of medicine. relating to the production or sale of medicines and drugs used for treating medical conditions. the pharmaceutical industry. a pharmaceutical company/firm. ...a Swiss pharmaceutical company. noun. Pharmaceuticals are medicines. Antibiotics were of no use; neither were other pharmaceuticals. pharmacy [ˈfɑrməsi] (US 用词) I. [countable] 药店. a store where medicines are prepared and sold. a. the part of a store or hospital where medicines are prepared. II. [uncountable] the scientific study of methods of preparing medicines and drugs used for treating medical conditions. drugstore US = pharmacy (us 用词) a store that sells medicines, beauty products, and other goods. The usual British word is chemist. druggist [ˈdrʌɡɪst] US = pharmacist someone who prepares and sells medicines. The place where they work is a druggist’s or a drugstore. The usual British word is chemist. chemist (英澳新用词) I. 化学家. a scientist who studies chemistry. a brilliant young research chemist. II. British 药店店员. someone who works in a drugstore preparing and selling medicines. A chemist or a chemist's (英澳新用词) is a shop where drugs and medicines are sold or given out, and where you can buy cosmetics and some household goods. There are many creams available from the chemist which should clear the infection. She went into a chemist's and bought some aspirin. chemist or chemist's 药店 (British) a drugstore. 2. find/get/lose one's bearings 回过味来, 清醒过来, 找到方向感, 认清东南西北 to find one's position with reference to eg a known landmark. If we can find this hill, we'll be able to get our bearings. If you get your bearings or find your bearings, you find out where you are or what you should do next. If you lose your bearings, you do not know where you are or what you should do next. A sightseeing tour of the city is included to help you get your bearings. How badly the administration had lost its bearings was underlined by what happened yesterday. well-schooled 得到良好教育的, 知之甚多的 adj having been trained or educated sufficiently, as in a school. well-schooled ponies. water under the bridge 过去了, 木已成舟了 problems that someone has had in the past that they do not worry about because they happened a long time ago and cannot now be changed: Yes, we did have our disagreements but that's water under the bridge now. pleb [pleb] I. an insulting word for an ordinary person. This word shows that the speaker thinks ordinary people are not important or intelligent. In British, Irish, Australian, New Zealand and South African English the back-formation pleb, along with the more recently derived adjectival form plebby, is used as a derogatory term for someone considered unsophisticated or uncultured 没有教养的. If you describe someone as uncultured, you are critical of them because they do not seem to know much about art, literature, and other cultural topics. [disapproval] He comes from a completely uncultured, lower middle-class family. II. the ordinary people. common people of ancient Rome. patrician [pəˈtrɪʃ(ə)n] I. A patrician is a person who comes from a family of high social rank. belonging to or typical of the highest social class. a patrician gesture/manner/face. ...the patrician banker Sir Charles Villiers. II. If you describe someone as patrician, you mean that they behave in a sophisticated way, and look as though they are from a high social rank. He was a lean, patrician gent in his early sixties. ...her crisp, patrician voice. 3. 南非航空: Its already precarious ( [prɪˈkeriəs] I. likely to change or become dangerous without warning. a precarious future/situation/position/existence. For the refugees life was always precarious. II. not safe or likely to fall. Her position on the ledge was somewhat precarious. a precarious chimney. ) finances took another hit 又遭受打击 last month when workers staged a week-long strike that grounded a number of flights, and customers have cancelled bookings on others. SAA is now looking over the edge of a financial abyss 悬崖边上. Its balance sheet viability game is now very much in injury time 伤停补时时间. Tough strategic decisions need to be urgently implemented to put it on a sustainable footing and to regain the confidence of customers and other stakeholders. 4. "Render unto Caesar" is the beginning of a phrase attributed to Jesus in the synoptic gospels, which reads in full, "Render unto Caesar the things that are Caesar's, and unto God the things that are God's 尘归尘, 土归土, 该谁的是谁的. 是谁的就是谁的". This phrase has become a widely quoted summary of the relationship between Christianity, secular government, and society. The original message, coming in response to a question of whether it was lawful for Jews to pay taxes to Caesar, gives rise to multiple possible interpretations about the circumstances under which it is desirable for Christians to submit to earthly authority. 5. cutthroat 残酷的, 残忍的, 不择手段的 adj mainly UK not involving considering or worrying about any harm caused to others. showing no care or consideration for the harm done to others with whom you are in competition: He was unhappy working in the cutthroat world of advertising. the cutthroat world of journalism. The advertising world can be a very cutthroat business. menacing [ˈmenəsɪŋ] making you think that someone is going to do something bad: a menacing look/gesture. If someone or something looks menacing, they give you a feeling that they are likely to cause you harm or put you in danger. The strong dark eyebrows give his face an oddly menacing look. He moved his menacing bulk closer to the table. The wide river looked less menacing when flanked by the warm yellow houses. A group of men suddenly emerged from a doorway and moved menacingly forward to block her way. menace noun I. If you say that someone or something is a menace to other people or things, you mean that person or thing is likely to cause serious harm. In my view you are a menace to the public. ...the menace of fascism. II. You can refer to someone or something as a menace when you want to say that they cause you trouble or annoyance. [informal] You're a menace to my privacy, Kenworthy. As I have said earlier in this book, bad shoes are a menace. III. Menace is a quality or atmosphere that gives you the feeling that you are in danger or that someone wants to harm you. There is a pervading sense of menace. ...a voice full of menace. menace verb I. If you say that one thing menaces another, you mean that the first thing is likely to cause the second thing serious harm. The European states retained a latent capability to menace Britain's own security. II. If you are menaced by someone, they threaten to harm you. She's being menaced by her sister's latest boyfriend.
fabric 的用法:1. Webbed toes(脚趾粘连, 脚趾连在一起, 大脚怪) is the common name for syndactyly affecting the feet. It is characterized by the fusion of two or more digits of the feet. This is normal in many birds, such as ducks; amphibians, such as frogs; and mammals, such as kangaroos. In humans it is considered unusual, occurring in approximately one in 2,000 to 2,500 live births. The village idiot 村傻 in strict terms is a person locally known for ignorance or stupidity, but is also a common term for a stereotypically silly or nonsensical person. The term is also used as a stereotype of the mentally disabled. It has also been applied as an epithet for an unrealistically optimistic or naive individual. The village idiot was long considered an acceptable social role, a unique individual who was dependent yet contributed to the social fabric 社会根基 ( fabric I. [countable/uncountable] cloth, especially when it is used for making things such as clothes or curtains. plain/patterned/floral fabric. a wide range of furnishing fabrics. II. [singular] the basic structure of a society or organization. fabric of: Small shops help to maintain the fabric of neighbourhood life. the fabric of society 社会根基 基本架构, 基本组成: Drug abuse poses a major threat to the fabric of society. The fabric of a society or system is its basic structure, with all the customs and beliefs that make it work successfully. The fabric of society has been deeply damaged by the previous regime. [+ of] Years of civil war have wrecked the country's infrastructure and destroyed its social fabric. "Philip doesn't like trial by the media, but he is realistic enough to realise that Andrew's actions were a danger to the very fabric 基础, 根基 of the royal family," the source added. III. [singular] the roof and walls of a building. fabric of: The fabric of the building has deteriorated badly. social fabric 社会构成: The composite demographics of a defined area, which consists of its ethnic composition, wealth, education level, employment rate and regional values. It is a metaphor for how well the community members interact amongst themselves. If you consider all the individual members as threads, the "social fabric" is made by having those members interact, thus weaving the threads together. The tighter the weave (the more frequently and positively the members interact with each other), the stronger the fabric is; the looser the weave, the weaker the fabric, and the more likely to tear (have conflicts that pit one group against another), fray (lose members), develop loose threads (criminals), and otherwise suffer. Enhancing the social fabric, then, means to provide more and better interactions between members of the community so that they can make more friends, be more involved, be happy, be more willing to help someone when there is a need, and be inspired to keep their village a positive, pleasant place to live. ) of his community.. As early as Byzantine times, the "village idiot" was treated as an acceptable form of deranged individual compatible with then-prevailing normative ( Conforming to a norm or norms 正常的, 正规的, 正统的. normative behaviour. Attempting to establish or prescribe a norm. normative grammar. concerning rules, or forcing people to obey rules.) conceptions of social order. The concept of a "village savant" or "village genius"( savant [səˈvɑnt] someone who has a lot of knowledge. idiot savant someone with a mental disability who has a special ability in a particular subject, for example in mathematics. village bike (UK, slang, derogatory) A local woman who sleeps with many men. town bicycle A woman considered promiscuous. ) is closely related, often tied to the concept of pre-industrial anti-intellectualism, as both figures are subjects of both pity and derision. The social roles of the two are combined and applied, especially in the sociopolitical context, in the European medieval/Renaissance court jester. 2. 知名球员警告大家待在柜子里: Mr Kennett told Adelaide radio station 5AA. Jason Akermanis, a veteran of the sport who plays for Melbourne's Western Bulldogs team in the Australian Rules Football league (AFL), said that if a footballer revealed he was homosexual it could "break the fabric 动摇根基. 打破根基. ( fabric I. [countable/ uncountable] cloth, especially when it is used for making things such as clothes or curtains. plain/patterned/floral fabric a wide range of furnishing fabrics. II. [singular] 基本结构. 基本构成. 基本框架. the basic structure of a society or organization. fabric of: Small shops help to maintain the fabric of neighbourhood life. the fabric of society: Drug abuse poses a major threat to the fabric of society. III. [singular] the roof and walls of a building. fabric of 大架子, 大框架: The fabric of the building has deteriorated badly. fabric conditioner 柔软剂 a liquid used for making clothes soft when you wash them. ) of a club". 其他人对此言论的回应: "When you get comments like that from a guy of his stature( statue (ˈstætju:) 神像. statute (ˈstætju:t). stature [ˈstætʃə(r)] I. the amount of public respect or popularity that someone or something has. a man/woman of stature 广受尊敬的人, 广受欢迎的人. gain/grow/rise in stature: This club has grown in stature over the last 20 years. He's a writer who has grown in stature over the last few years. II. 身高. someone's height. She was a little short in stature. ), why would you come out? "He talks in a sense of 'we' ( talk sense to be reasonable. to speak in a reasonable way: Why don't you talk sense! Abdullah is liked by the people who work for him because he talks sense. I think it's time someone talked sense to us about conserving energy. talk some sense into somebody to help someone think about something in a reasonable way. My best friend talked some sense into me, and I was able to smooth things over with my mom. ) like he's speaking for every player in the AFL." "There is a performance aspect to the game, the beauty of the players and the physical attributes and all that, but there is a lot of machismo ( machismo [məˈkɪzməu] a macho attitude. macho [ˈmætʃəu] behaving in a way traditionally considered typical of a man, for example by being strong and willing to fight, and by hiding your feelings. Doug likes to kid everyone he's the big macho tough guy.) too, it's a culture in which men are tough and you don't show weakness示弱.".
Big Bang Theory: 1. Leonard: Pfff, I've done it, about two seconds, 2.6 for minestrone. Anyway, I was thinking more of a bio-social exploration with a neuro-chemical overlay 叠加 ( I. to cover the surface of something with a thin layer of a substance, especially for decoration. Silver overlay is bonded to the entire surface. ...an overlay of snow on the tops of the iron fences. The floor was overlaid with rugs of oriental design. ...woollen cloth, overlaid with gold and silver embroidery. II. to put one thing on top of another, so that they both show. software that lets you overlay graphics with text. III. if a sound, taste, smell, or feeling is overlaid with another one, enough of the other one is added to be noticeable. ). Lesley: Wait, are you asking me out? Leonard: I was going to characterise it as the modification of our colleague/friendship paradigm, with the addition of a date-like component. But we don't need to quibble over terminology 叫法, 用词 (怎么用词, 用词的选择, 怎么措辞) ( quibble 纠结于, 斤斤计较 [ˈkwɪb(ə)l] to argue or complain about something that is not important. When people quibble over a small matter, they argue about it even though it is not important. Council members spent the day quibbling over the final wording of the resolution. Let's not quibble. Here's what's gonna happen. You're gonna teach me how to do that. Do what? Pretend to like comic books. Oh, no, I actually like comic books. All right, let's not get hung up on semantics. It's late, we got a lot of work to do. be hung up on sth 纠结于, 拘泥于 to be extremely interested in or worried by a particular subject and spend an unreasonably large amount of time thinking about it: Why are you so hung up on getting everything right? semantics [səˈmæntɪks] 词义的理解上 I. the study of words and their meanings. II. the meaning of words and phrases. ). Lesley: What sort of experiment would you propose? semantics [səˈmæntɪks] (terminology 用词的选择上, 叫法上) I. (linguistics) the study of words and their meanings. A branch of linguistics studying the meaning of words. Semantics is a foundation of lexicography. II. 词意. The individual meanings of words, as opposed to the overall meaning of a passage. The semantics of the terms used are debatable. The semantics of a single preposition is a dissertation in itself. And while Kim acknowledged his delivery could've been smoother, the budding law student made it clear that, semantics 措辞 aside, Kanye's sentiment 情绪 wasn't technically wrong. a matter of semantics 说法不同, 一个意思: The remark asserts that agreement as to the meaning of one or more specified terms is not critical to 不重要, 无关紧要 the productive progression of a given discussion, debate or argument. Two people are debating, and one says "the difference between your position and mine is just a matter of semantics." This would seem to me to be quite an important difference. "it is just a matter of terminology" or "just a matter of phrasing" 用词不同. I guess it seems that there is a popular notion that semantics is about very fine distinctions, such as: I think it's just a matter of semantics, not so much a difference per se. Another interpretation seems to be that semantics is the difference between two ways of saying the same thing: I usually involve the students in the creation of classroom rules. To me, we are just agreeing upon how we can make our classroom a safe and fun place to be. I don't know if it's really so different from a DWS approach of having procedures, but "no rules." Isn't this just a matter of semantics? Maybe it is just a way of stopping an annoying conversation: In ordinary conversations, when people debate a point and the words they are using for discussion they often backhand this disagreement with the phrase "It's a matter of semantics.". And then there is some usage that I simply don't understand: I recently spoke at a men' event in which one of the participants asked me if having a good and noble heart was just a matter of semantics. -- In other words, does it really matter? And also: The Argument for and against the 6-3-3-4 system of education has raged on as stakeholders give conflicting position on whether it stays or not .... the 6-3-3-4 policy is just a matter of semantics, the government cannot take decisions without due consultations. playing with semantics 抠字眼: The word "semantics" means the interpretation 解读不同 of the meaning of a word or sentence. So if someone says you are just playing with semantics they are probably trying to tell you that you are avoiding the real issue involved in whatever it was you were talking about. So, instead of responding to the substance of what was said you may be focusing instead on arguing over the meaning of some word or phrase. People often quibble over semantics when confronted with a difficult or unpleasant topic to avoid dealing directly with it. 2. Penny: Okay, well, you know, it's just me. I'm still getting over this break-up with Kurt, and this thing with Doug would be just rebound sex. Leonard: Ugh, don't get me started on rebound sex. Penny: It's just, it's my pattern 我总是这样, 都成习惯了. I break up, then I find some cute guy, and then it's just thirty six meaningless of… well, you know. Leonard: I'm not sure that I do. Um, is that one thirty-six hour experience, or is it thirty six hours spread out over say, one… glorious summer. Penny: No, it's usually over a weekend, and trust me, you do not feel good after it. Leonard: Well, chafing( [tʃeɪf] I. [intransitive] to feel annoyed and impatient about something that stops you doing what you want. chafe at/under: We were all beginning to chafe a little under such close supervision. II. [intransitive/transitive] to rub the skin on a part of your body and make it sore. The collar had been chafing his neck. The backpack's straps were beginning to chafe 磨得慌. a. [transitive] to rub a part of your body in order to make it warm. III. used in cookery to describe when someone overworks scone dough, so that it ends up with too much air in it. ), right? Penny: Emotionally. Leonard: Of course, yeah, emotional chafing. Hey, do you want to see something cool? (Penny nods.) I can make this olive go into this glass without touching it. Penny: How? Leonard: Physics. (He places the glass over the olive and spins it until the olive gets caught up on the side). Penny: Wow, centrifugal force 离心力! Leonard: Actually, it's centripetal 向心力 force, which is an inward force generated by the glass acting on the olive. (The olive drops.) Excuse me. (Leonard disappears under table.) Now, if you were riding on the olive, you'd be in a non-inertial reference frame, and would (he bangs his head on the underside of the table.) Penny: Are you okay? 3. Sheldon: A more plausible explanation is that his work in robotics has made an amazing leap forward 取得重大进展. Leonard: You know, I'm sure if you just apologised to Gablehauser he would give you your job back. Sheldon: I don't want my job back. I've spent the last three and a half years staring at greaseboards full of equations. Before that I spent four years working on my thesis. Before that I was in college, and before that, I was in the fifth grade. This is my first day off in decades, and I'm going to savour it ( savor = savour I. If you savour an experience, you enjoy it as much as you can. She savored her newfound freedom. We won't pretend we savour the prospect of a month in prison. I have this feeling of being given a second chance, and I savour every moment. II. 品味. If you savour food or drink, you eat or drink it slowly in order to taste its full flavour and to enjoy it properly. Savour the flavour of each mouthful, and chew your food well. ). Leonard: Okay. I'll let you get back to fixing your eggs. Sheldon: I'm not just fixing my eggs, I'm fixing everyone's eggs. 4. Penny: How come you didn't go into work today. Sheldon: I'm taking a sabbatical, because I won't kow-tow to mediocre minds. Penny: So you got canned ( get canned 开除 To be summarily dismissed or ousted from employment; to be fired. The new accountant got canned after a miscalculation cost the company hundreds of thousands of dollars. shitcan (aussie slang) : The "shitcan" refers to the toilet. The imagery refers to the old fashioned "thunderbox" that contained a literal shitcan. If you (or your idea/s, project/s etc) were shitcanned, you were metaphorically dumped into the toilet. It does not necessarily mean fired, but it is often also used that way with the imagery being slightly extended by you being discarded with the rest of the shit & carted away (or in the modern sense, flushed away). to denigrate 挖苦, 讽刺, 嘲笑 unmercifully. To discard, particularly to terminate a person's employment. denigrate [ˈdenɪˌɡreɪt] to criticize something in a way that shows you think it has no value at all. If you denigrate someone or something, you criticize them unfairly or insult them. They denigrated his work, questioning whether it did anything to confront the problems. ...the denigration of minorities in this country. ), huh? Sheldon: Theoretical physicists do not get canned. But yeah. Penny: Well, maybe it's all for the best, you know I always say, when one door closes, another one opens. 5. Leonard: That was three weeks ago. Sheldon: Well then buckle up 准备好了, in the next four to eight days (指月经会来) she's going to get very crabby (easily annoyed by unimportant things. Someone who is crabby is bad-tempered and unpleasant to people. ). Mrs Cooper: Sweetheart, your little friend is concerned about you. Sheldon: Yes, well I'm not a child, I'm a grown man capable of living my life as I see fit 我觉得合适. And I certainly don't need someone telling on me to my mother. 6. Sheldon: I've been thinking about time travel again. Leonard: Why, did you hit a roadblock with invisibility? Sheldon: Put it on the back burner. Anyway, it occurs to me, if I ever did perfect a time machine, I'd just go into the past and give it to myself, thus eliminating the need for me to invent it in the first place. Leonard: Interesting. Sheldon: Yeah, it really takes the pressure off. Leonard: Sounds like a breakthrough, should I call the science magazines and tell them to hold the front cover? (Exiting the apartment.) Sheldon: It's time travel, Leonard, I will have already done that. Leonard: Then I guess congratulations are in order. Sheldon: No, congratulations will have been in order. You know, I'm not going to enjoy this party. Leonard: I know, I'm familiar with you. Sheldon: At the last department party, Dr Finkleday cornered me and talked about spelunking 钻岩洞 ( [spəˈlʌŋkɪŋ] = BRIT potholing the activity of climbing into caves under the ground for enjoyment. Spelunking is the leisure activity of going into underground caves and tunnels. ) for 45 minutes. Leonard: Yes, I was there. Sheldon: You know what's interesting about caves, Leonard? Leonard: What? Sheldon: Nothing. Leonard: Well then we'll avoid Finkleday, we'll meet the new department head, congratulate him, shake his hand and go. Sheldon: How's this? Pleased to meet you, Dr Gablehouser. How fortunate for you that the University has chosen to hire you, despite the fact that you've done no original research in 25 years, and instead have written a series of popular books that reduce the great concepts of science to a series of anecdotes, each one dumbed down to accommodate the duration of an average bowel movement. Mahalo. Leonard: Mahalo's a nice touch. Sheldon: Do you know there are only eight consonants in the Hawaiian language. Leonard: Interesting, you should lead with that ( lead with something 头条 I. to put a particular story first or in the most important position in a news report or newspaper: The Times leads with the coming mayoral elections. if a newspaper or television programme leads with a particular story, that story is the main one. The 'Washington Post' leads with the latest news from Israel. II. to use a particular hand to begin an attack in boxing, or a particular foot to begin a dance. to begin an attack in boxing with a particular hand or hit. He led with a right jab. Adam led with his left and punched his opponent on the jaw. III. 开场白. to begin a speech, news broadcast, story etc with a particular story or subject. We'll lead with the Prime Minister's visit to China. ).
peculiar VS particular: peculiar [ pɪˈkjuljər] I. If you describe someone or something as peculiar, you think that they are strange or unusual, sometimes in an unpleasant way. Mr Kennet has a rather peculiar sense of humour. Rachel thought it tasted peculiar. His face had become peculiarly expressionless. strange, often in an unpleasant way a peculiar smell. He told me a most peculiar story. I felt a little bit peculiar (=ill) and had to lie down. II. If something is peculiar to a particular thing, person, or situation, it belongs or relates only to that thing, person, or situation. The problem is by no means peculiar to 特有的, 独有的 America. Cricket is so peculiarly English. especially true or typical of a particular person, thing, or situation. Each person's handwriting has its own peculiar characteristics. Water holds a peculiar fascination for children. peculiar to: We shared an excitement peculiar to bird watchers. III. If you say that you feel peculiar, you mean that you feel slightly ill or unsteady. All this has made me feel quite peculiar 感觉不舒服的. funny ha-ha or funny peculiar used for saying or asking whether the word 'funny' is being used to mean 'amusing' or 'strange'. 'You are funny, Albert.' 'Funny ha-ha or peculiar?'. particular [pərtɪkjʊlər] I. You use particular to emphasize that you are talking about one thing or one kind of thing rather than other similar ones. [emphasis] I remembered a particular story about a postman who was a murderer. I have to know exactly why it is I'm doing a particular job. ...if there are particular things you're interested in. used for emphasizing that you are talking about one specific person or thing and not anyone or anything else Are there any particular topics that you would like me to explain further? I remember one particular incident when he almost drove his car off a cliff. II. If a person or thing has a particular quality or possession, it is distinct and belongs only to them. I have a particular responsibility to ensure I make the right decision. clearly different and belonging to just one person or thing. He has a very particular philosophy, which involves owning as little as possible. III. You can use particular to emphasize that something is greater or more intense than usual. especially great. Two matters need to be given particular attention 特别注意, 尤其注意 (attention, concern, emphasis, importance, need, relevance, significance). For the local population, street crime is an issue of particular concern. Particular emphasis will be placed on oral language training. IV. If you say that someone is particular, you mean that they choose things and do things very carefully, and are not easily satisfied. someone who is particular has very clear ideas about what they like and dislike and wants everything to be exactly as they like it. Mr Drew is known for being very particular. particular about: She's very particular about what she eats. Ted was very particular about the colors he used. particulars 个人信息 The particulars of something or someone are facts or details about them which are written down and kept as a record. You will find all the particulars in Chapter 9. The nurses at the admission desk asked her for particulars. ...a written statement of particulars of employment. in particular You use in particular to indicate that what you are saying applies especially to one thing or person. The situation in rural areas in particular is worrying. Why should he notice her car in particular? In particular I admire his determination. nothing in particular You use nothing in particular or nobody in particular to mean nothing or nobody important or special. I went along thinking of nothing in particular only looking at things around me. Drew made some remarks to nobody in particular and said goodbye.
have to hand it to someone VS give you that: have (got) to hand it to someone to recognize that someone deserves respect for what the person did. to give credit to someone. used for saying that you admire someone for something that they have done. You've got to hand it to her, she built that cabin herself. give someone that = give it to you on that = I'll give you that 我承认, 我认可 used for saying you accept that part of what someone has said is true, but not all of it. to indicate that you admit that someone has a particular characteristic or ability. You're a bright enough kid, I'll give you that. Oh, he's charming enough, I'll give you that, but I wouldn't trust him an inch. When we say, "we give (someone) that" or "we have to give it to (someone)" it means we are agreeing about a quality that someone has. You often hear expressions like "she's smart, I'll give her that" 承认这一点 or "he did a good job - I'll have to give him that". In other words, you are agreeing -she is smart; he did a good job. Sometimes people use this expression when describing someone they may not even like. For example, "I don't even like him, but he is talented; I have to give him that." I hope that makes sense. I could easily say I have to allow her that. The grudging nature of the expression often prepares the reader for some disparaging remark. to give it to someone I. to have sex with someone. II. scold or punish someone. To beat up or punish someone. "I'm gonna give it to you like my daddy gave it to me!" III. To put up a good fight against someone.
fabric 的用法:1. Webbed toes(脚趾粘连, 脚趾连在一起, 大脚怪) is the common name for syndactyly affecting the feet. It is characterized by the fusion of two or more digits of the feet. This is normal in many birds, such as ducks; amphibians, such as frogs; and mammals, such as kangaroos. In humans it is considered unusual, occurring in approximately one in 2,000 to 2,500 live births. The village idiot 村傻 in strict terms is a person locally known for ignorance or stupidity, but is also a common term for a stereotypically silly or nonsensical person. The term is also used as a stereotype of the mentally disabled. It has also been applied as an epithet for an unrealistically optimistic or naive individual. The village idiot was long considered an acceptable social role, a unique individual who was dependent yet contributed to the social fabric 社会根基 ( fabric I. [countable/uncountable] cloth, especially when it is used for making things such as clothes or curtains. plain/patterned/floral fabric. a wide range of furnishing fabrics. II. [singular] the basic structure of a society or organization. fabric of: Small shops help to maintain the fabric of neighbourhood life. the fabric of society 社会根基 基本架构, 基本组成: Drug abuse poses a major threat to the fabric of society. The fabric of a society or system is its basic structure, with all the customs and beliefs that make it work successfully. The fabric of society has been deeply damaged by the previous regime. [+ of] Years of civil war have wrecked the country's infrastructure and destroyed its social fabric. "Philip doesn't like trial by the media, but he is realistic enough to realise that Andrew's actions were a danger to the very fabric 基础, 根基 of the royal family," the source added. III. [singular] the roof and walls of a building. fabric of: The fabric of the building has deteriorated badly. social fabric 社会构成: The composite demographics of a defined area, which consists of its ethnic composition, wealth, education level, employment rate and regional values. It is a metaphor for how well the community members interact amongst themselves. If you consider all the individual members as threads, the "social fabric" is made by having those members interact, thus weaving the threads together. The tighter the weave (the more frequently and positively the members interact with each other), the stronger the fabric is; the looser the weave, the weaker the fabric, and the more likely to tear (have conflicts that pit one group against another), fray (lose members), develop loose threads (criminals), and otherwise suffer. Enhancing the social fabric, then, means to provide more and better interactions between members of the community so that they can make more friends, be more involved, be happy, be more willing to help someone when there is a need, and be inspired to keep their village a positive, pleasant place to live. ) of his community.. As early as Byzantine times, the "village idiot" was treated as an acceptable form of deranged individual compatible with then-prevailing normative ( Conforming to a norm or norms 正常的, 正规的, 正统的. normative behaviour. Attempting to establish or prescribe a norm. normative grammar. concerning rules, or forcing people to obey rules.) conceptions of social order. The concept of a "village savant" or "village genius"( savant [səˈvɑnt] someone who has a lot of knowledge. idiot savant someone with a mental disability who has a special ability in a particular subject, for example in mathematics. village bike (UK, slang, derogatory) A local woman who sleeps with many men. town bicycle A woman considered promiscuous. ) is closely related, often tied to the concept of pre-industrial anti-intellectualism, as both figures are subjects of both pity and derision. The social roles of the two are combined and applied, especially in the sociopolitical context, in the European medieval/Renaissance court jester. 2. 知名球员警告大家待在柜子里: Mr Kennett told Adelaide radio station 5AA. Jason Akermanis, a veteran of the sport who plays for Melbourne's Western Bulldogs team in the Australian Rules Football league (AFL), said that if a footballer revealed he was homosexual it could "break the fabric 动摇根基. 打破根基. ( fabric I. [countable/ uncountable] cloth, especially when it is used for making things such as clothes or curtains. plain/patterned/floral fabric a wide range of furnishing fabrics. II. [singular] 基本结构. 基本构成. 基本框架. the basic structure of a society or organization. fabric of: Small shops help to maintain the fabric of neighbourhood life. the fabric of society: Drug abuse poses a major threat to the fabric of society. III. [singular] the roof and walls of a building. fabric of 大架子, 大框架: The fabric of the building has deteriorated badly. fabric conditioner 柔软剂 a liquid used for making clothes soft when you wash them. ) of a club". 其他人对此言论的回应: "When you get comments like that from a guy of his stature( statue (ˈstætju:) 神像. statute (ˈstætju:t). stature [ˈstætʃə(r)] I. the amount of public respect or popularity that someone or something has. a man/woman of stature 广受尊敬的人, 广受欢迎的人. gain/grow/rise in stature: This club has grown in stature over the last 20 years. He's a writer who has grown in stature over the last few years. II. 身高. someone's height. She was a little short in stature. ), why would you come out? "He talks in a sense of 'we' ( talk sense to be reasonable. to speak in a reasonable way: Why don't you talk sense! Abdullah is liked by the people who work for him because he talks sense. I think it's time someone talked sense to us about conserving energy. talk some sense into somebody to help someone think about something in a reasonable way. My best friend talked some sense into me, and I was able to smooth things over with my mom. ) like he's speaking for every player in the AFL." "There is a performance aspect to the game, the beauty of the players and the physical attributes and all that, but there is a lot of machismo ( machismo [məˈkɪzməu] a macho attitude. macho [ˈmætʃəu] behaving in a way traditionally considered typical of a man, for example by being strong and willing to fight, and by hiding your feelings. Doug likes to kid everyone he's the big macho tough guy.) too, it's a culture in which men are tough and you don't show weakness示弱.".
Big Bang Theory: 1. Leonard: Pfff, I've done it, about two seconds, 2.6 for minestrone. Anyway, I was thinking more of a bio-social exploration with a neuro-chemical overlay 叠加 ( I. to cover the surface of something with a thin layer of a substance, especially for decoration. Silver overlay is bonded to the entire surface. ...an overlay of snow on the tops of the iron fences. The floor was overlaid with rugs of oriental design. ...woollen cloth, overlaid with gold and silver embroidery. II. to put one thing on top of another, so that they both show. software that lets you overlay graphics with text. III. if a sound, taste, smell, or feeling is overlaid with another one, enough of the other one is added to be noticeable. ). Lesley: Wait, are you asking me out? Leonard: I was going to characterise it as the modification of our colleague/friendship paradigm, with the addition of a date-like component. But we don't need to quibble over terminology 叫法, 用词 (怎么用词, 用词的选择, 怎么措辞) ( quibble 纠结于, 斤斤计较 [ˈkwɪb(ə)l] to argue or complain about something that is not important. When people quibble over a small matter, they argue about it even though it is not important. Council members spent the day quibbling over the final wording of the resolution. Let's not quibble. Here's what's gonna happen. You're gonna teach me how to do that. Do what? Pretend to like comic books. Oh, no, I actually like comic books. All right, let's not get hung up on semantics. It's late, we got a lot of work to do. be hung up on sth 纠结于, 拘泥于 to be extremely interested in or worried by a particular subject and spend an unreasonably large amount of time thinking about it: Why are you so hung up on getting everything right? semantics [səˈmæntɪks] 词义的理解上 I. the study of words and their meanings. II. the meaning of words and phrases. ). Lesley: What sort of experiment would you propose? semantics [səˈmæntɪks] (terminology 用词的选择上, 叫法上) I. (linguistics) the study of words and their meanings. A branch of linguistics studying the meaning of words. Semantics is a foundation of lexicography. II. 词意. The individual meanings of words, as opposed to the overall meaning of a passage. The semantics of the terms used are debatable. The semantics of a single preposition is a dissertation in itself. And while Kim acknowledged his delivery could've been smoother, the budding law student made it clear that, semantics 措辞 aside, Kanye's sentiment 情绪 wasn't technically wrong. a matter of semantics 说法不同, 一个意思: The remark asserts that agreement as to the meaning of one or more specified terms is not critical to 不重要, 无关紧要 the productive progression of a given discussion, debate or argument. Two people are debating, and one says "the difference between your position and mine is just a matter of semantics." This would seem to me to be quite an important difference. "it is just a matter of terminology" or "just a matter of phrasing" 用词不同. I guess it seems that there is a popular notion that semantics is about very fine distinctions, such as: I think it's just a matter of semantics, not so much a difference per se. Another interpretation seems to be that semantics is the difference between two ways of saying the same thing: I usually involve the students in the creation of classroom rules. To me, we are just agreeing upon how we can make our classroom a safe and fun place to be. I don't know if it's really so different from a DWS approach of having procedures, but "no rules." Isn't this just a matter of semantics? Maybe it is just a way of stopping an annoying conversation: In ordinary conversations, when people debate a point and the words they are using for discussion they often backhand this disagreement with the phrase "It's a matter of semantics.". And then there is some usage that I simply don't understand: I recently spoke at a men' event in which one of the participants asked me if having a good and noble heart was just a matter of semantics. -- In other words, does it really matter? And also: The Argument for and against the 6-3-3-4 system of education has raged on as stakeholders give conflicting position on whether it stays or not .... the 6-3-3-4 policy is just a matter of semantics, the government cannot take decisions without due consultations. playing with semantics 抠字眼: The word "semantics" means the interpretation 解读不同 of the meaning of a word or sentence. So if someone says you are just playing with semantics they are probably trying to tell you that you are avoiding the real issue involved in whatever it was you were talking about. So, instead of responding to the substance of what was said you may be focusing instead on arguing over the meaning of some word or phrase. People often quibble over semantics when confronted with a difficult or unpleasant topic to avoid dealing directly with it. 2. Penny: Okay, well, you know, it's just me. I'm still getting over this break-up with Kurt, and this thing with Doug would be just rebound sex. Leonard: Ugh, don't get me started on rebound sex. Penny: It's just, it's my pattern 我总是这样, 都成习惯了. I break up, then I find some cute guy, and then it's just thirty six meaningless of… well, you know. Leonard: I'm not sure that I do. Um, is that one thirty-six hour experience, or is it thirty six hours spread out over say, one… glorious summer. Penny: No, it's usually over a weekend, and trust me, you do not feel good after it. Leonard: Well, chafing( [tʃeɪf] I. [intransitive] to feel annoyed and impatient about something that stops you doing what you want. chafe at/under: We were all beginning to chafe a little under such close supervision. II. [intransitive/transitive] to rub the skin on a part of your body and make it sore. The collar had been chafing his neck. The backpack's straps were beginning to chafe 磨得慌. a. [transitive] to rub a part of your body in order to make it warm. III. used in cookery to describe when someone overworks scone dough, so that it ends up with too much air in it. ), right? Penny: Emotionally. Leonard: Of course, yeah, emotional chafing. Hey, do you want to see something cool? (Penny nods.) I can make this olive go into this glass without touching it. Penny: How? Leonard: Physics. (He places the glass over the olive and spins it until the olive gets caught up on the side). Penny: Wow, centrifugal force 离心力! Leonard: Actually, it's centripetal 向心力 force, which is an inward force generated by the glass acting on the olive. (The olive drops.) Excuse me. (Leonard disappears under table.) Now, if you were riding on the olive, you'd be in a non-inertial reference frame, and would (he bangs his head on the underside of the table.) Penny: Are you okay? 3. Sheldon: A more plausible explanation is that his work in robotics has made an amazing leap forward 取得重大进展. Leonard: You know, I'm sure if you just apologised to Gablehauser he would give you your job back. Sheldon: I don't want my job back. I've spent the last three and a half years staring at greaseboards full of equations. Before that I spent four years working on my thesis. Before that I was in college, and before that, I was in the fifth grade. This is my first day off in decades, and I'm going to savour it ( savor = savour I. If you savour an experience, you enjoy it as much as you can. She savored her newfound freedom. We won't pretend we savour the prospect of a month in prison. I have this feeling of being given a second chance, and I savour every moment. II. 品味. If you savour food or drink, you eat or drink it slowly in order to taste its full flavour and to enjoy it properly. Savour the flavour of each mouthful, and chew your food well. ). Leonard: Okay. I'll let you get back to fixing your eggs. Sheldon: I'm not just fixing my eggs, I'm fixing everyone's eggs. 4. Penny: How come you didn't go into work today. Sheldon: I'm taking a sabbatical, because I won't kow-tow to mediocre minds. Penny: So you got canned ( get canned 开除 To be summarily dismissed or ousted from employment; to be fired. The new accountant got canned after a miscalculation cost the company hundreds of thousands of dollars. shitcan (aussie slang) : The "shitcan" refers to the toilet. The imagery refers to the old fashioned "thunderbox" that contained a literal shitcan. If you (or your idea/s, project/s etc) were shitcanned, you were metaphorically dumped into the toilet. It does not necessarily mean fired, but it is often also used that way with the imagery being slightly extended by you being discarded with the rest of the shit & carted away (or in the modern sense, flushed away). to denigrate 挖苦, 讽刺, 嘲笑 unmercifully. To discard, particularly to terminate a person's employment. denigrate [ˈdenɪˌɡreɪt] to criticize something in a way that shows you think it has no value at all. If you denigrate someone or something, you criticize them unfairly or insult them. They denigrated his work, questioning whether it did anything to confront the problems. ...the denigration of minorities in this country. ), huh? Sheldon: Theoretical physicists do not get canned. But yeah. Penny: Well, maybe it's all for the best, you know I always say, when one door closes, another one opens. 5. Leonard: That was three weeks ago. Sheldon: Well then buckle up 准备好了, in the next four to eight days (指月经会来) she's going to get very crabby (easily annoyed by unimportant things. Someone who is crabby is bad-tempered and unpleasant to people. ). Mrs Cooper: Sweetheart, your little friend is concerned about you. Sheldon: Yes, well I'm not a child, I'm a grown man capable of living my life as I see fit 我觉得合适. And I certainly don't need someone telling on me to my mother. 6. Sheldon: I've been thinking about time travel again. Leonard: Why, did you hit a roadblock with invisibility? Sheldon: Put it on the back burner. Anyway, it occurs to me, if I ever did perfect a time machine, I'd just go into the past and give it to myself, thus eliminating the need for me to invent it in the first place. Leonard: Interesting. Sheldon: Yeah, it really takes the pressure off. Leonard: Sounds like a breakthrough, should I call the science magazines and tell them to hold the front cover? (Exiting the apartment.) Sheldon: It's time travel, Leonard, I will have already done that. Leonard: Then I guess congratulations are in order. Sheldon: No, congratulations will have been in order. You know, I'm not going to enjoy this party. Leonard: I know, I'm familiar with you. Sheldon: At the last department party, Dr Finkleday cornered me and talked about spelunking 钻岩洞 ( [spəˈlʌŋkɪŋ] = BRIT potholing the activity of climbing into caves under the ground for enjoyment. Spelunking is the leisure activity of going into underground caves and tunnels. ) for 45 minutes. Leonard: Yes, I was there. Sheldon: You know what's interesting about caves, Leonard? Leonard: What? Sheldon: Nothing. Leonard: Well then we'll avoid Finkleday, we'll meet the new department head, congratulate him, shake his hand and go. Sheldon: How's this? Pleased to meet you, Dr Gablehouser. How fortunate for you that the University has chosen to hire you, despite the fact that you've done no original research in 25 years, and instead have written a series of popular books that reduce the great concepts of science to a series of anecdotes, each one dumbed down to accommodate the duration of an average bowel movement. Mahalo. Leonard: Mahalo's a nice touch. Sheldon: Do you know there are only eight consonants in the Hawaiian language. Leonard: Interesting, you should lead with that ( lead with something 头条 I. to put a particular story first or in the most important position in a news report or newspaper: The Times leads with the coming mayoral elections. if a newspaper or television programme leads with a particular story, that story is the main one. The 'Washington Post' leads with the latest news from Israel. II. to use a particular hand to begin an attack in boxing, or a particular foot to begin a dance. to begin an attack in boxing with a particular hand or hit. He led with a right jab. Adam led with his left and punched his opponent on the jaw. III. 开场白. to begin a speech, news broadcast, story etc with a particular story or subject. We'll lead with the Prime Minister's visit to China. ).
peculiar VS particular: peculiar [ pɪˈkjuljər] I. If you describe someone or something as peculiar, you think that they are strange or unusual, sometimes in an unpleasant way. Mr Kennet has a rather peculiar sense of humour. Rachel thought it tasted peculiar. His face had become peculiarly expressionless. strange, often in an unpleasant way a peculiar smell. He told me a most peculiar story. I felt a little bit peculiar (=ill) and had to lie down. II. If something is peculiar to a particular thing, person, or situation, it belongs or relates only to that thing, person, or situation. The problem is by no means peculiar to 特有的, 独有的 America. Cricket is so peculiarly English. especially true or typical of a particular person, thing, or situation. Each person's handwriting has its own peculiar characteristics. Water holds a peculiar fascination for children. peculiar to: We shared an excitement peculiar to bird watchers. III. If you say that you feel peculiar, you mean that you feel slightly ill or unsteady. All this has made me feel quite peculiar 感觉不舒服的. funny ha-ha or funny peculiar used for saying or asking whether the word 'funny' is being used to mean 'amusing' or 'strange'. 'You are funny, Albert.' 'Funny ha-ha or peculiar?'. particular [pərtɪkjʊlər] I. You use particular to emphasize that you are talking about one thing or one kind of thing rather than other similar ones. [emphasis] I remembered a particular story about a postman who was a murderer. I have to know exactly why it is I'm doing a particular job. ...if there are particular things you're interested in. used for emphasizing that you are talking about one specific person or thing and not anyone or anything else Are there any particular topics that you would like me to explain further? I remember one particular incident when he almost drove his car off a cliff. II. If a person or thing has a particular quality or possession, it is distinct and belongs only to them. I have a particular responsibility to ensure I make the right decision. clearly different and belonging to just one person or thing. He has a very particular philosophy, which involves owning as little as possible. III. You can use particular to emphasize that something is greater or more intense than usual. especially great. Two matters need to be given particular attention 特别注意, 尤其注意 (attention, concern, emphasis, importance, need, relevance, significance). For the local population, street crime is an issue of particular concern. Particular emphasis will be placed on oral language training. IV. If you say that someone is particular, you mean that they choose things and do things very carefully, and are not easily satisfied. someone who is particular has very clear ideas about what they like and dislike and wants everything to be exactly as they like it. Mr Drew is known for being very particular. particular about: She's very particular about what she eats. Ted was very particular about the colors he used. particulars 个人信息 The particulars of something or someone are facts or details about them which are written down and kept as a record. You will find all the particulars in Chapter 9. The nurses at the admission desk asked her for particulars. ...a written statement of particulars of employment. in particular You use in particular to indicate that what you are saying applies especially to one thing or person. The situation in rural areas in particular is worrying. Why should he notice her car in particular? In particular I admire his determination. nothing in particular You use nothing in particular or nobody in particular to mean nothing or nobody important or special. I went along thinking of nothing in particular only looking at things around me. Drew made some remarks to nobody in particular and said goodbye.
have to hand it to someone VS give you that: have (got) to hand it to someone to recognize that someone deserves respect for what the person did. to give credit to someone. used for saying that you admire someone for something that they have done. You've got to hand it to her, she built that cabin herself. give someone that = give it to you on that = I'll give you that 我承认, 我认可 used for saying you accept that part of what someone has said is true, but not all of it. to indicate that you admit that someone has a particular characteristic or ability. You're a bright enough kid, I'll give you that. Oh, he's charming enough, I'll give you that, but I wouldn't trust him an inch. When we say, "we give (someone) that" or "we have to give it to (someone)" it means we are agreeing about a quality that someone has. You often hear expressions like "she's smart, I'll give her that" 承认这一点 or "he did a good job - I'll have to give him that". In other words, you are agreeing -she is smart; he did a good job. Sometimes people use this expression when describing someone they may not even like. For example, "I don't even like him, but he is talented; I have to give him that." I hope that makes sense. I could easily say I have to allow her that. The grudging nature of the expression often prepares the reader for some disparaging remark. to give it to someone I. to have sex with someone. II. scold or punish someone. To beat up or punish someone. "I'm gonna give it to you like my daddy gave it to me!" III. To put up a good fight against someone.
Thursday, 28 November 2019
Crossed wires, cross purposes. unify VS unite;
用法学习: 1. Ellen Show: Most A-list guests can expect to have a bit of a laugh and perhaps a good-natured 无伤大雅的, 开玩笑的 ribbing( I. a riblike structure or pattern. "a fleecy sweatshirt with ribbing at neck, cuffs, and hem". a pattern of raised lines on a piece of clothing made from wool. Ribbing is a method of knitting that makes a raised pattern of parallel lines. You use ribbing, for example, round the edge of sweaters so that the material can stretch without losing its shape. 衣服上一道道突起来的花样: He liked the ribbing on the cuffs of the sweater. II. informal good-natured teasing. the act of laughing at someone in a friendly way as a joke: They gave him a ribbing about his accent. "he took a good deal of ribbing with the utmost good humour". rib I. Rib is a method of knitting that makes a raised pattern of parallel lines. You use rib, for example, round the edge of sweaters so that the material can stretch without losing its shape. II. If you rib 起哄 someone about something, you tease them about it in a friendly way. [informal] The guys in my local pub used to rib me about drinking 'girly' drinks. well-meaning 出于好心的, 善意的 trying to help but often making things worse. Her well-meaning remarks just make us uncomfortable. a well-meaning friend/person/group. good-natured 不容易生气的, 好脾气的, 开得起玩笑地 kind and friendly, and not easily annoyed. A good-natured person or animal is naturally friendly and does not get angry easily. Bates looks like a good-natured lad. He was good natured about it, he didn't fuss. ), but very few would expect a serious grilling. Ellen immediately got stuck into Dakota for not inviting her to the party, which was quickly met with a flat denial from Johnson. "Of course I like you," Ellen responded with a shocked expression. "You knew I liked you! You've been on the show many times and don't I show... like?" This reaction elicited 招来, 遭到 hushed, awkward giggles from the audience, who clearly didn't seem to know whether the back-and-forth was in good spirits 只是看玩笑 or not. And the debate wasn't over yet. While we're sure the ribbing and uncomfortable moments would all have been quashed with a friendly hug backstage after the show, the segment definitely didn't make for comfortable watching — you can see for yourself above. 2. While Rachel didn't get off the plane for Ross until the very final episode in Friends, Leonard and Penny realised they were each other's lobsters ( the world is your oyster you are in a position to take the opportunities that life has to offer. "I can do anything I want to, the world's my oyster" If you say that the world is someone's oyster, you mean that they can do anything or go anywhere that they want to. You're young, you've got a lot of opportunity. The world is your oyster. the world is one's lobster Intentional misrendering of the proverb "the world is one's oyster". her indoors (Britain, slang) one's wife, especially a domineering one. I've just bought a present for her indoors, it's our anniversary." Liz said she didn't mind how I introduced her, provided it wasn't as 'her indoors'" she's your lobster She's the love of your life. As told my Phoebe Buffay on the TV show, Friends. PHOEBE: Hang in there, it's gonna happen. ROSS: Wha, OK, now how do you know that? PHOEBE: Because she's your lobster. CHANDLER: Oh, she's goin' somewhere. PHOEBE: C'mon you guys. It's a known fact that lobsters fall in love and mate for life. You know what, you can actually see old lobster couples walkin' around their tank, ya know, holding claws like...) too soon. Ever since The Fonz quite literally jumped over a shark on a pair of water skis in Happy Days, the term 'Jump The Shark' has been coined to explain the pivotal moment when a show which was once hailed as one of the greats started to decline. 'Big Bang commits three of the major "jump the shark" missteps 失足, 出错, 一着错(jump the shark (of a television series or film) reach a point when far-fetched 牵强附会的 events are included merely for the sake of novelty, indicative of a decline in quality. "the majority of television has jumped the shark; few shows maintain their creative ingenuity". Jumping the shark is the moment when something that was once popular, but that no longer warrants the attention it previously received, makes an attempt at publicity, which only serves to highlight its irrelevance. This is especially applicable to television series or other entertainment outlets. The idiom "jumping the shark" is pejorative, most commonly used in reference to unsuccessful gimmicks for promoting something. It is similar to "past its peak 风光不再", but more specifically suggests an unwillingness to acknowledge the fact. jump the shark I. if a TV show jumps the shark, it starts being less realistic and so becomes less popular with the audience. 'Friends' jumped the shark when Monica and Chandler moved in together. II. to stop being very popular and well-known, and start to become much less popular Michele Bachmann, she might have blown it today. Well, not blown it – she might have jumped the shark today. shark I. (typically of a man at a social gathering) be in active pursuit of a sexual partner. "as soon as he arrived he was sharking among the women". II. [informal, disapproval]
If you refer to a person as a shark, you disapprove of them because
they trick people out of their money by giving bad advice about buying,
selling, or investments. Beware the sharks when you are making up your mind how to invest. someone who gets money by cheating people loan shark [informal, disapproval]
If you describe someone as a loan shark, you disapprove of them because
they lend money to people and charge them very high rates of interest
on the loan. ) in these subsequent seasons; removal of the 'will they won't they', separating a major character (Howard as an astronaut), and drastically 大幅度地 changing the original formula,' Dan continued. 3. Song: She's not there: According to the lyrics of this song, the narrator has unsatisfactory dealings 不满意的, 不满的 交往 with an untrustworthy woman. He reproaches ( reproach noun I. [countable/uncountable] an expression of criticism and disappointment because of something bad that someone has done. In a voice full of reproach, she told him that he had let down the whole class. II. [singular] something that makes you feel ashamed or embarrassed. reproach to: The appalling poverty of this remote region is a reproach to the well-fed politicians in the capital. above/beyond reproach 挑不出毛病的, 找不出错的, 无可挑剔的 impossible to criticize because of being so good. Their handling of the affair has been absolutely beyond reproach. reproach 责怪, 责问 verb. to criticize someone and feel disappointed with them for something they have done. reproach someone for something: The General was reproached by his allies for failing to inform them of his plans. self-reproach 自责 noun the feeling of being annoyed with yourself because you have done something wrong. reproach yourself 自责, 内疚 to feel ashamed and angry because you know that you have done something wrong. She reproached herself for having spoken so harshly. ) unspecified associates for failing to warn him of her unsavoury ( [ʌnˈseɪv(ə)ri] I. involving things that you do not want to think or talk about, for example crime or sex. an unsavory character/reputation/business. II. food that is unsavory smells and looks bad. If you describe a person, place, or thing as unsavoury, you mean that you find them unpleasant or morally unacceptable. The sport has long been associated with illegal wagers and unsavoury characters. ) character: "Well no one told me about her / The way she lied." The real inspiration behind the song, however, was Argent's first love, Patricia, who called off their wedding weeks before and broke his heart. 4. lean toward something 倾向于 to be interested in something and be likely to do a particular activity: He said he was leaning toward entering the race for governor. bend/lean over backwards (to do something) to try as hard as possible to help or please someone. City officials bent over backwards to help downtown businesses. lean on somebody I. to depend on someone for support and encouragement, especially at a difficult time. The couple lean on each other for support. II. informal 施加压力. 胁迫. 迫使. 强迫. 逼着. 威逼. to try to influence someone, especially by threatening them. He won't pay unless you lean on him. to put pressure on someone in order to make them do something The Prime Minister's been leaning pretty heavily on her to resign. III. to press the horn of a car in a determined way. The taxi driver was waiting out front, leaning on the horn. lean and mean using only what is necessary, and determined to work effectively in order to compete successfully: Companies that have survived the crisis are going to be lean and mean. The company is driven by technological advances and a lean-and-mean mentality. lean manufacturing = lean production the business of producing goods in large numbers using methods that avoid waste and reduce the time taken: The factory has adopted a lean manufacturing programme to weed out waste in its production processes. The use of multiskilled worker teams and flexible automated technology are key components of lean production. Toyota Production System a system for manufacturing, developed by Toyota® in Japan, based on lean manufacturing (= avoiding waste) and just-in-time production (= where parts are delivered exactly when needed): Taiichi Ohno, the father of the Toyota Production System, was inspired by the modern grocery store in the 1960s. lean-to 倚墙而搭起来的小建筑 I. a building joined to one of the sides of a larger building with which it shares one wall: a house with a lean-to garage. II. a shelter or simple building with a roof that slopes in one direction, used for sleeping in outside. A lean-to is a type of simple structure originally added to an existing building with the rafters "leaning" against another wall. Free standing lean-to structures are generally used as shelters. One traditional type of lean-to is known by its Finnish name laavu. 5. The crown: Episode 1 opens with the death and state funeral of Winston Churchill, and the visage ( [ˈvɪzɪdʒ] someone's face. ...his milky-white innocent visage. ) of a monarch at something of a crossroads 交叉口, 十字路口 in her reign. No longer the clear, blue-eyed ingenue 天真少女 ( [ˈænʒəˌnu] a young woman who does not have much experience of the world, especially in a movie or play. An ingenue is a young, innocent girl in a play or film, or an actress who plays the part of young, innocent girls. I don't want any more ingenue roles. ) of Claire Foy days, Her Majesty is older, frumpier ( frumpy = frumpish 贬义词 wearing clothes that are not attractive or fashionable. If you describe someone, especially a woman or her clothes, as frumpy, you mean that their clothes are dull and not fashionable. I looked so frumpy next to these women. ...bulky, frumpy clothes.), and with brown eyes that look like they've seen a thing or two over the past decade. paper over the cracks to hide problems, especially arguments between people, in order to make a situation seem better than it really is: She tried to paper over the cracks, but I could see that the relationship was failing. If you paper over the cracks, you try to hide all the things that are wrong with something. The meeting was stormy, and the two sides managed only to paper over the cracks on some issues. The crown Script: What's your view of the Jubilee? You must do it. You don't think it might all backfire on me? Ask yourself, in the time I've been on the throne, what have I actually achieved? You've been calm and stable and Useless and unhelpful. This country was still great when I came to the throne, and now look. So much for the Second Elizabethan Age, which Winston talked about. All that's happened on my watch is the place has fallen apart. It's only fallen apart if we say it has. That's the thing about the monarchy. We paper over the cracks. And if what we do is loud and grand and confident enough, no one will notice that all around us it's fallen apart. That's the point of us. Not us. Of you. You cannot flinch 退缩, 却步, 畏缩 ( to make a sudden small movement because you are afraid, surprised, or in pain. Pamela flinched each time he yelled at her. not flinch if someone does not flinch, they remain calm despite danger or shock. She was used to people shouting at her, and didn't flinch. flinch from (doing) something to avoid dealing with a difficult responsibility or decision. We won't flinch from making tough decisions.) . Because if you show a single crack, we'll see it isn't a crack, but a chasm [ˈkæzəm], and we'll all fall in. So you must hold it all together. Must I do that alone? There is only one queen. 6. get/take a rise out of someone 惹毛, 激怒 to make someone react angrily by saying something that will annoy them. to annoy someone. to make someone become annoyed or embarrassed by making a joke about them Steve always manages to get a rise out of me with his racist jokes. Ignore him, he's just trying to get a rise out of you. give weight to (something)( a. to attach importance to. b. to improve the credibility or legitimacy of. ) To consider something important or especially relevant. Often used with modifiers such as "much," "a lot of," etc. Jonathan knew his parents never approved of his relationship with Michael, so when he decided to get married, he didn't give much weight to 当真, 不当回事 their objections. Because you're a mentor here, your students are going to give a lot of weight to your opinion. Usual Suspects: Well, I believe in God. And the only thing that scares me is Keyser Suze. Do you give any weight to this 相信他的证词吗? I can introduce you to Dan Metzheiser from Justice. He has a file on Suze in DC. Been a hobby of his. Guys equate him to ( [ɪˈkˌweɪt] I. [transitive] to consider something to be the same as something else. equate something with/to something: These people seem to equate 等同于 honesty with weakness. equate something and something: Don't make the mistake of equating high test scores and intelligence 混为一谈. II. [intransitive] to be the same as something. equate with/to: Market rates don‘t always equate with reasonable prices. ) that reporter on The Incredible Hulk. to carry weight If a person or their opinion carries weight, they are respected and are able to influence people. to be considered serious and important enough to influence other people: The Senator's opinion carries a lot of weight in Congress. That argument no longer carries as much weight. He still carries considerable weight in medical circles. Tay Tay报道: I assume this was not your intention but it is important that you understand that your words carry a tremendous amount of weight and that your message can be interpreted by some in different ways. While I am frustrated with your accusations and respectfully disagree with many of your statements, it is important that I am clear -- no artist should ever feel cornered or bullied." 7. Usual Suspects: Verbal then tells Kujan a legend about Söze: that he had murdered his own family when they were being held hostage by Hungarian mobsters, and then massacred the mobsters and their families before disappearing, doing business only through underlings 手下 who did not know who they were working for. Söze thus became a fearsome urban myth, "a spook story 鬼故事 that criminals tell their kids at night. logistic adj. Logistic or logistical means relating to the organization of something complicated. Logistical problems may be causing the delay. She described the distribution of food and medical supplies as a logistical nightmare. ...logistic difficulties. Organised junior football was either restricted or logistically impossible to operate. It is about time that the U.N. considers logistically deploying additional military resources. Logistically it is very difficult to value unit-linked policies. logistics [ləˈdʒɪstɪks] logistically [ləˈdʒɪstɪk(ə)li] noun. the practical arrangements that are necessary in order to organize something successfully, especially something involving a lot of people or equipment. logistics of: We haven't thought about the logistics of getting everyone here from Omaha yet. Usual Suspects script: We'll take care of the bodies downstairs. We'll add them to the cost of Mr Fenster. If you'll excuse me, gentlemen. It's a logistical nightmare. Close quarters. 10, maybe 20 men. No tellin' ( there's no telling [what/how] 看不清, 看不出来, 不知道, 很难判断, 无法下结论 it is not possible to know: There's no telling how her parents will react to the news. You use there's no telling to introduce a statement when you want to say that it is impossible to know what will happen in a situation. There's no telling how long the talks could drag on. There's no telling what diseases a person can get. there's no rest for the wicked said when you must continue with your work or other activity although you are very tired. ) how many more are below. Can we stealth 躲过 these guys? Nah. With all that coke, they're gonna be ready. Which brings me to sunny point number two. Even if one of us gets through and jacks the boat, we still got nothin'. What if we wait for the money? Ten more men at least. In my opinion it can't be done. Anybody who goes in there is not comin' out alive. 8. draw I. draw praise/criticism: The new exhibition has been drawing a lot of criticism. draw a refusal/denial: The claims drew an immediate denial from the President's office. II. draw a line/distinction/boundary: The law draws a distinction between children and adults. draw a parallel/analogy/comparison: The writer drew parallels between the two societies. III. draw someone's attention/eye/gaze: Our attention was drawn by the sound of gunfire. draw to 被吸引: My eyes were drawn to a painting hanging over the fireplace. be drawn to something to be attracted to something Some people are naturally drawn to the arts. IV. 取钱: to take money from a bank account. Customers can draw up to £250 a day from most accounts. draw out: I'll need to draw out more cash tomorrow. a. to receive an amount of money regularly. She wasn't old enough to draw a state pension. V. 说服:[usually passive] to persuade someone to tell you something. I asked her if a decision had been made, but she would not be drawn (=would not tell me). draw someone on something: Journalists tried to draw him on the subject of his wife. VI. draw near/close: As we drew nearer, I noticed that the front door was open. draw apart: Ruth held him for a long time before they drew apart. draw to a halt/standstill/stop: A taxi was drawing to a halt outside the hotel. VII. [often passive] to choose a person or thing from a group. Our advisers have been drawn from a wide range of experts. a. to choose one player to compete against another. India were drawn to play against USA in a Davis Cup tie. b. to choose a card or ticket in a game, without seeing what is on it. I drew two cards 抽牌, 抓牌 from the pack. 9. Australian womenswear label Bardot goes into voluntary administration: "Despite double-digit growth in online sales, and our highly successful expansion into the US and Europe, Bardot's retail stores in Australia are competing in a highly cluttered( untidy a cluttered kitchen. clutter to put too many things in a place so that it looks messy. His bedroom was cluttered with books and papers. a. to put too many facts, pictures, etc. in something so that it becomes hard to understand. ), and increasingly discount-driven market," he said in a statement. Nine Finance Editor Ross Greenwood says the demise of the iconic womenswear label reflects the faltering 止步不前的 Australian economy and the challenge from online retailers. And major retail companies are also feeling the pinch of faltering. Myer, Target and Big W are already closing some of their stores. Greenwood fears there will be more over the late summer months if there are sluggish 萧条的, 不见起色的 Christmas and New Year sales. 10. sort I. importance, size, or colour. sort something by something: Once the data is collected, the computer will sort it by date. sort something into something: Sort the letters into three piles. If you sort things, you separate them into different classes, groups, or places, for example so that you can do different things with them. He sorted the materials 整理 into their folders. The students are sorted into 分类, 分组 three ability groups. He unlatched the box and sorted through the papers. I sorted the laundry. II. to solve a problem or deal with someone or something successfully. If you get a problem or the details of something sorted, you do what is necessary to solve the problem or organize the details. I'm trying to get my script sorted. These problems have now been sorted. Don't worry about the bill. I'll sort it. get something sorted 解决: Did you get the tickets sorted? sort out I. how it will happen. Danny's organizing the food and the music's already sorted out. II. to do what is necessary to deal with a problem, disagreement, or difficult situation successfully. 解决 This matter could be sorted out if they would just sit down and talk. If you sort out a problem or the details of something, you do what is necessary to solve the problem or organize the details. The two countries have sorted out their trade and security dispute. Have you sorted something out for tomorrow night? sort yourself out: If you have a problem, the welfare officer can help you sort yourself out. III. to get rid of things that you do not need and arrange things that you do need tidily. I need to sort out the mess on my desk. I've managed to sort the newspapers out. IV. to find out information that allows you to understand something. sort out how/what/why etc: Investigators are still trying to sort out why the accident happened. V. BRITISH INFORMAL to provide something for someone sort someone out: If you need a new bike, I can sort you out. sort something out for someone: We'll sort out more suitable clothes for you. VI. BRITISH INFORMAL to make someone stop causing problems for you, for example by talking to them or punishing them. If you sort someone out, you make them realize that they have behaved wrongly, for example by talking to them or by punishing them. [mainly British]. Prince Anne 被拐事件: Ronald Russell, a company cleaning executive, was driving home from work when he saw the scene on the side of the road. He approached on foot after seeing Ian Ball confront Officer Hills. "He needs sorting 需要管管, 需要给个教训, 教训一下," Russell later remembered thinking. A 6'4" former boxer, Russell advanced to punish the shooter for hurting a policeman. It was the older women and young mothers who sorted all the troublemakers out. The crucial skill you need to develop is sorting out 搞定 the parents. VII. If you sort yourself out, you organize yourself or calm yourself so that you can act effectively and reasonably. We're in a state of complete chaos here and I need a little time to sort myself out. sort through something to look at a lot of things in order to find what you want or need. She sorted through her handbag for her keys. sorting 排序 the process or operation of ordering items and data according to specific criteria. a sorting program. nothing of the sort Nothing of the sort is used when strongly contradicting something that has just been said. 'We're going to talk this over in my office'.—'We're going to do nothing of the sort'. Mrs Adamson said that she was extremely sorry, in tones that made it clear that she was nothing of the sort. to separate the wheat from the chaff = to sort the wheat from the chaff 分清好坏, 分清敌友 If you separate the wheat from the chaff or sort the wheat from the chaff, you decide which people or things in a group are good or important and which are not. It isn't always easy to separate the wheat from the chaff. out of sorts If you are out of sorts, you feel slightly unwell, upset, or annoyed. of sorts/a sort If you describe something as a thing of sorts or as a thing of a sort, you are suggesting that the thing is of a rather poor quality or standard. He made a living of sorts selling pancakes from a van. She even managed a grimacing smile of sorts. They have had an education of a sort. 11. carnal [kɑːrnəl] Carnal feelings and desires are sexual and physical, without any spiritual element. Their ruling passion is that of carnal love. relating to the physical feelings and wants of the body. Carnal feelings and desires are sexual and physical, without any spiritual element. Carnal desires. carnal knowledge sexual intercourse. ruling I. The ruling group of people in a country or organization is the group that controls its affairs. ...the Mexican voters' growing dissatisfaction with the ruling party. ...the domination of the ruling class. ...the sport's ruling body 管理机构, the International Cricket Council. II. noun. 判决. A ruling is an official decision made by a judge or court. Goodwin tried to have the court ruling overturned. She plans to fight the ruling because she said she did not intentionally violate the anti-doping rules. III. Someone's ruling passion or emotion 最强烈的, 超越一切的, 压倒一切的 is the feeling they have most strongly, which influences their actions. Their ruling passion is that of carnal love. 13. Contact paper 保护膜, 保护贴纸 (贴纸 sticker) is an adhesive paper used as a covering or lining. It is an inexpensive material that has a decorative 装饰面 surface on one side and a highly adhesive material on the other side. The paper sticks to the desired surface with minimal effort. It is usually sold in roll form and the material is cut to size by the user. While its traditional use was as a shelf or drawer liner [ˈlaɪnər] ( I. [countable] something that you use inside another thing to keep it clean or to protect it. a garbage can liner. A bin liner is a plastic bag that you put inside a waste bin or dustbin. II. [countable] a large passenger ship, especially one used for cruises or long-distance travel. a luxury liner. one-liner a joke that consists of a single sentence. line verb. I. to cover the inside of something, especially a piece of clothing or a container, with a layer of something else. He wore a black coat lined with dark gray silk. line something with something: Line the dish with aluminum foil. a. to form a layer on the inside surface of something. II. to form rows along the sides of something. Crowds lined the streets to watch the parade. The riverside will be transformed into a promenade lined with cafés and restaurants. line your pockets 中饱私囊 to obtain money, especially by acting dishonestly. He accused executives of trying to line their own pockets. line I. In school, if a child is given lines 重复写, he or she is punished by being made to write out a sentence many times or to write out a passage from a book. II. A line of a piece of writing is one of the rows of words, numbers, or other symbols in it. The next line should read: Five days, 23.5 hours. Tina wouldn't have read more than three lines. III. The lines on someone's skin, especially on their face, are long thin marks that appear there as they grow older. He has a large, generous face with deep lines 皱纹, 纹路. ...fine lines and wrinkles. ), it can be used in many creative ways. Teachers often use it for creative projects at school. Other uses of contact paper include use as laptop skins and protective book covers. 14. frock I. old-fashioned a dress. II. 长袍. a long loose piece of clothing with sleeves that some priests and monks wear. frock up to get dressed in smart clothes for a special occasion; used by or about women. I'm so sick of frocking up for all these fancy shindigs. defrock 褫夺 to remove a priest from their job because they have done something wrong. Duoma told 7NEWS.com.au that if Rietveld had not resigned from the church at that time he would have been forcibly 强制 removed and defrocked. 惠特曼的诗句: Do I contradict myself? Very well then I contradict myself, (I am large, I contain multitudes 有多个面向.). Walt Whitman admits openly that he is contradictory, meaning, he says one thing one day and the total opposite thing the next day. He isn't consistent in his opinions, and that is okay. Being contradictory is a part of human nature, and we shouldn't be embarrassed by it, but embrace it, because it is who we are. multitude [ˈmʌltɪˌtjuːd] I. MAINLY LITERARY a large crowd of people. A cheering multitude greeted the Queen. a. the multitude or the multitudes 普罗大众 FORMAL the ordinary people who have no power or influence. Can you imagine what effect that will have on the multitude? a multitude of a very large number of people or things. The city's museums offer a multitude of cultural possibilities. ...surrounded by a noisy multitude. ...the multitudes that throng around the Pope. cover/hide a multitude of sins humorous to prevent people from seeing or discovering something bad: Large sweaters are warm and practical and hide a multitude of sins (= they do not show your body shape). 15. laugh in somebody's face to behave towards someone in a way that shows that you do not respect them I told my sister what I thought, and she just laughed in my face. I laugh in the face of danger/adversity 笑对, 笑看困难, 笑看危险. Amy: I'm stating it outright. Babinski eats 拳打 Dirac for breakfast and defecates 脚踢 Clarke-Maxwell.
exorcise VS excise VS exercise: exorcise [ˈɛksɔːsʌɪz] 驱魔. exorcist [ˈeksɔrsɪst]. exorcism [ˈɛksɔːsɪz(ə)m] the expulsion or attempted expulsion of a supposed evil spirit from a person or place. "the rite of exorcism". excise [ˈɛksʌɪz] noun, verb [ɪkˈsaɪz] a tax levied on certain goods and commodities produced or sold within a country and on licences granted for certain activities. "the rate of excise duty on spirits". verb. I. medical 切除. to remove something harmful that is growing inside a person's body, especially by cutting it out. II. formal 删减. 删去. to remove part of a book or movie, for example because it is considered offensive. exercise [ˈeksərˌsaɪz] verb. noun. the object of the exercise the purpose of doing something The object of the exercise was to build a sense of teamwork. a pointless exercise a waste of time.
unify VS unite: unify I. [transitive] to unite people or countries so that they will work together. They're trying to find a candidate who will unify all factions. a. [intransitive] to become united. If the party unifies, the bill might become law. II. [transitive] to make things work well together. The theory unifies two fundamental forces. unite I. [intransitive] if people, groups, or countries unite, they join together, often to work together to achieve a particular goal. Our community has united to demand a safer neighbourhood. unite behind: Party members will unite behind a stronger candidate. a. [transitive] to join people, groups, or countries together. We want to forge a policy that unites people, not divides them. unify (make something one 被动的) VS unite (become one 主动的) 所以秦始皇武力统一中国, 统一度量衡用unify (Both rumination and worry are associated with anxiety and other negative emotional states; however, its measures have not been unified 衡量标准并没有统一起来.), 而美国和联合国用united (组合重组 Spice girls are reuniting 重新合体 (reunion) to do a tour.): I think the difference is to best explained in their origins: unify from unificare from uni + the root of facere 'make' or: one + make = make somethings one. unite from unitus, PP of unire 'unite' from unus 'one' or: 'become one'. From these origins, unify is always the more passive: somethings are made one, unified, whereas unite is more active, we unite - ourselves or others. 'United we stand, divided we fall.' Whoever wrote that did not use unified, because 'we united' we were not 'unified' by some third party. But the difference is slight, and there is overlap in the usage. 'He unified the country.' 'He united the country' I can't see a difference here. 'We have our family arguments, but, in the face of threat from outside, we unite as one.' I don't think unify would be appropriate here, because 'we' are active, not passive. So: if you and others actively come together by your own volition, unite. If you and others are brought together, through fair means or foul, by a third party, unify. As a transitive verb, either will do, I imagine. 另一个回答: Unify tends to be used with things. Unite tends to be used with people, although it can also be used with things. Unify is reductive: the unification of Germany turned two nations into one. To unify is to simplify: if a company has a unified vision, it has a clear mission, a clear, single idea of what its purpose is. To unite is to bring together different entities. They remain different entities but act together. When the workers of the world unite, there are just as many of them, but they form a larger group which is more powerful. The United States of America includes fifty different states. They belong together and (sometimes) act together, but they remain fifty different states. A thing can be unified, but a person or a thing can't be united. Several people or things can be united. A group of people or things can be united. A person or a thing can be united with someone or something else. But a person or a thing can't be united on its own.
exorcise VS excise VS exercise: exorcise [ˈɛksɔːsʌɪz] 驱魔. exorcist [ˈeksɔrsɪst]. exorcism [ˈɛksɔːsɪz(ə)m] the expulsion or attempted expulsion of a supposed evil spirit from a person or place. "the rite of exorcism". excise [ˈɛksʌɪz] noun, verb [ɪkˈsaɪz] a tax levied on certain goods and commodities produced or sold within a country and on licences granted for certain activities. "the rate of excise duty on spirits". verb. I. medical 切除. to remove something harmful that is growing inside a person's body, especially by cutting it out. II. formal 删减. 删去. to remove part of a book or movie, for example because it is considered offensive. exercise [ˈeksərˌsaɪz] verb. noun. the object of the exercise the purpose of doing something The object of the exercise was to build a sense of teamwork. a pointless exercise a waste of time.
unify VS unite: unify I. [transitive] to unite people or countries so that they will work together. They're trying to find a candidate who will unify all factions. a. [intransitive] to become united. If the party unifies, the bill might become law. II. [transitive] to make things work well together. The theory unifies two fundamental forces. unite I. [intransitive] if people, groups, or countries unite, they join together, often to work together to achieve a particular goal. Our community has united to demand a safer neighbourhood. unite behind: Party members will unite behind a stronger candidate. a. [transitive] to join people, groups, or countries together. We want to forge a policy that unites people, not divides them. unify (make something one 被动的) VS unite (become one 主动的) 所以秦始皇武力统一中国, 统一度量衡用unify (Both rumination and worry are associated with anxiety and other negative emotional states; however, its measures have not been unified 衡量标准并没有统一起来.), 而美国和联合国用united (组合重组 Spice girls are reuniting 重新合体 (reunion) to do a tour.): I think the difference is to best explained in their origins: unify from unificare from uni + the root of facere 'make' or: one + make = make somethings one. unite from unitus, PP of unire 'unite' from unus 'one' or: 'become one'. From these origins, unify is always the more passive: somethings are made one, unified, whereas unite is more active, we unite - ourselves or others. 'United we stand, divided we fall.' Whoever wrote that did not use unified, because 'we united' we were not 'unified' by some third party. But the difference is slight, and there is overlap in the usage. 'He unified the country.' 'He united the country' I can't see a difference here. 'We have our family arguments, but, in the face of threat from outside, we unite as one.' I don't think unify would be appropriate here, because 'we' are active, not passive. So: if you and others actively come together by your own volition, unite. If you and others are brought together, through fair means or foul, by a third party, unify. As a transitive verb, either will do, I imagine. 另一个回答: Unify tends to be used with things. Unite tends to be used with people, although it can also be used with things. Unify is reductive: the unification of Germany turned two nations into one. To unify is to simplify: if a company has a unified vision, it has a clear mission, a clear, single idea of what its purpose is. To unite is to bring together different entities. They remain different entities but act together. When the workers of the world unite, there are just as many of them, but they form a larger group which is more powerful. The United States of America includes fifty different states. They belong together and (sometimes) act together, but they remain fifty different states. A thing can be unified, but a person or a thing can't be united. Several people or things can be united. A group of people or things can be united. A person or a thing can be united with someone or something else. But a person or a thing can't be united on its own.
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