用法学习: 1. Tasmania's road toll 交通事故死亡人数 keeps climbing past last year's total: Three victims of a horror crash in southern Tasmania on the weekend have been remembered as loving friends who consistently brighten the room, as their community grapples with the tragic news ( grapple [ˈɡræp(ə)l] to fight with someone. The argument led to them grappling on the floor. grapple with to try hard to understand a difficult idea or to solve a difficult problem. The government continued to grapple with the issue of public transportation. a. If you grapple with a problem or difficulty, you try hard to solve it. The economy is just one of several critical problems the country is grappling with. II. If you grapple with someone, you take hold of them and struggle with them, as part of a fight. You can also say that two people grapple. He was grappling with an alligator in a lagoon. They grappled desperately for control of the weapon. ) of their deaths. Police said one vehicle veered onto the wrong side of the road and hit an oncoming car at 5:10pm on Saturday. The news hit the Sandford Cricket Club particularly hard, as players came to terms with the death of their teammate, Andrew Everett. Mr Everett, an all-rounder in cricket, has been described as a "legend" who had a significant impact on his teammates despite having only been at the club for a short time. Training has been put on hold 暂停 and a match to be played on October 9 will be dedicated to Mr Everett, with all three teams at the Sandford Cricket Club to wear black arm bands in his honour. For Mr Poole, a musical tribute has been shared, with his friend playing a cover of a song by popular music group Red Hot Chilli Peppers — a standing request ( standing order an instruction or prescribed procedure in force permanently or until changed or canceled especially. any of the rules for the guidance and government of parliamentary procedure which endure through successive sessions until vacated or repealed. She placed a standing order for fresh flowers every week. They were on standing orders never to leave the prisoner unattended. Trump had a standing order to declassify anything that went into his personal residence! standing noun. I. Someone's standing 位置, 地位 is their reputation or status. ...an artist of international standing. He has improved his country's standing abroad. She had the wealth and social standing to command respect. This latest scandal will undoubtedly have affected his standing with his colleagues. of high/great/considerable etc. standing: We are delighted to be working with a company of such high standing. a research center of international standing. used about people's social status People's jobs are an important measure of social standing. The owner of this house would have been a man of standing in Roman society. II. A party's or person's standing is their popularity. someone’s success or status as measured in numbers, for example in an opinion poll The president’s current high standing in the polls is not likely to last. The opinion poll shows the party's standing has never been so low. The Prime Minister's standing was much higher in the U.S. than at home. III. In a contest or competition, the list of competitors which shows their places during the event is called the standings. Britain is 11th in the team standings 排行, 排名. adj. I. You use standing to describe something which is permanently in existence. always existing. standing invitation: We have a standing invitation to stay with Jen and Mike whenever we want. Israel has a relatively small standing army and its strength is based on its reserves. Elizabeth had a standing invitation to stay with her. ...the finance standing committee. II. standing water is very still and does not flow. III. done from a position in which you are standing on both feet. a standing jump. The 5,000 meters begins from a standing start. standing army 常备军 a professional army that a country has all the time, not just in a war. standing joke something that happens regularly that a particular group of people find funny. They always spell his name wrong. It's a standing joke. of many years' standing You can use the expression of many years' standing to say that something has had a particular function or someone has had a particular role for many years. For example, if a place is your home of ten years' standing, it has been your home for ten years. ...a Congressman of 24 years' standing. My girlfriend of long standing left me. of many/five/ten etc. years' standing used for saying how long something has been happening It was a tradition of many years' standing. of long standing: a friend of long standing. free-standing adj A free-standing piece of furniture or other object is not fixed to anything, or stands on its own away from other things. ...a free-standing cooker. long-standing 长期存在的, 存在很长时间的 A long-standing situation has existed for a long time. They are on the brink of resolving their long-standing dispute over money. ...long-standing economic links between Europe and much of Africa. ). "I know you always wanted me to play you a Red Hot Chilli Peppers song but I never got around to it," friend Brodie Barwick said. "…Rest easy brother." Thirty-nine people have died on Tasmania's roads since the start of 2022, already surpassing last year's total figure of 35. Police are still seeking information about the crash and are asking anyone who may have seen the blue Toyota Corolla the trio were travelling in prior to the accident to reach out. 2. hard launch [lɔntʃ] the general or official launch, esp of a website, after which all features, products, and services are understood to be available. the act of making a new product or service fully available to the public and the media The job board saw its hard launch on 5th July and has already seen significant interest from both recruiters and graduates. verb. to make a new product or service fully available to the public and the media Premium car manufacturer Mercedes-Benz hard launched its luxury M-Class SUV, along with a powerful open-top vehicle, SLS AMG Roadster. TikTok influencer Addison Rae's mother has hard-launched her relationship with much a younger musician, Yung Gravy, by attending the VMA award ceremony arm-in-arm. soft launch [lɔntʃ] (新产品)分阶段发布, 逐步发布 the launch of a website in stages, with regular updating. the act of making a new product or service partly available to the public, to test it or to see how people react Our soft launch has received rave reviews from top developers from Latin America to Dubai. verb. to implement the soft launch of (a website). to make a new product or service partly available to the public, to test it or to see how people react. The network will soft launch the site March 15. We soft launched because we knew the first task we faced was to build support from early adopting lovers of local food. 3. countenance [ˈkaʊntənəns] 面部表情, 脸 your face, or the expression on your face. Someone's countenance is their face. He met each inquiry with an impassive countenance 面无表情. verb. 批准, 同意. to approve of something, or to allow something to happen. If someone will not countenance something, they do not agree with it and will not allow it to happen. Jake would not countenance Janis's marrying while still a student. ...the military men who refused to countenance the overthrow of the president. vocabulary: The noun countenance means the face or its expression. If you're a great poker player, you probably have a calm countenance. Countenance comes from a French word for "behavior," but it has become a fancy term for either the expression of a face or the face itself: "He had a puzzled countenance," or "what a charming countenance!" Countenance can also be a verb meaning to tolerate or approve. If someone does something offensive, tell them, "I'm afraid I can't countenance that." impassive [ɪmˈpæsɪv] 没反应的, 面无表情的 adj. If someone is impassive or their face is impassive, they are not showing any emotion. not showing any emotion Anton's face was impassive. He searched Hill's impassive face for some indication that he understood. The lawyer looked impassively at him and said nothing. vocabulary: Someone who doesn't seem to react — who is always "taking a pass" in the conversation of life can be described as impassive. Impassive is tricky, as it sounds it should be the opposite of passive. It's not, though. The fact is you can be passive and impassive at the same time. When a passive person gets passed over for a promotion at work, their face might remain impassive upon hearing the news. impassioned [ɪmˈpæʃ(ə)nd] = impassionate 满含感情的, 诚挚的 expressing a lot of emotion. An impassioned speech or piece of writing is one in which someone expresses their strong feelings about an issue in a forceful way. He made an impassioned appeal for peace. an impassioned plea for help. dispassionate [dɪsˈpæʃ(ə)nət] 理智的, 不掺杂个人感情的, 不为个人感情影响的 able to make fair judgments or decisions that are not influenced by personal feelings. Someone who is dispassionate is calm and reasonable, and not affected by emotions. We, as prosecutors, try to be dispassionate about the cases we bring. He spoke in the flat, dispassionate tone of a lecturer. He sets out the facts coolly and dispassionately. 4. Sanditon: charge responsibility for controlling or caring for something. If you take charge of someone or something, you make yourself responsible for them and take control over them. If someone or something is in your charge, you are responsible for them. A few years ago Bacryl took charge of the company. I have been given charge of this class. They would never forget their time in his charge. Her ex-husband has charge of the children during the week and she has them at the weekend. His boss asked him to take charge of the office for a few days while she was away. Miss Beaufort: One of Mrs. Griffiths' charges, who plays the harp. Interested in fashion, and looking for a rich husband. Sanditon (1817) is an unfinished novel by the English writer Jane Austen. Because Austen completed setting the scene for Sanditon, it has been a favourite of "continuators 续写, 续作 ( a person or thing that continues something or maintains continuity. "the popes succeeded as the continuators of Byzantine rule". a person who writes a continuation of another's work. "the narratives of Thucydides or his continuator Xenophon" )" – later writers who try to complete the novel within Austen's vision while emulating her style. 6. provision [prəˈvɪʒ(ə)n] noun. I. uncountable the act of providing something that someone needs. The provision of something is the act of giving it or making it available to people who need or want it. The department is responsible for the provision of residential care services. ...nursery provision for children with special needs. provision of: The Red Cross is in charge of the provision 补给 of emergency relief. II. the fact that something is provided or available. provision for: There is provision for storage in the basement. III. countable/uncountable plans or preparation for future needs. provision for: There is no provision for expanding classroom space. make provisions for something 准备, 安排: If you make provision for something that might happen or that might need to be done, you make arrangements to deal with it. Mr King asked if it had ever occurred to her to make provision for her own pension. There is no provision for funding performance-related pay rises. We've made provisions for our grandchild's education. If you make provision for someone, you support them financially and make sure that they have the things that they need. Special provision should be made for children. There are very generous provisions for the mother. IV. countable a part of an agreement or law that deals with a particular problem. A provision in a law or an agreement is an arrangement which is included in it. There was a provision in his contract that would return him two-thirds of his deposit. The bill's provision for the sale and purchase of land faces stiff opposition. provision for 条款 ( caluse [klɔz]): This contract includes a provision for salary increases over time. V. provisions 供给, 补给 plural food and other necessary supplies, especially for a trip. Provisions are supplies of food. On board were enough provisions for two weeks. It (American ship) was taking part in Operation Island Chief monitoring fishing activities in the Pacific, which ended on Friday, when it sought to make a scheduled stop at Guadalcanal, Solomon Islands, to refuel and re-provision, the Coast Guard office in Honolulu said earlier this week. 7. Eugenics [juːˈdʒɛnɪks] 优生优育学 is a set of beliefs and practices that aim to improve the genetic quality of a human population. Historically, eugenicists have attempted to alter human gene pools by excluding people and groups judged to be inferior or promoting those judged to be superior. In recent years, the term has seen a revival in bioethical discussions on the usage of new technologies such as CRISPR and genetic screening, with a heated debate on whether these technologies should be called eugenics or not. 托管法: Sarah — not her real name — blames her dire situation on Queensland's Public Trustee, the government agency that manages her finances. It took over her finances in 2020 after a state tribunal declared she lacked capacity 没有能力 because of her mental health – a finding she disputes. Australia's guardianship and trustee system is similar to the conservatorship Britney Spears was under in the US. Sarah said she is too scared to call and ask for more money because she has been intimidated by the Public Trustee office in the past. We cannot show Sarah's face or use her real name because it is a criminal offence in Queensland to identify those under the guardian and trustee, punishable by six months in jail and/or fines of $50,000. Similar gag laws apply in most of the country, where more than 50,000 people with cognitive disabilities are under the control of guardians and trustees. That law needs to change, according to John Chesterman, Queensland's Public Advocate, who released a report last week recommending that section 114A of the Guardianship and Administration Act be repealed 作废, 废除, 废止 ( repeal = abolish, reverse, revoke, annul to state officially that a law no longer has legal authority and has ended. If the government repeals a law, it officially ends it, so that it is no longer valid. The government has just repealed the law segregating public facilities. That year was the 60th anniversary of the repeal of Prohibition. The 1938 Act was repealed and replaced by the Inheritance Act 1975. ). "The analogy is with victims of sexual assault not being able to tell their stories, and that's changed. For a similar reason, I think this one should change too," he said. "Enabling people to talk about their own guardianship experiences outweighs the protective benefit of retaining the restriction. That's why I've recommended its repeal." He said allowing people to speak out will have the added benefit of ensuring more transparency and accountability in the guardian and trustee system. He said such a change could lead to other states and territories following suit. If the gag laws are lifted, it would mean family members, who currently cannot be identified either, would be free to speak to journalists. 8. legion [liːdʒən] noun. I. A legion is a large group of soldiers who form one section of an army. a large group of soldiers who are part of an army, especially a Roman army in ancient times He joined the French Foreign Legion. The last of the Roman legions left Britain in AD 410. II. A legion of people or things is a great number of them. a large group or number of people The band has legions of fans. His delightful sense of humour won him a legion of friends. ...a legion of stories about noisy neighbours. adj. If you say that things of a particular kind are legion, you mean that there are a great number of them. very large in number Examples of this are legion. Ellie's problems are legion 多不胜数, 非常多. The number of women who become pregnant after adopting children is legion. the Foreign Legion 海外兵团 a part of the French army that consists mainly of soldiers from outside France. It has a reputation for working in difficult conditions such as the desert and for attracting men who no longer want to be part of normal society. 9. come up I. if something such as a job comes up, it becomes available She's hoping a vacancy will come up 出现 at the local college. II. if a problem comes up, it happens and needs to be dealt with immediately I'm going to have to cancel our lunch – something's come up 出事了, 有事了, 麻烦来了, 有麻烦了, 有问题了, 出问题了 (He had to go back to work. A problem has cropped up. ). III. to be mentioned and need to be considered A number of interesting points came up at today's meeting. IV. always progressive to be about to happen soon We've got a busy period coming up 马上到来 in a couple of weeks. V. if information about something comes up on something such as a computer screen, it appears there Our flight hasn't come up yet 出现, 显出来. VI. if food that you have eaten comes up 翻上来, your stomach forces it out through your mouth. VII. to be tall, deep, or long enough to reach a particular higher point or level. come up to/as far as: The grass in the garden came up to 长到 her knees. VIII. if your ticket or name comes up in a lottery or similar game, it is chosen as a winner. IX. if a plant comes up 露头, 露出头, it starts to appear above the ground. X. to be judged in a court of law His case comes up next week. come up in the world 事业成功, 社会地位攀升 to become richer, more powerful, or more successful than before. rise in status or wealth. to have more money than you had before and now have a higher social status A well brought-up young man: he was said to have been an ordinary worker who had come up in the world. "he's come up in the world since he went to work for them". coming (right) up 马上来, 马上到, 马上拿来 used for saying that you will bring what someone has asked for very soon. used by someone (such as a waiter) to say that something will be served or delivered very quickly. I will bring you what you have asked for. Typically used by waiters and waitresses. One order of cheese fries, coming up! A: "I'll just have a salad and an iced tea." B: "All right, coming right up 马上就好." "I'd like a turkey sandwich and a glass of lemonade, please." "Coming right up!" come up/turn up trumps 打出王牌, 打出王炸 to do what is necessary to succeed, especially when success did not seem likely At the last minute, Jean came up trumps and sorted everything out. come up with the goods = deliver the goods 不是光说不练, 兑现承诺 to do what you have said you will do or what people expect People quickly lose faith in a political party that fails to deliver the goods. come up/out smelling of/like roses to come out of a difficult situation with your reputation better than it was before, especially when you do not deserve to. emerge from a difficult situation with one's reputation intact. to have people believe that you are good and honest after a difficult situation that could have made you seem bad or dishonest. to be in a better or stronger situation than before, after experiencing a difficult situation Ellis, who was sacked on Monday, has come up smelling of roses. He has been taken on by a rival company and his financial package is even healthier. When the results of the fraud investigation were announced last week, the staff came up smelling of roses. "you came out of a tight spot smelling of roses". run into/come up against/hit etc a (brick) wall 陷入僵局 to reach a point in a process where there are problems that seem impossible to solve We seem to have come up against a brick wall with this project. come up to I. to get nearer to a particular time or stage in a process As we come up to the end of the first half, the score remains France 3, Italy 3. II. to be as good as you want, need, or expect something to be It's hard for others to come up to the very high standards 达到高标准 she sets for herself. come up for something to reach the time when something should happen The contract comes up for review next month. come up with something I. to think of something such as an idea or a plan Is that the best you can come up with? II. to produce or provide something that people want We're in big trouble if we don't come up with the money 找不到钱, 凑不到钱 by 6 o'clock. 10. 加拿大政坛暴力化: Online threats, racist or misogynistic ( [mɪ'sɒdʒɪnɪstɪk] misogynist [mɪˈsɑdʒənɪst] ) insults, public harassment and outright physical intimidation are just some of the behaviours that officials warn are changing the face of Canadian politics. The issue was highlighted last weekend, when a man was filmed launching an expletive-laden [ˈeksplətɪv] 脏话连篇的 verbal assault at Deputy Prime Minister Chrystia Freeland. The man is seen calling her a "traitor" and using various profanities as he tells her to leave the western province. Police have since confirmed they are looking into the incident. It comes after other public incidents, including Prime Minister Justin Trudeau being pelted by gravel by anti-vaccine mandate protesters during the last federal election and NDP leader Jagmeet Singh being verbally harassed outside an event earlier this year. Ms McKenna said that the footage of Ms Freeland being accosted (approach) in Alberta was "all too familiar" for her after dealing with years of online threats and verbal abuse, which she said often took a distinctly misogynistic tone. "There's a sort of copying of behaviour," he told the BBC. "There's an aggressive, in-your-face ( in one's face I. 当面的. 指着鼻子的. directly at or against one; as one approaches. "she slammed the door in my face". characterized by or expressive of bold and often defiant aggressiveness in-your-face basketball. shocking and annoying in a way that is difficult to ignore. used to describe something done in a forceful way that intends to shock people. Someone who has an in-your-face attitude seems determined to behave in a way that is unusual or shocking, and does not care what people think of them. It's in-your-face feminism, and it's meant to shock. in-your-face television advertising. dance music that is aggressive, sexy, and in your face. II. aggressively intrusive in-your-face advertising. vocabulary: When something is in-your-face, it can't be ignored, because it's so obvious or blatant. An in-your-face political campaign doesn't try to hide the fact that it's aggressive and sometimes hostile to the opposition. A teenager looking for an in-your-face way to rebel against her conservative parents might come home one day with blue hair, a pierced nose, and a tattoo. A journalist with an in-your-face style asks blunt — or even rude — questions and refuses to accept imprecise answers. And an in-your-face marketing campaign could include obvious product placement in a popular movie, huge billboards, and loud TV commercials. ) kind of political activism that's taken hold." This behaviour, Mr Weldon added, is most often a ploy for attention. In the recent Alberta case involving Ms Freeland, Mr Weldon said that the culprits are likely "very happy" with the response and widespread coverage of the incident. According to Mr Weldon, public support for "in-your-face activism" in Canada remains "compartmentalised" to a particularly loud, but vocal minority, and is still considered fringe. This harassment, Canadian observers note, often falls disproportionately on women, members of Canada's LGBT community and ethnic minorities. "It was a media shocker. That's all planned," he said. 11. incisive [ɪnˈsaɪsɪv] 有条有理的, 条理清楚的 I. expressed in a clear and direct manner. You use incisive to describe a person, their thoughts, or their speech when you approve of their ability to think and express their ideas clearly, briefly, and forcefully. ...a shrewd operator with an incisive mind. She's incredibly incisive, incredibly intelligent. incisive comments. II. showing the ability to think clearly and quickly. "We're hugely grateful to Roger for being a brilliant presenter of Feedback for nearly a quarter of a century. He's been a champion of our listeners, asked incisive questions of programme makers and helped the audience understand more about BBC radio." fungible [ˈfʌn(d)ʒɪb(ə)l] 可等价交换的, 可交换的 ( tangible 有形的, intangible 无形的) adj. (of goods contracted for without an individual specimen being specified) replaceable by another identical item; mutually interchangeable. "it is by no means the world's only fungible commodity". easy to exchange or trade for something else of the same type and value: fungible goods/commodities. fungible assets/bonds. wiki: In economics, fungibility is the property of a good or a commodity whose individual units are essentially interchangeable and each of whose parts is indistinguishable from another part. Fungible tokens are the ones that can be exchanged or replaced; for example, a $100 note can easily be exchanged for twenty $5 bills. In contrast, non-fungible tokens cannot be exchanged in the same manner. For example, gold is fungible since a specified amount of pure gold is equivalent to that same amount of pure gold, whether in the form of coins, ingots, or in other states, whereas a unique item such as gold fashioned into a statue by a famous artist would not be considered fungible. Other fungible commodities include sweet crude oil, company shares, bonds, other precious metals, and currencies. Fungibility refers only to the equivalence and indistinguishability of each unit of a commodity with other units of the same commodity, and not to the exchange of one commodity for another. 12. A mushroom or toadstool 特指毒蘑菇, 毒菌 is the fleshy, spore-bearing fruiting body of a fungus, typically produced above ground, on soil, or on its food source. Toadstool generally denotes one poisonous to humans. Some mushrooms are called toadstools. This nickname probably came from the fact that they looked just like a perfect spot for a toad to sit! Some people believe that the term “toadstool" means a mushroom that is poisonous. This belief may have come from the fact that many toads were considered highly poisonous. However, there are actually many misconceptions out there about toadstools. For example, not all toadstools are toxic. Moreover, many mushrooms are deadly. While some mushrooms are tasty treats, several types of mushrooms are poisonous and can be deadly to human beings. As a general rule, never eat wild mushrooms. Stick to what you find in grocery stores. Others believe toadstools are all mushrooms that have the typical stem and cap. One mushroom often considered a toadstool is Amanita muscaria, a red-capped, stemmed mushroom often seen in fairy tales. To get to the bottom of the confusion, here are some simple facts to remember about mushrooms and toadstools: Mushrooms and toadstools are the same. There's no scientific difference between them. Mushrooms and toadstools cannot be defined by or distinguished from one another by shape, color, or appearance. Not all toadstools are poisonous and not all mushrooms are safe to eat.
internal medicine VS surgery, physician VS surgeon: Internal medicine or general internal medicine 内科 (in Commonwealth nations) is the medical specialty dealing with the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of internal diseases. Doctors specializing in internal medicine are called internists, or physicians 内科医生 ( Internal medicine specialists, also known as general internal medicine specialists or general medicine physicians ) (without a modifier) in Commonwealth nations. Internists are skilled in the management of patients who have undifferentiated or multi-system disease processes. Internists care for hospitalized and ambulatory patients and may play a major role in teaching and research. Internal medicine and family medicine(General internal medicine specialists do not provide necessarily less expertise than single-organ specialists, rather, they are trained for a specific role of caring for patients with multiple simultaneous problems or complex comorbidities. Perhaps because it is complex to explain treatment of diseases that are not localised to a single-organ, there has been confusion about the meaning of internal medicine and the role of an "internist". Internists are qualified physicians with postgraduate training in internal medicine and should not be confused with "interns", who are doctors in their first year of residency training (officially the term intern is no longer in use). Although internists may act as primary care physicians, they are not "family physicians", "family practitioners", or "general practitioners", or "GPs", whose training is not solely concentrated on adults and may include surgery, obstetrics, and pediatrics. The American College of Physicians defines internists as "physicians who specialize in the prevention, detection and treatment of illnesses in adults". Residency or postgraduate training (住院医师, 级别比"主任医师"低) ( A chief physician 主任医师, also called a head physician, physician in chief, senior consultant, or chief of medicine, is a physician in a senior management position at a hospital or other institution. In many institutions, it is the title of the most senior physician, but it may also be used as the title of the most senior physician of a particular department within a larger institution. A chief physician generally is in charge of medical matters and often is the superior of other physicians (including consultants and attending physicians), but may also be in charge of other professional groups and areas of responsibility. ) is specifically a stage of graduate medical education. It refers to a qualified physician (one who holds the degree of MD, DO, MBBS, MBChB), dentist (DDS or DMD) or podiatrist (DPM) who practices medicine, dentistry, or podiatry, respectively, usually in a hospital or clinic, under the direct or indirect supervision of a senior medical clinician registered in that specialty such as an attending physician or consultant. In many jurisdictions, successful completion of such training is a requirement in order to obtain an unrestricted license to practice medicine, and in particular a license to practice a chosen specialty. In the meantime they practice "on" the license of their supervising physician. An individual engaged in such training may be referred to as a resident, registrar or trainee depending on the jurisdiction. Residency training may be followed by fellowship or sub-specialty training. ) are often confused as equivalent in the Commonwealth nations. Because internal medicine patients are often seriously ill or require complex investigations, internists do much of their work in hospitals. Internists often have subspecialty interests in diseases affecting particular organs or organ systems. Internal medicine is also a specialty within clinical pharmacy and veterinary medicine. Surgery 外科 is a medical specialty that uses operative manual and instrumental techniques on a person to investigate or treat a pathological condition such as a disease or injury, to help improve bodily function, appearance, or to repair unwanted ruptured areas. The act of performing surgery may be called a surgical procedure, operation, or simply "surgery". In this context, the verb "operate" means to perform surgery. The adjective surgical means pertaining to surgery; e.g. surgical instruments or surgical nurse. The person or subject on which the surgery is performed can be a person or an animal. A surgeon is a person who practices surgery and a surgeon's assistant is a person who practices surgical assistance. A surgical team is made up of the surgeon, the surgeon's assistant, an anaesthetist, a circulating nurse and a surgical technologist. Surgery usually spans from minutes to hours, but it is typically not an ongoing or periodic type of treatment. The term "surgery" can also refer to the place where surgery is performed, or, in British English, simply the office of a physician ( a doctor. 在美国和加拿大指所有医生包括外科医生. 在其他国家physician 指内科医生. surgeon 指外科医生. wiki: A physician (American English), medical practitioner (Commonwealth English), medical doctor, or simply doctor, is a health professional who practices medicine, which is concerned with promoting, maintaining or restoring health through the study, diagnosis, prognosis and treatment of disease, injury, and other physical and mental impairments. Physicians may focus their practice on certain disease categories, types of patients, and methods of treatment—known as specialities—or they may assume responsibility for the provision of continuing and comprehensive medical care to individuals, families, and communities—known as general practice. Medical practice properly requires both a detailed knowledge of the academic disciplines, such as anatomy and physiology, underlying diseases and their treatment—the science of medicine—and also a decent competence in its applied practice—the art or craft of medicine. Physician and surgeon: Around the world, the combined term "physician and surgeon" is used to describe either a general practitioner or any medical practitioner irrespective of specialty. This usage still shows the original meaning of physician and preserves the old difference between a physician, as a practitioner of physic, and a surgeon. The term may be used by state medical boards in the United States, and by equivalent bodies in Canadian provinces, to describe any medical practitioner. Physician, heal thyself do not condemn someone for a problem you have yourself A: You're a terrible driver B: You had an accident last week! Physician, heal thyself. A biblical proverb meaning that people should take care of their own defects and not just correct the faults of others. According to the Gospels of Luke and Matthew, Jesus said he expected to hear this proverb from the people of his hometown of Nazareth, because they would want him to work miracles there, as he had in other towns nearby. But he "did not do many mighty works there, because of their unbelief." "Heal thyself’ means that we are to live in a way that keeps us well, and if we do not, and as a consequence we become ill, to deal with the underlying cause of why, that we may heal the root cause of our illness and disease, as well as treating the surface symptoms. It means being willing to attend to one's own ills, before attending to those of others, thus serving as a living inspiration of how life can be lived. Inherent in it is the understanding that we cannot truly care for others if we don’t, first and foremost, care for ourselves. ), dentist, or veterinarian.
officious VS Business speak VS hard-headed VS frigid VS prim and proper VS clinical: officious [əˈfɪʃəs] 公事公办的, 一丝不苟的(贬义词), 工作太认真的, 工作太当回事的 [disapproval] showing an annoying tendency to take your position or status too seriously. If you describe someone as officious, you are critical of them because they are eager to tell people what to do when you think they should not. They wouldn't welcome any officious interference from the police. When people put on uniforms, their attitude becomes more confident and their manner more officious. Lance Corporal Williams officiously ordered them out. I didn't feel like arguing with that officious man at the airport. Business speak, also management speak (官话, 打官腔, 公事公办的态度) refers to a particular syntax often used in large organizations. The tone is associated with managers of large corporations, business management consultants, and occasionally government. The term is typically derogatory, implying the use of long, complicated, or obscure words, abbreviations, or acronyms. Some of these words may be new inventions, designed purely to fit the specialized meaning of a situation. Frequently management speak is used to "spin" negative(['nɛgətiv] negate [ni'geit], negation [ni'geiʃən]) situations as positive situations. hard-headed I. 不为情感所动的, 不讲人情的, 铁面无私的. 无情的. able to make judgments and decisions in a practical way, without being influenced by emotions. You use hard-headed to describe someone who is practical and determined to get what they want or need, and who does not allow emotions to affect their actions. ...a hard-headed and shrewd businesswoman. They are taking a hard-headed commercial decision. II. unwilling to change your mind or your behavior. frigid I. very cold in temperature. A snowstorm hit the West today, bringing with it frigid temperatures. The water was too frigid to allow him to remain submerged for long. "the air was frigid, and spectators shivered against the cold". II. 冷淡的, 正式的. 公事公办的 [disapproval] extremely formal and unfriendly. If you describe the atmosphere in a place or someone's behaviour as frigid, you mean that it is very formal and unfriendly. He presided at all councils of ministers, where the atmosphere could be frigid on occasions. her frigid tones. III. a frigid woman does not enjoy having sex. If someone, especially a woman, is described as frigid, they find it difficult to become sexually aroused. Frigid is often used to show disapproval. prim and proper (idiomatic) I. prudish, straight-laced. Having very traditional, morally conservative beliefs and behavior. I've never dated someone who is so prim and proper before. I'm not sure how he's going react when he meets my family! She's so prim and proper that I bet she's never even jaywalked before. II. a frigid woman does not enjoy having sex. If a woman is frigid, she finds it difficult to become sexually aroused. Frigid is often used to show disapproval. My husband says I am frigid. ...an inability to experience orgasm (often called frigidity). III. formal extremely cold. Frigid means extremely cold. A snowstorm hit the West today, bringing with it frigid temperatures. The water was too frigid to allow him to remain submerged for long. clinical [ˈklɪnɪk(ə)l] I. 临床的. only before noun involving working with people who are sick, rather than in a laboratory. Clinical means involving or relating to the direct medical treatment or testing of patients. The first clinical trials were expected to begin next year. ...a clinical psychologist. She was diagnosed as being clinically depressed. It has been clinically proved that it is better to stretch the tight muscles first. clinical practice: Undergraduate training is divided between study and clinical practice. a. relating to an illness. clinical signs/symptoms 临床的: They may be unaware that they have any clinical symptoms. II. not showing any excitement or emotion. You use clinical to describe thought or behaviour which is very logical and does not involve any emotion. All this questioning is so analytical [ˌænəˈlɪtɪk(ə)l] and clinical 冷冰冰的, 完全符合规矩的, 不掺杂个人情感的, 照章办事的, 公事公办的 – it kills romance. He told us the story in a cold and clinical manner. III. done in a perfect way or exactly according to the rules, but not in a way that is original or interesting. The Yankees' win was clinical rather than spectacular. by the book 公事公办, 严格, 不留余地, 照章办事 by the numbers following the rules exactly. (Alludes to a (numbered) book of rules. go ~; do something ~; play ~; run something~. The judge of the contest ran things strictly by the rules and disqualified us on a small technicality. Everyone insisted that we go by the numbers and not accept the proposal.
narcotic VS aphrodisiac [ˌæfrəˈdɪziˌæk] VS aphorism [ˈæfəˌrɪz(ə)m] ( Aphrodite [ˌæfrəˈdaɪtɪ] 美, 爱之神 Greek mythology the goddess of love and beauty, daughter of Zeus. The goddess of beauty and love, born when Cronus castrated his father, Uranus, and threw his genitalia into the sea. Her Roman counterpart is Venus.. A female given name. hermaphrodite [ərˈmæfrəˌdaɪt] 雌雄同体的人 a person, animal, or plant that has both male and female sex organs. A hermaphrodite is a person, animal, or flower that has both male and female reproductive organs. ): 1. narcotic [nɑrˈkɑtɪk] noun. I. medical a drug that people use when they are very sick in order to feel less pain and sleep better. Narcotics are drugs such as opium or heroin which make you sleepy and stop you feeling pain. You can also use narcotics, especially in American English, to mean any kind of illegal drug. He was indicted for dealing in narcotics. He appears to be high on some sort of narcotic. II. often plural any illegal drug, especially one that is addictive (=that someone depends on). Both parents were addicted to narcotics. III. narcotics only before noun relating to illegal drugs. narcotics abuse (=taking illegal drugs). narcotics trafficking (=selling narcotics). adj. I. medical able to make you feel less pain and help you sleep. a narcotic drug/effect 止疼的, 止痛的. If something, especially a drug, has a narcotic effect, it makes the person who uses it feel sleepy. ...hormones that have a narcotic effect 催眠的 on the immune system. II. relating to a narcotic, especially when used illegally. narcotic drugs. drink yourself silly/into a stupor /to death/into oblivion etc 喝到失忆, 喝到不省人事 to drink so much alcohol that you become very drunk or unconscious, or die. If you drink yourself into a stupor or drink yourself into oblivion, you drink so much alcohol that you lose consciousness or fall deeply asleep. If you drink yourself into a stupor or drink yourself into oblivion, you drink so much alcohol that you lose consciousness or fall deeply asleep. We drank ourselves into a stupor on cheap wine. We drank ourselves into a stupor on cheap wine. If he goes on this way he'll drink himself to death. stupor [ˈstupər] 不省人事, 无意识的状态 the condition of being unable to think or act normally because you are not completely conscious. Someone who is in a stupor is almost unconscious and is unable to act or think normally, especially as a result of drink or drugs. He fell back onto the sofa in a drunken stupor. He was drinking himself into a stupor every night. in a drunken stupor. drink (oneself) to sleep To drink alcohol until one loses consciousness or is unable to stay awake any longer. You have to drink yourself to sleep each night? You might have a drinking problem, Jerry. Dad drank himself to sleep in his armchair again. wiki: The term narcotic ([nɑːrˈkɒtɪk]) originally referred medically to any psychoactive compound with numbing or paralyzing properties. In the United States, it has since become associated with opiates and opioids, commonly morphine and heroin, as well as derivatives of many of the compounds found within raw opium latex. The primary three are morphine, codeine, and thebaine (while thebaine itself is only very mildly psychoactive, it is a crucial precursor in the vast majority of semi-synthetic opioids, such as oxycodone or hydrocodone). Legally speaking, the term "narcotic" may be imprecisely defined and typically has negative connotations. When used in a legal context in the U.S., a narcotic drug is totally prohibited, such as heroin, or one that is used in violation of legal regulation (in this word sense, equal to any controlled substance). In the medical community, the term is more precisely defined and generally does not carry the same negative connotations. 2. Aphrodite [ˌæfrəˈdaɪtɪ ] 美, 爱之神 Greek mythology the goddess of love and beauty, daughter of Zeus. The goddess of beauty and love, born when Cronus castrated his father, Uranus, and threw his genitalia into the sea. Her Roman counterpart is Venus.. A female given name. hermaphrodite [hərˈmæfrəˌdaɪt] 雌雄同体的人 a person, animal, or plant that has both male and female sex organs. A hermaphrodite is a person, animal, or flower that has both male and female reproductive organs. Usage notes: I. Like many terms that start with a non-silent h but have emphasis on their second syllable, some people precede hermaphrodite with an, others with a. II. Intersex 两性人 is now the preferred term for human description. III. Compare androgyne and genderqueer. intersex: I. Any of a variety of conditions (in a dioecious species) whereby an individual has male and female sex characteristics; the state of having the physical features of both sexes; intersexuality. II. (biology, zoology) An individual with any of these conditions. Usage notes: Recently, the adjective intersex and noun phrase intersex person have been preferred to hermaphroditic and hermaphrodite as being more appropriate when the referent is human. The noun intersex has also become more common than intersexuality. androgyne [ˈæn,drə,dʒaɪn] A person who is androgynous. someone who is androgynous ( [ænˈdrɒdʒɪnəs] 雌雄同株的, 看上去是雌雄同体的. someone who is androgynous looks both female and male Bowie had a kind of androgynous sex appeal.) (= neither clearly male or clearly female). having male and female flowers in the same inflorescence, as cuckoo pint. Having male and female characteristics; He was an androgyne often mistaken for a girl by strangers. Billy looked up at the face that went with the clogs. It was the face of a blond angel, of a fifteen-year-old boy. The boy was as beautiful as Eve. Billy was helped to his feet by the lovely boy, by the heavenly androgyne. gender-blender Someone who blends both masculine and feminine together in the way they physically present. Put your gender in the blender! Boy George and Annie Lennox are gender blenders, we are legion. gender-blind 不分性别的, 雌雄都有的 Adjective. Used to define someone who is attracted to people based on personality, likes, dislikes, and other things not related to gender. similar to pansexual. Maria is gender-blind, First Maria dated Cathy because she made her laugh. but she ended up with Mark because they had more in common. broad boy male homosexual. genderqueer (LGBT) Not exclusively male or female; being or having a gender identity which is outside of the gender binary. aphrodisiac [ˌæfrəˈdɪziˌæk] 催情的东西(食物, 药, 饮料) noun. a food, drink, or drug that makes people want to have sex. An aphrodisiac is a food, drink, or drug which is said to make people want to have sex. Asparagus is reputed to be an aphrodisiac. ...plants with narcotic or aphrodisiac qualities. Traditionally, oysters are considered to be an aphrodisiac, partially because they resemble female sex organs. A team of American and Italian researchers analyzed bivalves and found they were rich in amino acids that trigger increased levels of sex hormones. Their high zinc content 高含锌 aids the production of testosterone. aphrodisiacal [ˌæfrəˈdɪzɪækəl] 催情的 adj having an aphrodisiac quality. vocabulary: An aphrodisiac is a drug (or something else) that puts people in the mood for sex. Anything described as aphrodisiac gets folks ready for sex. In some cases, that could be a drug. Other people find candles, music, or even dimming the lights to be aphrodisiacs. Food is considered a major aphrodisiac by many people, and there are several foods like oysters and chocolate that are thought to have an aphrodisiac effect. When you see aphrodisiac, think sexual. Wiki: An aphrodisiac is a substance that increases sexual desire, sexual attraction, sexual pleasure, or sexual behavior. Substances range from a variety of plants, spices, foods, and synthetic chemicals. Therefore, they can be classified by their chemical properties (i.e., substances that are natural and unnatural). Natural aphrodisiacs like cannabis or cocaine are further classified into plant-based and non-plant-based substances. Unnatural aphrodisiacs like ecstasy or methamphetamine are classified as those that are manufactured to imitate a natural substance. Aphrodisiacs can also be classified by their type of effects (i.e., psychological or physiological). Aphrodisiacs that contain hallucinogenic properties like Bufotenin have psychological effects on a person that can increase sexual desire and sexual pleasure. Aphrodisiacs that contain smooth muscle relaxing properties like yohimbine have physiological effects on a person that can affect hormone levels and increase blood flow. 3. aphoristic [ˌæfəˈrɪstɪk] like an aphorism or relating to aphorisms. The language is aphoristic and concise. aphorism [ˈæfəˌrɪz(ə)m] 警句, 格言 a short statement that says something wise and true. An aphorism is a short witty sentence which expresses a general truth or comment. 'What if they gave a war and nobody came?' was one of his generation's favored aphorisms. wiki: An aphorism is a concise [kənˈsaɪs], terse, laconic, or memorable expression of a general truth or principle. They are often handed down by tradition from generation to generation. The concept is generally distinct from those of an adage 俗话说, 俗语 ( [ˈædɪdʒ] a well-known phrase that says something about life and human experience. An adage is something which people often say and which expresses a general truth about some aspect of life. ...the old adage, 'Every baby brings its own love.' ) , brocard, chiasmus, epigram, maxim (legal or philosophical), principle, proverb ( A proverb 谚语 [ˈprɑˌvɜrb] is a simple and insightful, traditional saying that expresses a perceived truth based on common sense or experience. Proverbs are often metaphorical and use formulaic language. A proverbial phrase or a proverbial expression is type of a conventional saying similar to proverbs and transmitted by oral tradition. The difference is that a proverb is a fixed expression, while a proverbial phrase permits alterations to fit the grammar of the context. Collectively, they form a genre of folklore. ), and saying; although some of these concepts may be construed as types of aphorism.
TBBT: 1. Amy: What's wrong? Sheldon: I'm not sure. Earlier tonight, things began organically 自然而然的, and now it's feeling forced, like all the Pirates of the Caribbean sequels. Amy: Okay, that makes sense. I mean, the mood's a little different now. We, we don't have to rush. Sheldon: Oh, I know, but just, Leonard and Penny think we're doing it, and I don't want to disappoint them. Amy: And the mood continues to change. Sheldon: No, and also, I don't want to disappoint you. I, you know, come on, it's your birthday. I can soldier through this. Amy: Hold on. I think I might have a little surprise that might help get things back on track. Sheldon: Intriguing. Is back on track a hint that it has something to do with trains? Amy: No. Sheldon: Because if it did have to do with trains, and you were gonna give… Amy: It's not about trains. Sheldon: Not even a cozy sleeper car on the Orient Express? Amy: Stop talking about trains. Sheldon: Who's killing the mood now? 2. Sheldon: I admire you, Leonard. Leonard: Really, why? Sheldon: You're happy with who you are. You don't get jealous of other people. Instead of being weighed down by ambition, you just float along like a dead body in a river. Leonard: I couldn't just take the compliment. I had to ask why. You know, I do understand what you're feeling. My brother and sister's accomplishments have always been held over my head ( hold over someone's head 绕不过的话题, 绕不开的话题, 没完没了的, 唠叨不休 (transitive, idiomatic) To harp on; to remind continuously (especially of a misstep or defeat). To continually remind one of one's past mistakes, wrongdoings, or failures. Greg is such jerk—I just know he'll keep holding it over my head if I don't land a sale soon. You need to forgive and forget and stop holding the things she said in anger over her head. She never meant to hurt you—you know that. I get one parking ticket and he holds it over my head for six months. ). Sheldon: How did you deal with it? Leonard: I wet the bed until college, but I don't think that's a quality fix. Sheldon: I can't believe I was surpassed by a geologist. I mean, rocks. He studies rocks. If rock is so great, how come paper beats it? Leonard, I'm having a primal urge 原始冲动 to throw this rock. Leonard: Do it. Visualize 想象成 it as your anger and, and toss it out of your life. Sheldon: Perhaps I will. This rock encapsulates all my negative emotions. I will cast you far away. Feel free to take out a pigeon while you're at it. Leonard: Let it fly.
