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用法学习: 1. bastion [ˈbæstiən] I. an organization, community, or system that supports and defends a particular way of life, tradition, or belief. Traditionally an all-male bastion, the yachting world has gradually opened to women competitors. bastion of: one of the last bastions of Soviet-style communism. II. a place where an army has strong defences. Attack on gay pride parade shakes Israel's self-Image as bastion of tolerance 标杆, 旗帜, 最后堡垒. constitute I. [linking verb] 构成. 组成. if several people or things constitute something, they combine to form it. one of the countries that constitute the European Union. What constitutes redface 红脸人是什么样的, 什么样的人算是红脸人(skinny, small nose)? II. [linking verb] 算是. 算作. if something constitutes something else, it is considered to be that thing. This letter does not constitute an offer of employment. The invasion constitutes a clear violation of our sovereignty. III. [transitive] [usually passive] to formally establish an organization, institution, government etc and give it the authority to operate. red face test I. (idiomatic) A hypothetical test of a person's embarrassment, that is either passed or failed. Saying one passes the red face test means one would not blush and thus would not be embarrassed by disclosing something to others or doing something, and saying one fails the red face test means a situation would cause them discernible embarrassment. Usage notes: This expression is often used when discussing college students' behavior or "first blush" impressions in a business context. at first blush/sight/glance 初见 (idiomatic) Upon first impression or consideration; seemingly, apparently, ostensibly. When first seen. At first blush we thought it was an elegant restaurant, but it soon became obvious that it was hardly the place for a special dinner , or At first glance the contract looked just fine. when you first start to think about something His decision isn't as odd as it may seem at first blush乍看起来, 乍看之下, 第一眼感觉. 2. round the table: We will hear a short report on each point first, followed by a discussion round the table 逐点讨论, 一个一个的讨论. "Round the table" does not add to the meaning. There is going to be a discussion on each point. I suggest we go around the table first. Each person in turn "round the table" is invited to comment. It is a way of ensuring that everyone has a chance to contribute. I see this as another occasion of the shortening of "around," meaning that each person may participate in turn and the shape of table is superfluous. As for a "roundtable" discussion 圆桌会议, I see this as a metaphor relating to the Knights of the Round Table where the table was indeed round, suggesting that each person had an equal say because there was no "head.". round VS around: I couldn't use around in this context. That's mostly because the use of round in both (1) and (2) is very firmly established 定型, 约定俗成. If your shirt is on the wrong way round 穿反了, the part that should be at the front is at the back. The earth revolves around the sun and not the other way around. "The other way around 倒了, 反了" meaning vice-versa is not to be confused with "the second time around," which simply means a process is being repeated. I have the impression that this is an AE/BE difference: around is more common in AE (American Eng), while round is used more often in BE (British E) "You've gone around the bend" (AE). "You've gone 'round the bend" (BE) . I am sure there is some difference in AE and BE usage of around/round, but as a BE speaker I wouldn't agree that it is always round except in look around as LV4 says. Perhaps it to do with personal style. However, I think there is a slight difference in meaning between the two words, ie: I am just going to pop round the corner to buy some milk. (here round denotes turning a corner, going to another place, as in round the end of the cucumber frame). Masses of wildflowers grew all around the house. Her hair seemed to form a kind of halo around her head. Yes, I looked around makes sense, but it means I glanced about me in all dierctions. I looked round and saw him (I turned my head one one direction, not all around). If you read the beatrix potter quote again you will see that this subtle difference in meaning applies. Round seems to involve one direction and around applies to a general area surrounding the subject. 区别: Around and round are prepositions or adverbs. We use around and round when we refer to movements in circles or from one place to another. Around and round can both be used. Around is more common in American English. Round is a little more common in speaking: The earth goes round the sun. (movement in circles). We spent a very pleasant day walking round the town. (movement from one place to another). Now they are retired, they are planning a trip around the world. We also commonly use around and round in phrasal verbs: Can you pass these application forms around to all the people present? We spent the whole day moving round some furniture in the bedroom. Around and round also mean 'in different places' and 'here and there': People were panicking and running round and shouting. A: Where's Jill? B: I know she's around somewhere in the office. Around can also mean 'approximately': A: How old do you think the castle is? B: I'd say around 500 years. 3. turn the tables (on someone) Fig. to cause a reversal in someone's plans; to make one's plans turn back on one. I went to Jane's house to help get ready for a surprise party for Bob. It turned out that the surprise party was for me! Jane really turned the tables on me! Turning the tables like that requires a lot of planning and a lot of secrecy. 3. get your own back (on sb) 报复 UK informal to do something unpleasant to someone because they have done something unpleasant to you: I'll get my own back on her one day. get back at someone 报复 = pay someone back(payback) to do something to hurt or upset someone after they have hurt or upset you. She was trying to get back at him for humiliating her. get back to someone to phone, write, or speak to someone at a later time because you were busy or could not answer their question earlier. get back to sb on sth: Can you get back to me on those figures by the end of the day? go/get back to basics to start paying more attention to the most important aspects of something. go back on something to fail to do something that you have promised or agreed to do. go back on your word/promise: Both leaders feared that the other would go back on his word. have someone's back ‎(idiomatic) To be prepared and willing to support or defend (someone). If you ever need help, just ask. You know I have your back. have got (someone's) back To be prepared and willing to support or defend (someone). get someone's back/dander up 耸起了背; put/set someone's back up. Make angry, as in Bill's arrogance really got my back up, or The foolish delays at the bank only put her back up. Get one's back up and get one's dander up mean "become angry," as in Martha is quick to get her dander up. The back in these phrases alludes to a cat arching its back when annoyed, and put and set were the earliest verbs used in this idiom, dating from the 1700s; get is more often heard today. The origin of dander, used since the early 1800s, is disputed; a likely theory is that it comes from the Dutch donder, for "thunder." Also see get someone's goat; raise one's hackles. get back together if two people who ended their sexual or romantic relationship get back together, they start having a relationship with each other again. I kept hoping we would get back together. get back with someone to start to have a sexual or romantic relationship with someone that you had a relationship with before. He's getting back with his ex-wife. get off sb's back informal used to tell someone to stop criticizing you: Why don't you get off my back! I'm doing my best. get somebody off your back 摆脱 (informal) to stop someone trying to force you to do something, or to stop someone criticizing you I had to sell my house to get the creditors off my back. get off somebody's case to stop criticizing and annoying someone They think he was trying to cheat them, so they're not going to get off his case. roll off (one's) back Not to let something bother you, or get the best of you. Just let her crap roll off your back. on your back/case 不停烦, 骚扰, 烦扰 regularly criticizing you or trying to force you to do something My mom is always on my back about leaving my clothes lying around the house. get off your backside = work arse off (British & Australian very informal!) to stop being lazy and start doing something It's time the government got off its backside and did something about improving the railways. work your arse/backside/butt off to work very hard My father worked his backside off to pay for our education. 4. distinguish yourself to do something very well so that people notice and respect you He distinguished himself during the war. "Look at me" 看看我. 看我多厉害 moment. distinguish I. [intransitive/transitive] 区别. 区分. 分别得出来. to recognize the differences between things. He learned to distinguish the songs of different birds. distinguish between: They concluded that even three-year-olds are able to distinguish between causes and effects. distinguish something from something: It's very difficult to distinguish satire from other types of comedy. II. 鹤立鸡群 [transitive] to be a feature that makes someone or something clearly different from other similar people or things. distinguish someone/something from someone/something: There is very little to distinguish it from the hundreds of other websites devoted to this subject. III. [transitive] formal to be able to hear, see, smell, or taste something clearly. I could not distinguish her face in the darkness. burn the candle at both ends to work or do other things from early in the morning until late at night and so get very little rest. put someone/oneself out (get off one's way) to distress or inconvenience someone. To make a considerable effort; go to trouble or expense. I'd like to have a ride home, but not if it puts you out给你带来麻烦, 让你绕远, 给你带来不便. Don't worry. It won't put out anybody. put out to generate [lots of something]. What a great machine. It really puts out! The new laser printer really puts out! put out (about someone or something) irritated; bothered. John behaved rudely at the party, and the hostess was quite put out. Liz was quite put out about the question. 5. bush medicine the traditional ways of treating illnesses used by aboriginal people in Australia. the bush areas in hot countries like Australia and Africa that are not used for growing crops. They are usually far from cities and very few people live there. bush league badly done or done in a way that is not effective. conspiracy [kənˈspɪrəsi] I. [countable] a secret plan by a group of people to do something bad or illegal, especially in politics. conspiracy to do something: evidence of conspiracies to assassinate the president. conspiracy against: a conspiracy against the party leadership. II. [uncountable] legal the legal offence of planning a serious crime. The charges against them include conspiracy to smuggle heroin. conspiracy of silence an agreement between people to keep secret facts that should be publicly known. 6. Bishop undertook a five-year LLB program at the University of Sydney. However, she was deemed ineligible to continue after failing a number of subjects multiple times. Bishop failed a total of 11 subjects over six years. The policy of the University of Sydney at the time was that a student was required to show cause 出示原因 why they should be allowed to repeat a subject for a third time, and Bishop was deemed ineligible to continue. migraine [ˈmiːɡreɪn] [ˈmaɪɡreɪn] a very bad headache that often makes you unable to bear strong light. He suffers from migraines. margarine [ˈmɑrdʒərɪn] a yellow substance made from vegetable oil or animal fat that can be used instead of butter. a stick of butter/margarine 一块, 一条, 一根 a long thin piece of butter or margarine that you buy from a store. go off like a frog in a sock 激动万分, 激动不已. To be very excited. Alternatives – There are lots and lots of expressions that mean being very excited. Let's have a look at some of them: "bouncing off the walls", "champing at the bit" (like an excited horse about to race), to be in a "fever pitch", to be an "eager beaver" and another animal idiom: "to have ants in one's pants" 坐卧不安(to not be able to keep still because you are very excited or worried about something.). Better than a poke in the eye with a burnt stick. Better than nothing. Alternative – This expression is only used in Australia (that we know of!), but if you're not in Australia and want to use this idiom, you could also say "half a loaf of bread is better than none". To see which way the cat jumps 看看形势变化, 静观事态发展. To postpone making a decision until you have seen how things are developing. Alternative – There are two other ways of expresing this idiom: if we are not sure about what decision to take, we could say we are "in two minds" or that we are "weighing the pro's and con's" 权衡利弊.  Flat out like a lizard drinking 忙翻了. To be really busy. Alternative – All idioms related to being busy seem to involve animals. We can say "as busy as a beaver" or "as busy as a bee". And if you're working very, very hard, you can say you're "sweating blood 呕心沥血, 累的吐血".  As useful as lips on a chicken. Something or someone is useless. Alternative – There are lots of English expressions that mean something similar. Imagine you are trying to organize a classroom full of 2 year-old's. You could say it's "like herding cats" 养一群猫似的, 不听指挥的: chaotic and impossible. Another popular expression is "trying to get blood out of a stone". We use this expression, for example, if we are trying to make conversation with someone who does not want to talk. 6. Miranda Kerr和Snapchat Founder约会: glint I. to shine with quick flashes of light. a quick flash of light. II. 怒气. 爱意. if someone's eyes glint, they show a strong emotion such as anger. a sudden quick appearance of a strong emotion such as anger in someone's eyes. The new couple had a certain glint in their eyes 爱意满满, 充满爱意, exchanging loving looks 深情对视 (Miranda Kerr shares a loving look with Snapchat founder boyfriend Evan Spiegel. ) as they strolled along the pier hand in hand. True to form说真的, Australian model Kerr, 32, was impeccably groomed and looked stylish in a mid-length black skirt, a crop top and gold sandals. compliment I. [countable] something nice that you say to praise someone. It is a compliment to be compared to her. pay/give someone a compliment: He kept paying me compliments on my cooking. take something as a compliment (=consider it to be a compliment, even if it was not intended to be): Mom says I'm stubborn, but I'll take that as a compliment. a. something that shows you approve of someone or respect them. II. compliments 美好祝愿, 良好祝愿 Good wishes; regards: Extend my compliments to your parents. pay someone the compliment of: He paid me the compliment of inviting me to sing at his wedding. Her 25-year-old beau complimented her casual style 响应她的休闲风格 in a black outfit teamed with trendy white sneakers. return the compliment 投桃报李 to do something for someone in return for something that they did for you. He lent me several of his CDs, and I'd like to return the compliment. pay/give someone a compliment: He kept paying me compliments on my cooking. compliments to someone used for praising someone Compliments to the chef, that lobster was delicious! with compliments 免费赠送  used for showing that you do not have to pay for something that someone has sent you. with the compliments of someone = with someone's compliment used for showing that you do not have to pay for something. Please accept this wine with the compliments of the management.You're in a restaurant and the waiter comes up with a fancy dessert, saying it is "Compliments of the chef", or "With the compliments of the chef." In both cases, it means the chef is giving you the dessert, perhaps because your meal was messed up or something. The only difference is in usage. "Compliments of" is more likely to be found at the beginning of a sentence. If the phrase is used in the middle of the sentence, "With the compliments of" is more likely. But either can be used interchangeably. A compliments slip 便签, 便条 (or with compliments slip) is a slip of paper that contains the same name and address information that would be on a letterhead of formal letter stationery, the pre-printed salutation "with compliments" or "with our/my compliments", and space afterwards for a short handwritten message to be added. It is used in correspondence, as an enclosure for other material. Compliments slips, which are informal, can sometimes substitute for more formal letters of reply. For example, the response to a request for a product catalogue or a price list may simply be the price list or catalogue, with a compliments slip attached, rather than with a formal letter of reply. The inclusion of compliments slips in responses to such routine requests is often seen by businesses as a necessary step in maintaining good public relations. There is no fixed size 没固定尺寸, 没一定, 没定规 for compliments slips. They may vary in size from the size of a business or visiting card, from which compliments slips originally evolved, to the size of a whole sheet of letter writing paper. Since they are informal, compliments slips are not substitutes in those cases where a formal letter is required for legal reasons. In building contract work, for example, a drawing or a copy letter sent to a contractor with a compliments slip attached is not a formal instruction to perform the work on the drawing or letter. It is at most an invitation to perform that work, at no charge to the employer. A valid instruction would be a formal letter of instruction, or an instruction provided on a printed "Architect's Instruction" form (signed by the architect). Falconer states that a compliments slip should never be sent instead of a personal letter, and that it is better to send a personal letter in response to a customer enquiry, because it provides a personal touch. Hailey recommends an alternative strategy for providing a personal touch: removing the salutation from compliments slips, thus forcing the entire note to be hand-written. Snapchat Foundeer: In May 2014 Valleywag, a Gawker blog, released a set of emails written by Spiegel during his undergraduate career to fraternity members that were explicitly misogynistic and homophobic in nature. Spiegel later apologized for his actions and attitude towards women at the time the emails were sent, stating, "I'm obviously mortified 羞愧不已 and embarrassed that my idiotic emails during my fraternity days were made public. I have no excuse. I'm sorry I wrote them at the time and I was jerk to have written them. They in no way reflect 完全代表不了, 完全反应不了 who I am today or my views towards women."

眼睛的问题(血丝: blood/red/pink lines in eyes): 1. Keratitis[ˌkɛrəˈtaɪtɪs]角膜炎 is a condition in which the eye's cornea, the front part of the eye, becomes inflamed发炎的. The condition is often marked by moderate to intense pain and usually involves any of the following symptoms: pain, impaired eyesight, photophobia怕见光, red eye and a 'gritty' 沙沙的感觉, 磨磨的感觉 sensation. 2. Conjunctivitis 结膜炎, or "pink eye 红眼病," is an infection or swelling in the eye area that causes inflammation of the conjunctiva, giving the eye a red or pink color. Conjunctivitis, which is commonly called “pink eye,” is an infection or swelling in the eye area. Blood vessels 血管 in the conjunctiva, a thin membrane 薄膜 that lines part of the eye, become inflamed. This gives the eye a red or pink color that's commonly associated with conjunctivitis. pink or red toned eyes; a gritty feeling in the eyes; watery or thick discharge that builds up on the eye at night; itchiness; abnormal amount of tears. Treatment of conjunctivitis depends on what caused it. If your pink eye is the result of a chemical irritant, there's a good chance that it will go away on its own 自己消失, 自愈 in a few days. If it's the result of a bacteria, virus, or allergen, there are a few treatment options. Unfortunately, if you have viral conjunctivitis there is no treatment available没有有效方案. Just like the common cold, there are no cures for a virus. In other words, your symptoms will go away in a 7 to ten days after the virus has run its course. In the meantime, using a warm compress热敷( Dry warmth干热. Place a protective layer of fabric between a warm compress and the skin. Heating pads and hot water bottles can be used on larger surfaces needing heat. Moist warmth湿热. Towels or washcloths can be soaked 浸泡 in warm water, wrung (wring)扭干, 挤干 out, and placed on the area. Warm compresses can be used to treat a variety of issues, from muscle soreness to joint stiffness. While you can buy heat packs at the pharmacy, it's just as easy to make one yourself with simple, cheap materials you probably already have laying around your house. Warm compresses can help to reduce pain from menstrual cramps, abdominal muscle cramps, and muscle spasms. Before treating a condition with a warm compress, make sure you know whether your medical issue is best treated by the application of heat or cold. Cold Compression 热敷法 is a combination of cryotherapy and static compression, commonly used for the treatment of pain and inflammation after acute injury or surgical procedures. Cryotherapy, the use of ice or cold in a therapeutic setting, has become one of the most common treatments in orthopedic medicine. Cold Compression Therapy combines two of the principles of R.I.C.E. (Rest, Ice, Compression, Elevation) to reduce pain and swelling from a sports or activity injury to soft tissues and recommended by orthopedic surgeons following surgery. The therapy is especially useful for sprains, strains, pulled muscles and pulled ligaments. Static Compression is often used in conjunction with cryotherapy for the care of acute injuries. To date, the primary reason for using compression is to increase external pressure on the tissue to prevent edema formation (swelling). This occurs by hindering fluid loss from the vessels in the injured area, making it more difficult for fluids to accumulate. Ice with compression is significantly colder than ice alone due to improved skin contact and increased tissue density caused by extended static compression. Tissue reaches its lowest temperature faster and the tissue maintains its cool even after treatment ends. Infiltration: Infiltration is the diffusion or accumulation (in a tissue or cells) of substances not normal to it or in amounts in excess of the normal. The material collected in those tissues or cells is called infiltrate. As part of a disease process, infiltration is sometimes used to define the invasion of cancer cells 癌细胞入侵 into the underlying matrix or the blood vessels. Similarly the term may describe the deposition of amyloid protein. As part of medical intervention, local anaesthetics may be injected at more than one point so as to infiltrate an area prior to a surgical procedure. However the term may also apply to unintended iatrogenic leakage of fluids from phlebotomy or intravenous drug delivery procedures, a process also known as extravasation or "tissuing". Infiltration, or tissuing, describes leakage of fluids or blood from damaged blood vessels as a result of medical interventions. The use of warm compresses to treat infiltration has become controversial. It has been found that cold compresses may be better for some infiltrated infusates. If the infiltration is recent and the solution was hypertonic or had an increased pH, a cold compress can be applied. A warm compress can be applied if a small amount of non-caustic solution has infiltrated over a long period, or if the solution is isotonic with normal pH. It has also been documented that elevation of the infiltrated extremity may be painful for the patient. To act in the best interest of the patient, following IV infiltration, consult with the physician for orders regarding compresses and elevation. infiltrate I. 渗透. 渗入. to secretly join an organization or go into a place in order to find out information about it or damage it. Government agents had been infiltrating paramilitary groups. infiltrate into: plans to prevent rebels from infiltrating into the country. II. to become a feature of something gradually, without anyone noticing. the way that technology has infiltrated our daily lives.), or cloth moistened with warm water, can help soothe (relieve) your symptoms 缓解症状. In addition to using a compress, you can purchase eye drops 滴眼液 at your local drug store that mimic your own tears. This will help relieve your conjunctivitis symptoms. It might also be a good idea to stop wearing contact lenses until your case of pink eye completely clears up. This condition is considered a medical emergency. Urgent care may be required. An allergy is the immune system's response to a foreign substance (allergen) that is not typically harmful to a person's body. This attack response may involve inflammation, sneezing, and a host of other symptoms. What are Cluster Headaches? Cluster headaches are severely painful headaches that occur in clusters, meaning that you experience cycles of headache attacks 一轮一轮的, 周期性的 followed by headache-free periods. The frequency of your headaches during those cycles may range from one headache every other day to several headaches per day. Cluster headaches can be so painful that they are sometimes called "suicide headaches." Cluster headaches are most common between adolescence and middle age, but they can occur at any age. There are two types of cluster headaches: episodic and chronic. Episodic 一阵一阵的 ( [ˌepɪˈsodɪk] I. happening as a series of separate events that have no clear connection between them. a. 不定时的. 时有时无的. happening from time to time in a way that is not regular. episodic earthquakes. ) cluster headaches occur regularly between one week and one year, followed by a headache free period of one month or more. Chronic cluster headaches occur regularly for longer than one year, followed by a headache free period that lasts for less than one month. A person who has episodic cluster headaches may develop chronic cluster headaches and vice versa. The pain from cluster headaches is caused by the dilation (widening) ( dilation [daɪˈleɪt] 放大的, 变粗的, 变宽的 if part of your body dilates, it becomes bigger and wider. dilated pupils 瞳孔放大. ) of the blood vessels that supply blood to your brain and face. The dilation of these vessels applies pressure to the trigeminal nerve, which transmits sensations from the face to the brain. Doctors do not know why this dilation occurs. Researchers believe that abnormalities in a small area of the brain called the hypothalamus may be responsible for cluster headaches. The hypothalamus is the area of the brain that regulates 控制调节 body temperature, blood pressure, sleep, and the release of hormones. Cluster headaches may also be caused by a sudden release of the chemicals histamine or serotonin, which fight allergens and regulate mood, respectively. The headache pain becomes severe five to 10 minutes after the headache starts. Each headache usually lasts for several hours, with the most intense pain lasting between 30 minutes and two hours. Cluster headache pain occurs on one side of the head, but the pain can switch sides in some patients. The headache pain is generally located behind or around the eye. It is a constant and deep burning or piercing pain. The pain may spread to the forehead, temples, teeth, nose, neck, or shoulders on the same side. a droopy 耷拉眼皮 eyelid; a constricted (small) pupil; excessive tearing from your eye; eye redness; sensitivity to light; swelling under or around one or both of your eyes; a runny nose or stuffy nose; facial redness or flushing; nausea; agitation or restlessness. A minor scratch to the eye's cornea is called a corneal abrasion. It can be caused by dust, contact lenses, or other foreign objects, and can sometimes develop into a serious eye condition. Corneal Ulce: A corneal ulcer is a open sore that forms on the cornea, the clear layer on front of the eye. It is usually caused by infections but can also results from small eye injuries. Dry Eye Syndrome干眼症: Dry eye syndrome is a condition in which the eyes cannot produce a sufficient amount of tears. This can lead to irritation and eye redness. Causes can include medications, allergies, and hormone replacement therapy. 症状描述: A few days ago, I woke up and noticed that I had what appeared to be bright red blood covering almost half of the white area of my eyeball, and I'm not sure what I did that caused it. My eye didn't hurt, and the blood did not go away when I put eye drops in. I learned that this was likely caused by a broken blood vessel 血管破裂(burst out, rupture) in my eye and that the bloody appearance would fade away 消失 over a few days. However, I am concerned about what may have caused my blood vessel to burst. Is this a sign of an underlying medical condition or just one of those things that happens from time to time? A broken blood vessel in the eye, known medically as a subconjunctival hemorrhage, is a very common and almost always a benign medical problem. However, it is important to get a general check up from a primary care doctor to make sure it's not something serious. The small blood vessels that run below the conjunctiva (the membranous covering of the eye and eyelid) are very fragile. They can be ruptured for many reasons. Obviously direct trauma to the eye can cause the blood vessels to rupture, even extremely minor trauma like rubbing an eye too hard. Many things that cause these delicate blood vessels to rupture involve straining, which temporarily increases blood pressure in veins. And because of this, subconjunctival hemorrhages tend to be a side effect of other problems. Subconjunctival hemorrhages can come along with a cold (which causes a lot of coughing and sneezing), constipation (which causes a lot of straining), childbirth (again, straining), falling or otherwise injuring yourself (people tend to strain very hard as they get injured), GI illness (straining due to vomiting and bowel movements). Other less common causes of subconjunctival hemorrhage are very high blood pressure and problems with blood clotting or increased levels of anticoagulant medication. In your case, a subconjunctival hemorrhage could suddenly appear overnight for these reasons: you rubbed your eye violently in your sleep, you sneezed or coughed hard in your sleep, something happened at the end of the day that caused it and you did not notice it till morning, or (less likely) you have a medical condition like high blood pressure or a blood clotting problem that caused it to occur spontaneously. The hemorrhage itself is harmless and will resolve on its own 自行解决 over a few weeks. Again you should get a general check up from a primary care doctor to make sure you are not developing a problem with high blood pressure or, rarely, blood clotting.

澳洲垃圾鸟Australian white ibis: It has a predominantly white plumage with a bare, black head, long downcurved bill and black legs. The white ibis usually gives off 散发臭味 a foul stench. This smell is not described as rotten腐臭味, but an odd smell that is rather unpleasant and distinct. Debate continues on whether to consider it a pest 害虫 or vulnerable species濒危物种. Populations have disappeared from natural breeding areas such as the Macquarie Marshes in north-western New South Wales. Despite this, the species has been culled in parts of Sydney due to their smell and at times intrusive nature. Its sister species is the sacred ibis. The Australian white ibis is widespread in eastern, northern and south-western Australia. It occurs in marshy wetlands, often near open grasslands and has become common in Australian east-coast city parks and rubbish dumps in the urban areas of Wollongong, Sydney, Perth, the Gold Coast, Brisbane and Townsville. Historically it was rare in urban areas; the first influx was noted after drought drove birds eastwards in the late 1970s. The urban population further increased after a further period of drought in 1998. There has been debate in recent years over whether to consider them a pest or a possibly endangered 濒危的 species. Birds in tourist areas of Sydney such as Darling Harbour, the Royal Botanic Gardens, or Centennial Park have been a problem due to their strong smell. Populations in the latter two areas have been culled(cull I. to collect something such as information from different places. recipes culled from magazines. II. 捕杀. 猎杀. to kill animals deliberately, especially in order to stop the population from becoming too large.). The birds have also come to be regarded as a problem species in Victoria as a result of their scavenging activities, scattering rubbish from tips and bins in the process. They are even known to snatch sandwiches from picnickers. Such behaviour, together with their propensity 趋势, 倾向 to build nests([prəˈpensəti] a natural tendency to behave in a particular way. ways of reducing children's propensity to aggression.) in "inappropriate" places, and competition with captive animals(captive I. kept as a prisoner. take/hold someone captive: She was kidnapped and held captive for over a week. II. 圈养的, 圈起来的. a captive wild animal is kept in a place such as a park or zoo instead of living in its natural environment. captive audience a group of people who must listen to what someone is saying because they cannot leave.), led to surplus birds being relocated from Healesville Sanctuary to Sale. However, the birds returned in a few days. The Australian white ibis' range of food includes both terrestrial and aquatic invertebrates(a small animal without a backbone, for example an insect or a worm.) and human scraps. The most favoured foods are crayfish and mussels, which the bird obtains by digging with its long bill.