用法学习: 1. spontaneous [sponˈteɪniəs] I. happening in a natural way without being planned or thought about. spontaneous applause/cheers. He was suddenly filled with tears of spontaneous emotion. a. used in a positive way about someone who often behaves in a natural and friendly way, without worrying about what they say or do. Ellie's one of the most spontaneous, fun-loving people I know. I don't plan things, I am a quite spontaneous 随性的, 兴之所至的 guy. b. science used about chemical or biological changes or processes that happen suddenly in a natural way. spontaneous wildfires. spontaneous contractions of the muscles in the oesophagus. spontaneous combustion a situation in which something suddenly starts to burn as a result of natural heat produced inside it, not from a flame that comes from outside. 2. hate with a passion 恨得咬牙切齿, 恨得牙根痒痒, 恨之入骨 to hate strongly. I can't believe he cheated on me. I hate him with a passion! snigger n. I. A partly suppressed or broken laugh. a sly or disrespectful laugh, esp one partly stifled. II. A sly or snide laugh. v. 偷着笑, 压着笑. 强忍着笑. 窃笑. to laugh quietly, especially at something that is rude or at something unpleasant that has happened to someone. A woman in Ukraine has been captured on CCTV vision with her face in her phone as she walks absentmindedly through what appears to be an office lobby. During her stroll the woman remains so engrossed in her mobile that she fails to notice a pool of water directly in front of her – which she ends up walking straight into. Those watching the footage snigger as the woman trips on her own feet and tumbles headfirst into the water, before pulling herself up, adjusting her jacket and continuing to walk through the foyer, this time without checking her phone. tough titty = tough titties I. An insincere or sarcastic way of saying "that's too bad", or "deal with it". Means "That's tough luck!", but with an unapologetic undertone. II. Short version of the phrase "'Tough titty', said the kitty, when the milk went dry." Child: But Mom... I don't want to mow the yard! Mom: Well, tough titty. You're going to do it anyway. radiant /ˈreɪdiənt/ I. someone who is radiant looks extremely happy. Beaming with vivacity and happiness. a radiant face. a radiant bride. Looks radiant 容光焕发的 and youthful青春洋溢的. II. very bright. The sea was a radiant blue. III. science radiant heat is the energy produced by hot objects. It is in the form of infrared light that cannot be seen. IV. 散发着热度的. Radiating light and/or heat. the radiant sun. glowing I. burning gently with an orange or red colour. the glowing embers of the fire. a. shining with a soft warm light. b. glowing colours are bright and look warm. II. 面色红润的. glowing skin looks warm and healthy. III. full of praise. a glowing reference/report: a glowing reference from her former employer. in glowing terms 激情洋溢的: Lewis wrote in glowing terms about life in the West Indies. 3. a false dawn something which seems to show that a successful period is beginning or that a situation is improving when it is not. Usage notes: False dawn is the light which appears in the sky just before the sun rises in the morning. His victory in the French Open proved to be a false dawn after he failed to win another title for the next five years. 世界杯决赛: False dawn: Higuain celebrates with teammate Marcos Rojo before learning his goal had been disallowed. false hopes 不切实际的希望 noun [plural] confident feelings about something that might not be true: I don't want to raise any false hopes , but I believe your son is still alive. 4. catch up on something I. to do whatever you have not had time to do I have to catch up on my reading. II. to find out about something Most folks stop here for a cup of coffee while they catch up on the day's news. catch someone up on (someone or something) to tell someone the news of someone or something. (Fixed order.) To be brought up to date with news. I hadn't seen her for so long. It was great to catch up. Oh, please catch me up on what your family is doing. Yes, do catch us up! I have to take some time to catch myself up on the news. catch up I. [intransitive/transitive] catch someone/something up 追上, 跟上, 赶上 to go faster so that you reach the person or vehicle in front of you. To reach something that had been ahead. Rose was three seconds behind, but managed to catch up with the race leader and eventually won. We left before them, but they soon caught us up again. catch up with: If you hurry, you should catch up with them at the bridge. II. [intransitive/ transitive] catch someone/something up to improve in order to reach the same standard or rate as someone or something. He's missed so much school that he's going to find it hard to catch up. catch up with: Pressure grew for salaries to catch up with inflation. III. [intransitive] to do something that should have been done before. The deadline's tomorrow. How are we ever going to catch up in time? catch up on 补充, 弥补, 补足: I just want to go home and catch up on some sleep. catch up with: Staff are struggling to catch up with the backlog. IV. [intransitive] to talk to someone you have not seen for some time and find out what they have been doing. Come over tomorrow and we can catch up. catch up with: I'll catch up with you another time, Kevin. It'll give them a chance to talk and catch up with all their news. V. 搅和在一起, 搅成一团. 乱成一团. To entangle. The speaker wires have got caught up with the wires from the lights. catch up with someone I. to find and arrest someone who has committed a crime after searching for them or chasing them. The police will catch up with you sooner or later. II. take a toll on sb. 影响渐渐显现. to begin to have an effect on someone. The lack of sleep caught up with her, and she began to doze off. play catch-up to try to make as much progress as someone or something that you are competing with. All her opponents are now playing catch-up. catch something on something 勾住, 缠住, 夹住 to snag something on something. I caught the pocket of my trousers on the drawer pull and almost ripped it off. He caught the sleeve of his uniform on a branch. catch on (with someone) Fig. [for something] to become popular with someone. I hope our new product catches on with children. I'm sure it will catch on. 5. The Thread class provides GetData and SetData methods for storing nontransient isolated data in "slots" whose values persist between method calls. You might be hard-pressed to ( be hard pressed/pushed 费劲 (British) to be having difficulty doing something, especially because there is not enough time or money (usually + to do sth). I'll be hard pressed to get this report done by Friday. You'd be hard pushed to find a good car for under £1,000. With cuts in government funding, hospitals are hard pressed at the moment. ) think of a requirement: data you'd want to keep isolated to a thread tends to be transient by nature. 6. High school teacher and Sydney mum Paula Orbea, 44, has launched an online petition with change.org addressed to the founder of Wicked Campervans, John Webb, which asks him to 'Eliminate misogynistic and degrading slogans and imagery(pictures, photographs, or objects that represent an idea. Advertising agencies sometimes use religious imagery to sell products. Satellite imagery indicated that dust from the Sahara is spreading westward.),' advertised on the side and rear of vehicles. 索普谈出柜: "And even if you've held it in ( hold in I. Fig. 压抑着. 埋在心底, 深藏心底. 闷在心里. 憋着的. to not allow your feelings to show. to keep one's emotions inside oneself. You really shouldn't hold those feelings inside of you. I have kept all this inside myself too long. You shouldn't hold in all that anger. It can be bad for you to hold in anger. II. Lit. to stop something from moving outwards. to hold in one's stomach, gut, belly, etc. Hold your belly in so you don't look like a blimp. Hold in your stomach. I was trying desperately to hold my tummy in.) for years, it feels better to lift this and get this out. "But I think what's important is it just highlights once again the pressure of the public gaze公众瞩目, 注视 that elite sportspeople have." There are promising signs of a changing attitude to homosexuality in Australian sport, Barry says, including our five major sporting codes signing a charter against homophobia earlier this year. 7. pull the rug from under somebody's feet 釜底抽薪 to suddenly take away help or support from someone, or to suddenly do something which causes many problems for them. to suddenly take away help or support from someone, or to suddenly do something that causes many problems for them. The school pulled the rug from under the basketball team by making them pay to practise in the school gymnasium. c#: Thread.FreeNamedDataSlot will release a given data slot across all threads, but only once all LocalDataStoreSlot objects of the same name have dropped out of scope出范围 and been garbage-collected. This ensures that threads don't get data slots pulled out from under their feet, as long as they keep a reference to the appropriate LocalDataStoreSlot object while the slot is needed. 8. BlackBerry on list of brands most likely to disappear in 2015: 24/7 Wall Street insists that the BlackBerry brand is at death's door死到临头(at death's door. very near the end of one's life. (Often an exaggeration.) I was so ill that I was at death's door for three days. The family dog was at death's door for three days, and then it finally died.). The criteria 24/7 Wall Street uses include declining sales and losses, as well as "withering 萎缩的 market share." One ray of joy一丝高兴 in this apparent gloom is that 24/7 Wall Street made a previous prediction. This was that Research In Motion (aka BlackBerry) would disappear in 2012. This didn't exactly happen.
cap gun: A cap gun is a toy gun that creates a loud sound simulating a gunshot and a puff of smoke when the trigger is pulled. Cap guns were originally made of cast iron, but after World War II were made of zinc alloy, and most newer models are made of plastic. Cap guns get their name from the small discs of shock-sensitive explosive compounds (roughly 1.4 to 1.6 mm in diameter) that provide the noise and smoke, effectively the same as the separate percussion cap primers used in real firearms of the mid to late 1800s, although invariably smaller and made from cheap plastic or paper rather than soft metal. Armstrong's mixture is often used today as the explosive, but previously the tiny powder charge was a simple mixture of potassium perchlorate, sulfur and antimony sulphide sandwiched between two paper layers which hold in the gases long enough to give a sound report when the cap is struck. GoPro, Inc. (formerly Woodman Labs, Inc) is an American corporation that develops, manufactures and markets high-definition personal cameras, often used in extreme action video photography. They are known for being lightweight, rugged, wearable or mountable in unusual places such as outside a quadcopter, planes, cars, boats or army tanks. The company was formed by Nick Woodman. Woodman said he was inspired to start the company following a 2002 Australia surfing trip in which he was hoping to capture quality action photos of his surfing, but could not because amateur photographers could not get close enough, or obtain quality equipment at accessible prices. His desire for a camera system that could capture the professional angles inspired the 'GoPro' name. Woodman initially raised money for his company by selling bead and shell belts out of his VW van. Each belt sold for under US$20. While making the belts, he came upon the idea of 想到这个主意 providing a fashionable strap to attach a camera. At the time most straps were rubber wrist straps that some reviewers found to be awkward, painful, or easily broken.
关于OCD: The phrase obsessive–compulsive 欲罢不能的 has become part of the English lexicon, and is often used in an informal or caricatured ( caricature (ˈkærɪkəˌtjuə) To represent or imitate in an exaggerated, distorted manner. ) manner to describe someone who is excessively meticulous, perfectionistic 完美主义的, absorbed, or otherwise fixated [fɪkˈseɪt] 执迷不悟的(perfectionistic I. Inclined to perfectionism. II. Demanding perfection; imposing overly high standards (in attributes such as academic performance. perfectionistic parents. meticulous [mɪˈtɪkjuləs] 不放过一点细节的, 非常仔细的, 注重于细节的, 一丝不苟的 very thorough and with careful attention to detail. Everyone agreed that it was a piece of meticulous research. The meticulous care with which the operation in Sicily was planned has paid dividends付出得到回报, 付出有收获. Our casualties in men, in ships and materiel have been low—in fact, far below our estimate. pay dividends[ˈdɪvɪdend] 带来丰厚回报, 有回报 to bring you a lot of benefit Thorough lesson planning always pays dividends. pay lip service to something 口头上支持 to say that you support something although you do not really, especially when you do nothing to prove your support. Most people only paid lip service to the state religion. pay good money for something to pay a lot for something: used for emphasizing that you spent a lot, especially when it has not been worth it. I paid good money for those shoes, and you've only worn them twice. pay through the nose (for something) informal to pay much too much for something. In the city centre restaurants, you pay through the nose for your drinks. pay your way 自食其力 to pay for everything that you need or use yourself, rather than allowing or expecting other people to pay for you. Your children grow up and they start to pay their way. scrupulous I. 谨慎的, 精心计算的. 非常小心谨慎的. done very carefully, giving a lot of attention to details. Exactly and carefully conducted. He is scrupulous in his finances. II. 有良心的. 本着良心的. very careful to be honest and to do what is morally correct. Having scruples or compunctions. He is a scrupulous businessman and always acts in the best interest of his company. III. Precise; exact or strict. scruple 一点不感觉羞愧, 一点不觉得不合适, 一点不觉得害臊, 不觉得不好意思 a moral principle that prevents you from doing something that you think is bad. He is entirely without scruples非常不知羞, 非常无耻, 不会觉得良心不安. a person of no scruples. To have no scruples about. To make no scruple to do sth. She had no scruples about eavesdropping on conversations. not scruple to do something 好不害臊, 恬不知耻的 formal to not have any moral worries about doing something bad. He did not scruple to state his views bluntly. ). Although these signs are present in OCD, a person who exhibits them does not necessarily have OCD, but may instead have obsessive–compulsive personality disorder (OCPD), an autism spectrum disorder, or disorders where perseveration (hyperfocus) is a feature in ADHD, PTSD, bodily disorders, or just a habit problem习惯问题. Some people with OCD experience sexual obsessions that may involve intrusive thoughts (挥之不去的想法, 妄想) or images of ( Intrusive thoughts are unwelcome involuntary thoughts, images, or unpleasant ideas that may become obsessions, are upsetting or distressing, and can be difficult to manage or eliminate.) "kissing, touching, fondling, oral sex, anal sex, intercourse, incest and rape" with "strangers, acquaintances, parents, children, family members, friends, coworkers, animals and religious figures", and can include "heterosexual or homosexual content" with persons of any age. As with other intrusive, unpleasant thoughts or images, most "normal" people have some disquieting ( =vexing 让人不安的. 寝食难安的. 让人坐立不安的. To deprive of peace or rest; trouble. causing mental discomfort; ) sexual thoughts at times, but people with OCD may attach extraordinary significance to the thoughts. For example, obsessive fears about sexual orientation can appear to the person with OCD, and even to those around them, as a crisis of sexual identity. Furthermore, the doubt that accompanies OCD leads to uncertainty regarding whether one might act on the troubling thoughts, resulting in self-criticism or self-loathing( loathe [ləuθ] v. to dislike someone or something very much. I loathe having to get out of bed so early on a Saturday. She simply loathes her ex-husband. loath [ləuθ] adj. very unwilling to do something. loath to do something: Officials are loath to acknowledge the extent of their involvement. Self-hatred 恨自己. 自我憎恨, 自我贬低 (also called self-loathing) refers to an extreme dislike or hatred of oneself, or being angry at or even prejudiced against oneself. The term is also used to designate a dislike or hatred of a group, family, social class, mental illness, or stereotype to which one belongs and/or has. For instance, "ethnic self-hatred" is the extreme dislike of one's ethnic group or cultural classification. It may be associated with aspects of autophobia. The term "self-hatred" is used infrequently by psychologists and psychiatrists, who would usually describe people who hate themselves as "persons with low self-esteem". Self-criticism 自我批评 (or auto-critique) refers to the pointing out of things critical/important to one's own beliefs, thoughts, actions, behaviour or results; it can form part of private, personal reflection or a group discussion. It is an essential element of critical thought自我批评, with many regarding it as healthy and necessary for learning (with excessive or enforced self-criticism proving unhealthy). self-blame自责: behavioral self-blame – undeserved blame based on actions. Victims who experience behavioral self-blame feel that they should have done something differently, and therefore feel at fault. characterological self-blame – undeserved blame based on character. Victims who experience characterological self-blame feel there is something inherently wrong with them which has caused them to deserve to be victimized. Victim blaming is holding the victims of a crime, an accident, or any type of abusive maltreatment to be entirely or partially responsible for the incident that has occurred. Blame shifting怪别人, 迁怒于人: Blaming others can lead to a "kick-the-dog effect"( kicking the dog 迁怒于人 When someone in power over you forces something upon you, and you in turn force something on someone under you. like when parents punish you, then you turn around and beat on your little brother. Sammy beat up timmy because his parents took away the xBox. he's just kicking the dog.) where individuals in a hierarchy blame their immediate subordinate, and this propagates down a hierarchy until the lowest rung (the "dog"). A 2009 experimental study has shown that blaming can be contagious even for uninvolved onlookers. Buck passing or passing the buck推卸责任 is the act of attributing another person or group with responsibility for one's own actions. It is often used to refer to a strategy in power politics whereby a state tries to get another state to deter, or possibly fight, an aggressor state while it remains on the sidelines置身事外. stay on the sidelines If you stay on the sidelines, you are not an important part of what is happening. on/from the sidelines 从旁边看, 站在旁边看, 旁观 If you are on the sidelines or do something from the sidelines, you are not actively involved in something: Our party has been on the political sidelines for too long - we must now work towards getting into power. She could only watch from the sidelines as her brother's health deteriorated. ). People with OCD understand that their notions do not correspond with reality想法和现实不对应; (correspond I. 对的上, 一致. to be the same as something else, or very much like it. If their statements correspond, we'll have no trouble. correspond with: The statistics do not correspond with our own experience. correspond to: In 60% of the patients, all symptoms corresponded to what we expected. closely correspond: This closely corresponds to the wording of the existing law. a. used about something in a different country or system that is very much like something in yours. roughly correspond (=not be exactly the same) 基本上相当于: His first post was as an Associate Professor, which roughly corresponds to Lecturer here. II. 相对应. 对应着. to be connected or related to something. correspond to: In machine code, one instruction corresponds directly to one operation of the computer. correspond with: The timing of the gift closely corresponded with Robert's return from Italy. a. used about objects that are put together or attached. correspond with: These metal loops should be spaced to correspond with the curtain hooks. III. formal if two people correspond, they regularly write letters to each other. correspond with 保持通信: He corresponded with leading European scholars. corresponding I. related to or connected with something. Investment in the railways will bring a corresponding improvement in services. corresponding increase/decrease/decline/fall 应声而落, 应声而降: Rising prosperity has not been matched by any corresponding decrease in crime. II. similar to or the same as something. Income from tourism is five per cent higher than in the corresponding period last year. Nurses smoke as much as corresponding groups in the general population. corresponding angles 内错角 the two inside corner angles formed where a straight line crosses two parallel lines.) however, they feel that they must act as though their notions are correct. For example, an individual who engages in compulsive hoarding might be inclined to treat inorganic matter as if it had the sentience or rights of living organisms, while accepting that such behavior is irrational on a more intellectual level. Some OCD sufferers exhibit 表现出, 展现出 what is known as overvalued ideas. In such cases, the person with OCD will truly be uncertain whether the fears that cause them to perform their compulsions are irrational or not. After some discussion, it is possible to convince the individual that their fears may be unfounded.
