用法学习: 1. To put (something) in (some kind of) context "Context" is extra information that helps you to understand something better. For example, if you're listening to someone speaking in a foreign language, their facial expressions and hand gestures give you some context for what they're saying. "Putting ___ in context" means making a topic easier to understand by giving extra information about the time, place, situation, history, and so on. So you can use this expression to introduce contextual information about something: To put it in context, at that time the most powerful personal computers were only able to do simple math equations. To put his speech in cultural context, politicians in India rarely retire. So him announcing that he was leaving the party was rather shocking. This expression sounds very intellectual. Use it when you're giving a speech or lecture. To put this piece in historical context, it was created during the period when Europeans were just beginning to explore the New World. Permaculture (permaculture [ˈpɜːməˌkʌltʃə] the practice of producing food, energy, etc, using ways that do not deplete the earth's natural resources. The word permaculture originally referred to "permanent agriculture", but was expanded to stand also for "permanent culture", as it was understood that social aspects were integral to a truly sustainable system as inspired by Masanobu Fukuoka's natural farming philosophy. It has many branches that include, but are not limited to, ecological design, ecological engineering, regenerative design, environmental design, and construction. Permaculture also includes integrated water resources management that develops sustainable architecture, and regenerative and self-maintained habitat and agricultural systems modelled from natural ecosystems. ) Principles: The original quote was about snails, but you'll see how it comes into context, it says you don't have a snail/slug problem, you have a duck deficiency ( I. Deficiency in something, especially something that your body needs, is not having enough of it. They did blood tests on him for signs of vitamin deficiency. There are serious deficiencies in the numbers of suitable aircraft. II. A deficiency that someone or something has is a weakness or imperfection in them. [formal] ...a serious deficiency in our air defence.). 2. There's no need (there's every need): While writing a cinematic screenplay is always highly appreciated by the reader, there's no need to dictate where an opening credit sequence takes place within your script — unless it ties directly into the story and characterization.
Peep Show quote: a. Obviously no need to note that 记下来, 做笔记. 'Shit, I'm making too many notes! Just imbibe the culture ( [ɪmˈbaɪb] I. [intransitive/transitive] often humorous to drink something. To imbibe alcohol means to drink it. They were used to imbibing enormous quantities of alcohol. No one believes that current nondrinkers should be encouraged to start imbibing. II. 潜移默化的接受了 [transitive] formal if you imbibe ideas, feelings, or qualities, you experience them and are influenced by them. If you imbibe ideas or arguments, you listen to them, accept them, and believe that they are right or true. As a clergyman's son he'd imbibed a set of mystical beliefs from the cradle. imbecile [ US:ˈɪmbəs(ə)l UK:ˈɪmbəˌsaɪl] I. noun If you call someone an imbecile, you are showing that you think they are stupid or have done something stupid. [disapproval] I don't want to deal with these imbeciles any longer. jerk [slang, mainly US, Canadian], tosser [British, slang]. II. adj. Imbecile means stupid. It was an imbecile thing to do. III. In the past, people who had something wrong with their brains that made them seem less intelligent, or different from other people, were sometimes called imbeciles. wiki: The term imbecile was once used by psychiatrists to denote a category of people with moderate to severe intellectual disability, as well as a type of criminal. The word arises from the Latin word imbecillus, meaning weak, or weak-minded. It included people with an IQ of 26–50, between "idiot" (IQ of 0–25) and "moron" (IQ of 51–70). In the obsolete medical classification (ICD-9, 1977), these people were said to have "moderate mental retardation 轻度弱智" or "moderate mental subnormality" with IQ of 35–49. The meaning was further refined into mental and moral imbecility. The concepts of "moral insanity", "moral idiocy"," and "moral imbecility", led to the emerging field of eugenic criminology, which held that crime can be reduced by preventing "feeble-minded" people from reproducing.). ' Yes, civilisation is definitely doomed. b. Let's not jump and just have lunch. I'm genuinely really, really hungry, too hungry to jump! Guys, you're on 该你们(跳)了. Relax. I'll be with you all the way. I don't want to go. I need a sandwich. Looks like we got ourselves a Humpty (Humpty Dumpty is a character in an English nursery rhyme, probably originally a riddle and one of the best known in the English-speaking world. He is typically portrayed as an anthropomorphic egg, though he is not explicitly described as such. Humpty Dumpty sat on a wall, Humpty Dumpty had a great fall. All the king's horses and all the king's men. Couldn't put Humpty together again. ). It's too late to back out 退出. Stay calm. Humpty, cling on to 抱紧, 抓紧 your girlfriend. I'm not his girlfriend. Stop calling me Humpty! Come on, Mark. No, no! No! I'm hungry! I'm too bloody hungry to jump! But we're here now. I'm starving! It's not fair. You can't make a hungry man jump! Do I just undo it? No, you do not just undo 解开 that! Thanks so much. It all makes a difference. I don't think we should be doing this. Why not? Who loses? It feels dishonest. Wake up. You think no-one mimed ( mime [maɪm] I. noun Mime is the use of movements and gestures in order to express something or tell a story without using speech. to tell a story or express yourself without words, using only the movements of your body and face. Music, mime and strong visual imagery play a strong part in the productions. Pupils presented a mime and puppet show. ...a mime artist. II. verb If you mime something, you describe or express it using mime rather than speech. It featured a solo dance in which a woman in a short overall mimed a lot of dainty housework. I remember asking her to mime getting up in the morning. III. verb 假唱. 对嘴. If you mime, you pretend to be singing or playing an instrument, although the music is in fact coming from something like a CD. to pretend to sing or play an instrument while a piece of recorded music is being played. Richey's not miming, he's playing very quiet guitar. In concerts, the group mime their songs. The waiters mime to records playing on the jukebox. A mime or mime artist (from Greek "imitator, actor") is a person who uses mime as a theatrical medium or as a performance art. Miming involves acting out a story through body motions, without the use of speech. In earlier times, in English, such a performer would typically be referred to as a mummer. Miming is distinguished from silent comedy, in which the artist is a character in a film or sketch without sound. A meme ([miːm]) is an idea, behavior, or style that spreads from person to person within a culture—often with the aim of conveying a particular phenomenon, theme, or meaning represented by the meme. A meme acts as a unit for carrying cultural ideas, symbols, or practices, that can be transmitted from one mind to another through writing, speech, gestures, rituals, or other imitable phenomena with a mimicked theme. Supporters of the concept regard memes as cultural analogues to genes in that they self-replicate, mutate, and respond to selective pressures. ) at Live Aid? The ends always justify the means. Doesn't it prick your conscience 刺痛良心, 良心不会痛吗? It was a long way down. Most people would be scared to even go up there. Most people wouldn't volunteer for a charity bungee jump. There's no need to go sarcastic. I've got a plan. c. Uh, something's just come up. Yeah, I'll see you at the airport. I should explain. Really, there's no need. Please don't pull me into your emotional fuck-piel. That was my long-term partner, who's been away. d. It was interesting that our aunt never raised one obvious possibility: that one of us should wed Cezar. Not that any of us would want to. My sisters disliked him and I—I was not sure I wanted to marry anyone at all. Not without love. And whatever I felt toward my cousin, it was not the kind of passion I had heard about in tales 故事里, 书里听到的, the feeling that swept you off your feet 魂不守舍, 奋不顾身 and into a different world. It was foolish to expect that, of course. In choosing a husband, practical considerations 现实的考量, 现实的考虑 almost always came before the inclinations of the heart 心的期许, 心里的向往. This was something Aunt Bogdana had explained many times before. A certain expression had entered my aunt's blue eyes, one I knew from experience meant she was planning something. "I'll have a word with Nicolae on the party question," she said. "It's not yet too late in the season, if we move quickly. It is a long time since Vârful cu Negur˘a has seen a night of celebration." "There's no need, Aunt Bogdana." My heart sank at the thought of yet another complication in my busy existence. "Believe me, Jena, there's every need 非常有必要, 非常必要. What if the worst should occur? Nicolae is hardly in a position 还没有能力 to support the five of you indefinitely. Of course, we must hope poor Teodor recovers from this terrible malady and that he returns to us by springtime. But, as good daughters, you are duty bound to prepare yourselves—" Behind Aunt Bogdana, the door of the chamber opened a crack. I glanced up, surprised that Daniela had been so quick. Instead my eyes met Iulia's, and I turned cold.
crackle VS crack: crackle 噼里啪啦的响声 verb If something crackles, it makes a rapid series of short, harsh noises. The radio crackled again. ...a crackling fire. ...the crackle of flames and gunfire. to be full of something such as nervousness or excitement. The atmosphere crackled with expectation.
crunchy VS crisp VS crispy VS brittle VS brisk: crunchy 咀嚼有声的. crunchy peanut butter (不用crispy). crispy 只是用来形容食物 It describes the texture of the food, that being dry and easily broken, like a potato chip. crisp 可以用来形容食物或者非食物. it can also mean "freshly clean, invigorating, clear and brisk.". crispy 和 crisp 第一下有声响, 再下去就不一定有. 但是crunchy每咬一下都有响声. Think of a "crispy" food item as something that has been made crisp (crisp 是天生的质地, cripsy是后天得烹饪的结果. wiki: The word crispy relates to prepared food. The word crisp may be applied to other referents, including non-prepared foods such as lettuce and other objects such as paper, with essentially the same meaning. ). That will make it clear why food items have been singled out as almost exclusively "crispy." But "fresh, crisp lettuce" is better-- the lettuce simply has that texture, and is not "crispy" from being baked or fried. Other than food, I agree that "crisp" is preferred, and very often "crispy" would sound wrong. Just imagine the deep frier, and it may help you remember why a dollar bill isn't "crispy," even though it was "made," i.e., is artificial. Figurative uses of "crispy" are very few, and I think it will help to keep in mind the idea of frying. "You look sunburned." "Yeah, I'm feeling a little crispy." "You sound a little off your game. Big night last night?" "Yeah, I'm a little crispy around the edges. ((a little/bit) rough around the edges = crispy around the edges I. 不那么完美. Unpolished, imperfect, or unkempt, but generally able or ready for use or action. This video is still a bit rough around the edges, but it's pretty close to what we want the finished product to look like. This old truck's a little rough around the edges, but it's still the most reliable vehicle I've owned. II. 有点糙. Somewhat lacking in refinement, sophistication, manners, etc. If a person is rough around the edges, they have some negative qualities, such as not being stylish, polite or well-educated. He's a bit rough around the edges but he's wonderful with kids. The workers on the oil rig are a little bit rough around the edges, but they're damn decent chaps, every single one of them. Yeah, my local bar is rough around the edges all right, but I think that's what gives it its character and charm. III. Somewhat sick or unwell, especially because one is suffering from a hangover. Bill: "So, I hear you had a wild night out. How you feeling this morning?" Ted: "A little rough around the edges, but not as bad as I thought I'd be.")" (in other words, hung over, possibly from drinking-- his brain has been "fried" a little). Crisp things tend to crackle, crispy ones tend to crunch-- a subjective observation, but I think it might be helpful. "Crisp" air is cold, but also dry-- you'd call humid wintry air "nippy," ( nippy I. = chilly. If the weather is nippy, it is rather cold. [informal] It could get suddenly nippy in the evenings. II. If you describe something or someone as nippy, you mean that they can move very quickly over short distances. [British, informal] This nippy new car has fold down rear seats. Barnaby may be 15, but he's nippy and suited to badminton.) probably not crisp. Foggy air doesn't conduct static electricity, doesn't "crackle." The same goes for figurative uses. A crisp remark is quick, dry and brief. Well-pressed clothes give you a "crisp, well-groomed" look-- add moisture, things wilt 干枯, 枯萎, those sharp seam lines blur or waver a little. Not so crisp any more. I'd say - crunchy is accompanied by sound. If something is truly crunchy, you will hear that crunch with almost every bite. The sound will diminish as you chew and swallow but crunchy food is somewhat resistant to moisture - it does not dissolve easily. Crispy foods have one sound at the beginning - the edge breaks. A potato chip is crisp, not crunchy. You'll get one 'crunch' sound when you bite down and then all the crisp is gone. We say fresh lettuce is crisp - we never say lettuce is crunchy. Crispy foods are thin, fragile, and readily shatter into small flakes when chewed or handled, such as potato chips. They break apart under the slightest pressure or pulling force, and may quickly dissolve in saliva. Crunchy foods are ones that shatter when chewed with such force as to cause them to do so. They break into fragments that are visually similar to small stones as opposed to flakes. They are called "crunchy" because of the noise made when chewing them; the breaking is clearly audible, and the jaw action usually quite visible. Hard pretzel bits are an example, so are some dried nut meats. These foods don't immediately dissolve in saliva, unless retained in the mouth and chewed long enough to form a paste. crisp or crispy 脆脆的 toast. crisp or crispy cracker. A crisp or crispy frosting (on a donut). a crisp or crispy texture (of a potato chip). a crisp dollar bill (can't use crispy). crisp mountain air (can't use crispy). 1. crunchy 脆生生的, 脆脆的, 清脆的 adj. food that is crunchy is firm and makes a noise when you bite it – usually used to show approval. a delicious crunchy salad. ...fresh, crunchy vegetables. Bake the mixture for 30 minutes until the top is golden and crunchy. When you crunch something, you grind it into tiny pieces, often with your teeth. You can also crunch whole spices into smaller bits with a mortar and pestle. A horse might crunch an apple, and on a summer day you might drink a glass of iced tea and crunch the ice between your teeth. You could also describe the sound of gravel underneath the wheels of a car or feet walking in fresh snow as a crunch. A figurative crunch is a deadline or crisis: "When it came to the crunch, I just voted for the person who would do the least harm." 2. crisp I. adj. Food that is crisp is pleasantly hard, or has a pleasantly hard surface. [approval] Bake the potatoes for 15 minutes, till they're nice and crisp. ...crisp bacon. ...crisp lettuce. ...crisply-fried onion rings. II. verb. If food crisps or if you crisp it, it becomes pleasantly hard, for example because you have heated it at a high temperature. Cook the bacon until it begins to crisp. Spread breadcrumbs on a dry baking sheet and crisp them in the oven. III. noun. Crisps 薯片(US: chips, potato chips) are very thin slices of fried potato that are eaten cold as a snack. ...a packet of crisps. ...cheese and onion potato crisps. IV. Weather that is pleasantly fresh, cold, and dry can be described as crisp. [approval] ...a crisp autumn day 清爽的天气. V. Crisp cloth or paper is clean and has no creases in it. He wore a panama hat and a crisp white suit. I slipped between the crisp clean sheets. ...crisp 平展的, 崭新的 banknotes. ...his crisply-pressed suit. VI. Leaves or snow that make a loud noise when you walk on them can be described as crisp. ...crisp autumn leaves. He crunched through the crisp snow. VII. 干脆的, 不拖泥带水的. If you describe someone's writing or speech as crisp, you mean they write or speak very clearly, without mentioning unnecessary details. This may make them seem unfriendly. 'Very well,' I said, adopting a crisp authoritative tone. 'I'm not a journalist,' said Mary Ann crisply. tender-crisp a vegetable that is cooked tender-crisp is heated and cooked all the way through, but still has some snap to it. Add the shallots and cook until tender-crisp. burn something to a crisp to burn something completely. If something is burnt to a crisp, it is completely burnt. The dinner was burned to a crisp. Something that's crisp is thin, dry, and breakable. Unless they're stale, most crackers are crisp. Gingersnaps are crisp, and so is toast — in fact, crisp often describes food, although crunchy snow and dry, brown leaves are also crisp. To crisp something is to cook or dry it until it's brittle, and when a voice is crisp, it's abrupt and no-nonsense. A crisp fall morning is fresh and cold. In Old English, crisp meant "curly," from the Latin crispus, "curled." The "brittle" definition is probably imitative, the word sounding like its meaning. 3. crispy [krɪspi] Food that is crispy is pleasantly hard, or has a pleasantly hard surface. food that is crispy is firm in a pleasant way, and makes a noise when you bite it. ...crispy fried onions. ...crispy bread rolls. 4. brittle 脆到易折断的 I. An object or substance that is brittle is hard but easily broken. Pine is brittle and breaks. ...the dry, brittle ends of the hair. II. If you describe a situation, relationship, or someone's mood as brittle 脆弱的, you mean that it is unstable, and may easily change. They are nurturing a diplomatic relationship that is dangerously brittle but cannot be allowed to fail. This may help to undermine the brittle truce that currently exists. III. Someone who is brittle seems rather sharp and insensitive and says things which are likely to hurt other people's feelings. His father, for all his brittle wit, was also a deeply sentimental man. IV. A brittle sound is short, loud, and sharp. Myrtle gave a brittle laugh. wiki: Osteogenesis imperfecta (OI), also known as brittle bone disease 脆骨症, 玻璃娃娃, is a group of genetic disorders that mainly affect the bones. It results in bones that break easily. The severity may be mild to severe. Other symptoms may include a blue tinge to the whites of the eye, short height, loose joints, hearing loss, breathing problems and problems with the teeth. 5. brisk I. 突然地 A brisk activity or action is done quickly and in an energetic way. Taking a brisk walk can often induce a feeling of well-being. The horse broke into a brisk trot. Eve walked briskly down the corridor to her son's room. With determined briskness, Amy stood up and put their cups back on the tray. II. If trade or business is brisk, things are being sold very quickly and a lot of money is being made. [business] Vendors were doing a brisk trade 生意兴隆 in souvenirs. Its sales had been brisk since July. A trader said gold sold briskly on the local market. III. If the weather is brisk, it is cold and fresh. ...a typically brisk (nippy) winter's day on the South Coast. The breeze was cool, brisk and invigorating. IV. Someone who is brisk behaves in a busy, confident way which shows that they want to get things done quickly. The Chief summoned me downstairs. He was brisk and businesslike. She is noted for her brisk 干净利索, 不拖泥带水 handling of business. 'Anyhow,' she added briskly, 'it's none of my business.' He felt her familiar briskness, and he knew that it was all over. businesslike If you describe someone as businesslike, you mean that they deal with things in an efficient way without wasting time. Mr. Penn sounds quite businesslike. This activity was carried on in a businesslike manner.
