用法学习: 1. A macaroon 蛋白杏仁饼, 可可饼 ([mækəˈru:n] mak-ə-ROON) is a type of small circular cake, typically made from ground almonds (the original main ingredient) or coconut (and/or other nuts or even potato), with sugar and egg white. Macaroons are often baked on edible rice paper placed on a baking tray. The name of the cake comes from the Italian maccarone or maccherone meaning "paste", and referring to the original almond paste ingredient. This word itself derives from ammaccare, meaning "to bruise". A macaron ([mɑ:kɑ:rɔ:n] mah-kah-RŌN; French pronunciation: [makaˈʁɔ̃]) 法国 马卡龙 is a French sweet meringue-based confection made with egg white, icing sugar, granulated sugar, almond powder or ground almond, and food colouring. The macaron is commonly filled with ganache, buttercream or jam filling sandwiched between two biscuits (cookies). The name is derived from the Italian word macarone, maccarone or maccherone, the Italian meringue. The confection is characterised by smooth, squared top, ruffled circumference (referred to as the "foot" or "pied"), and a flat base. It is mildly moist and easily melts in the mouth. Macarons can be found in a wide variety of flavors that range from the traditional (raspberry, chocolate) to the new (foie gras, matcha). The macaroon is often mistaken as the macaron; many have adopted the French spelling of macaron to distinguish the two items in the English language. However, this has caused confusion over the correct spelling. Some recipes exclude the use of macaroon to refer to this French confection while others think that they are synonymous. In reality, the word macaroon is simply the English translation of the French word macaron, so both pronunciations are technically correct depending on personal preference and context. In a Slate article on the topic, Stanford Professor of Food Cultures Dan Jurafsky indicates that 'macaron' (also, "macaron parisien", or "le macaron Gerbet") is the correct spelling for the confection. 2.
积分表Two-legged tie(US:two-game total-goals series) 两场制比净胜球: (Western Sydney was declared victorious after a scoreless draw against
Saudi Arabia's Al-Hilal in Riyadh, which left the Wanderers with a 1-0
lead on aggregate. "For so long, everyone's put the boot into狂踩 western
Sydney but it just shows with commitment, dedication and hard work we
can rise to the top." put the foot in 踩上一脚 I. to kick someone when they are already on the ground. Four lads pushed him down and then put the boot in. II. to make a bad situation worse, by criticizing or being unkind: After he lost his job, his wife put the boot in by announcing she was leaving him. the boot is on the other foot (British & Australian) also the shoe is on the other foot 形势翻过来了, 翻转过来 (American) if you say that the boot is on the other foot, you mean that a situation is now the opposite of what it was before, often because a person who was in a weak position is now in a strong position. In the past, we had great influence over their economy, but the boot is on the other foot now. ) In sport (particularly association football), a two-legged tie is a contest between two teams which comprises two matches or legs, with each team as the home team in one leg. The winning team is usually determined by aggregate score, the sum of the scores of the two legs. For example, if the scores of the two legs are: First leg: Team A 4–1 Team B; Second leg: Team B 2–1 Team A. Then the aggregate score will be Team A 5–3 Team B, meaning team A wins the tie. In some competitions, a tie is considered to be drawn平局 if each team wins one leg, regardless of the aggregate score. Two-legged ties can be used in knockout 淘汰赛 cup competitions and playoffs(knockout I. KO. a hit that knocks a boxer down, so that they cannot get up. a. a boxing match that is won when one person cannot get up after being hit. a knockout victory. II. informal someone or something that is extremely attractive or impressive. III. British a competition in which the player or team that loses a game does not take part in later games. FIFA World Cup: The current final tournament决赛阶段(qualitification资格赛) has been used since 1998 and features 32 national teams competing over the course of a month in the host nation(s). There are two stages: the group stage 小组赛 followed by the knockout stage淘汰赛. Each group plays a round-robin tournament, in which each team is scheduled for three matches against other teams in the same group. This means that a total of six matches are played within a group. The last round of matches of each group is scheduled at the same time to preserve 保证公平 fairness among all four teams. The top two teams from each group advance 晋级 to the knockout stage. Points are used to rank the teams within a group.). In North America, where the word "tie" when used in the context of sports normally refers to a game ending in a draw, the term "two-game total-goals series" is the more common usage to refer to this competition format. The away goals rule客场进球决定 is a method of breaking ties in association football and other sports when teams play each other twice, once at each team's home ground. By the away goals rule, the team that has scored more goals "away from home" will win if scores are otherwise equal. The away goals rule is most often invoked in two-leg fixtures两局赛制, where the initial result is determined by the aggregate score — i.e. the scores of both games are added together. In many competitions, the away goals rule is the first tie-breaker in such cases, with a penalty shootout点球决战 as the second tie-breaker if each team has scored the same number of away goals. Rules vary as to whether the away goals rule applies at the end of normal time of the second leg, after extra time, or both. It was first introduced by UEFA in 1965.
Prince Harry's motorcade车队(convoy)(a group of cars travelling with someone very important.) caught up in high-speed crash. caught up in/with something deeply involved with something; participating actively or closely in something. Wallace is caught up in his work and has little time for his son, Buxton. (get) caught up in something (get caught up in the moment) to become completely involved in something You get caught up in the excitement of the moment一激动, 一时激动 and don't think a lot about what happens next. Prince Harry was caught up in a high speed crash when one of his police outriders(outrider护卫车辆, 外围护卫车辆 someone who rides a horse or motorcycle near a vehicle in order to protect an important person who is inside the vehicle.) collided head on with a taxi顶头撞上 as the motorcade headed to an official engagement. The Prince appeared shocked as his bodyguards treated both the unconscious driver – who had to be cut from his vehicle by firemen – and the police rider, who was thrown 30ft down the road 甩出去 after the impact. Pictures taken in the aftermath of the accident in central London show the wrecked police motorbike embedded in the white Toyota Prius, as the driver lies injured in his seat surrounded by deployed airbags, the Daily Mail reported. According to one witness, the prince's Range Rover, which was taking him to an Invictus Games event in north London, took evasive action(evasive action 躲避, 避开, 闪避, 闪身躲开, 回避 an action aimed at evading an opponent. Evasive action was a catch-all term that was used throughout space warfare, particularly in starfighter combat. When an order to 'take evasive action' was given, it usually meant for all ships for whom the order pertained to do all they could to evade enemy fire. evasive 闪烁其词的, 回避的 not talking or answering questions in an honest way. a series of evasive replies. evasive about: The president remains evasive about the site of the proposed nuclear tests. take evasive action 采取了避让措施 to do something to avoid a dangerous situation.). The driver, apparently fearing a potential terrorist attack, steered his vehicle through the damaged vehicles at speed before coming to a stop a several hundred feet up the road. The bystander said he saw Harry sat in the back of the car with his head in his hands, constantly不停的, 反复的 looking backwards at the injured men. The prince was insistent they stopped but security advice was for his car to drive on. Other officers did stop to attend the incident. A cyclist, who wishes to remain anonymous, saw the convoy(a group of vehicles or ships travelling together, often with other vehicles or ships providing protection for them. an aid convoy bringing food to Sarajevo. )– of two blacked out Range Rovers and four motorbike outriders – pass him at "incredibly high speed". He said: "I first heard whistles behind me as the motorbikes approached and a convoy suddenly raced past me, going around 绕过 a roundabout the wrong way. He said: "I decided to speed up to see if I could catch up with them. I really wanted to know who it was. "I didn't see the actual crash but came across it just seconds after it had happened. There was debris everywhere, steam coming out of the car bonnet. It was carnage灾难现场(I. a situation in which there is a lot of death and destruction. a scene of carnage. II. mainly journalism a situation that is difficult or full of problems. There was economic carnage on the stock exchange yesterday.)." "The police were fantastic and sped into action, assessing those who were injured and treating them until the ambulances arrived," a source on the scene said. Firemen were forced to cut the roof off the Prius to pull its driver from the wreckage. The smashed vehicles were still on the road several hours after the accident, with traffic diverted to avoid the scene. The prince spent the day cheering on competitors accompanied by his brother, Prince William, and father, Prince Charles. A spokesman for Prince Harry said last night: 'The prince was obviously very concerned and wanted to make sure the men were OK. He is relieved 松了一口气 to hear they are both in a stable condition.' A source close to Harry said the prince was insistent they stop and help, even though his security advice would have been to drive on. "The police motorcyclist was displaying warning lights开着警示灯, as it was providing security escort at the time.
Laparoscopy (Laparoscopy [ˌlæpəˈroskəpi] 腹腔镜 Laparoscopic [læpərə'skopɪk] a medical operation in which a narrow tube called a laparoscope is put into a part of the body in order to operate on it or examine it. ) is an operation performed in the abdomen or pelvis through small incisions切口([ɪnˈsɪʒ(ə)n] a cut made into the body with a knife, usually during a medical operation.) (usually 0.5–1.5 cm) with the aid of a camera. It can either be used to inspect and diagnose a condition or to perform surgery. Laparoscopic surgery, also called minimally invasive surgery (MIS), bandaid surgery, or keyhole surgery, is a modern surgical technique in which operations are performed far from their location through small incisions (usually 0.5–1.5 cm) elsewhere in the body. There are a number of advantages to the patient with laparoscopic surgery versus the more common, open procedure. Pain and hemorrhaging(ˈhem(ə)rɪdʒ) are reduced due to smaller incisions and recovery times are shorter. The key element in laparoscopic surgery is the use of a laparoscope, a long fiber optic cable system which allows viewing of the affected area by snaking the cable from a more distant, but more easily accessible location. The process of minimally invasive surgery has been augmented by specialized tools for decades. In recent years, electronic tools have been developed to aid surgeons. Some of the features include: Visual magnification — use of a large viewing screen improves visibility; Stabilization — Electromechanical damping of vibrations(dampen or dampen down I. to make something such as a feeling or hope less strong. Not even defeat could dampen the enthusiasm of his supporters. II. to make something slightly wet. If you dampen laundry, it's much easier to iron it.), due to machinery or shaky human hands. Simulators — use of specialized virtual reality training tools to improve physicians' proficiency in surgery. Reduced number of incisions. There has been a distinct lack of disclosure regarding nano-scale developments in keyhole surgery and remote medicine, a "disparity of disclosure" which does not correlate with the rapid advancements in both the medical and nanotechnology fields over the last two-decades. Robotic surgery has been touted as a solution to underdeveloped nations, whereby a single central hospital can operate several remote machines at distant locations. The potential for robotic surgery has had strong military interest as well, with the intention of providing mobile medical care while keeping trained doctors safe from battle. There are also user-friendly non robotic assistance systems that are single hand guided devices with a high potential to save time and money. These assistance devices are not bound by the restrictions of common medical robotic systems. The systems enhance the manual possibilities of the surgeon and his/her team, regarding the need of replacing static holding force 稳定的拖力 during the intervention. Laparoscopic radical prostatectomy (LRP) is a modern form of radical prostatectomy, an operation for prostate cancer. Contrasted with the original open form of the surgery, laparoscopic radical prostatectomy does not make a large incision. Instead, laparoscopic radical prostatectomy is minimally invasive and relies on modern technologies, such as fiber optics and miniaturization. Laparoscopic radical prostatectomy is not a new treatment for prostate cancer. It is a modern form of the oldest treatment for prostate cancer. The laparoscopic and open forms of radical prostatectomy physically remove the entire prostate and reconstruct the urethra directly to the bladder. Laparoscopic radical prostatectomy and open radical prostatectomy differ in how they access the deep pelvis and generate operative views. In contrast to open radical prostatectomy, the laparoscopic radical prostatectomy makes no use of retractors and does not require that the abdominal wall 腹腔壁 be parted and stretched for the duration of the operation. There is very little bleeding with laparoscopic radical prostatectomy, as low as 50 ccs in some hands. Less bleeding means a more stable operative course and less need for transfusions(transfuse I. 输血. transfer (blood or its components) from one person or animal to another. "it is usual to transfuse blood screened for cytomegalovirus". II. inject (liquid) into a blood vessel to replace lost fluid. III. cause (something or someone) to be permeated or infused by something. "we became transfused by a radiance of joy". transpose [trænsˈpəuz] I. formal to change the order or position of something. Children often transpose letters when trying to spell unfamiliar words. a. music to change the key of a piece of music so that it can be performed using higher or lower notes. II. to use an idea or method in a different situation from the one it was originally developed in.); this in turn means less risk of such complications as allergic reactions and infections. It means less anemia, fatigue, and cardiovascular complications. There is also very little pain because of the minimal nature of the physical access. In some hands the average analgesic use is two Tylenol in the first twenty four hours. The American Cancer Society states that patient success with laparoscopic radical prostatectomy is determined by 取决于 surgeon experience and focus. One of the main benefits of the procedure is rapid discharge快速出院 after surgery by the next day. However using Toradol or PCA (patient controlled analgesia) with open surgery, many patients are almost pain-free and are very often discharged by the next evening, so that benefit of a robotic procedure on length of stay is obviated using Toradol or PCA. There is a long learning curve for the robotic procedure. It is estimated that about 60 cases need to be performed by a surgeon to be comfortable with the procedure and about 250 cases to be an expert. The procedure takes at least five hours and as long as eight hours for the average urologist, without a bilateral lymph node dissection( dissect I. to cut the body of a dead person or animal into parts in order to examine them. II. to think about or discuss the details of something in order to understand it completely. ), compared to 2.5–3 hours when done by an open technique with an incision, with a completed lymph node dissection. There is a greater risk of accidentally incising into the prostate, resulting in "margin positivity," i.e. leaving cancer within the patient, in otherwise organ confined disease, even in the hands of experts. This is presumed to happen as a result of the lack of tactile sensation触感. Margin positivity is strongly correlated with PSA recurrences复发(cancer relapsed) and a fourfold annual increase in cancer recurrence compared to men with negative surgical margins. Another problem in higher-risk cases is that many surgeons using the robotic technique do not perform a lymph node dissection, as it is difficult to perform this adequately, robotically. The rationale 道理 ( [ˌræʃəˈnɑ:l] the set of reasons that something such as a plan or belief is based on. What is the rationale for this approach to teaching reading? ) usually given is that patient selection is such that most patients with Gleason score 6 on pathology do not need a lymphadenectomy. There has not been any evidence in the urologic literature showing a benefit in regard to continence, potency or cure rates 治愈率 with the robotic procedure. Interest in the procedure is often patient driven病人自己要求的, by patients who have been led to believe by the extensive advertising铺天盖地的广告, that there are significant benefits to be obtained from the procedure. The open radical prostatectomy is still the "gold standard."
