用法学习: 1. haul/drag someone over the coals to speak angrily to someone because they have done something you disapprove of: He was hauled over the coals for coming in late for work. maniacal [məˈnaɪək(ə)l] 疯狂到吓人的 [disapproval] crazy and often frightening. If you describe someone's behaviour as maniacal, you mean that it is extreme, violent, or very determined, as if the person were insane. He was almost maniacal in his pursuit of sporting records. She is hunched forward over the wheel with a maniacal expression. He was last seen striding maniacally to the hotel reception. ...maniacally abrasive guitar pop. vocabulary: This one's easy. If someone is maniacal then they're behaving like a maniac ( [ˈmeɪniæk] I. informal someone who behaves in a stupid and dangerous way. A maniac is a mad person who is violent and dangerous. The cabin looked as if a maniac had been let loose there. ...a drug-crazed maniac. Slow down! You're driving like a maniac. If you describe someone's behaviour as maniac, you are emphasizing that it is extremely foolish and uncontrolled. A maniac driver sped 35 miles along the wrong side of a motorway at 110 mph. ...a maniac cyclist. II. informal [disapproval] someone who is considered strange because they have an extremely strong enthusiasm for something. If you call someone, for example, a religious maniac or a sports maniac, you are critical of them because they have such a strong interest in religion or sport. My mum is turning into a religious maniac. ...football maniacs. a religious maniac. III. someone who behaves in an extremely excited and confused way because they are mentally ill. a homicidal maniac. ). Add an -ly to make it an adverb, and you get maniacally, as in "she's acting maniacally." The noun maniac is almost always used to describe people who do nutty things—serial killers, insane people on the street, crowds at soccer matches. But the adjective maniacal can be more loosely applied to situations, settings, animals, etc. You can use maniacal to describe almost anything that seems wildly crazy or dangerously out of kilter. I don't even remember what the Beatles played that first time on TV. It's the maniacal screaming from the fans that sticks in my head. No movie villain was ever as maniacal as Jason, in Friday the 13th. 2. bakkushan 背影杀 (dated slang) I. a woman who is attractive from behind, usually in reference to her buttocks. II. (dated slang, in particular) butterface: A woman who is attractive from behind but ugly from the front. A woman who appears attractive, but only when seen from behind. She's got a nice figure but her face looks like shit... She's a bona fide bakkushan! butterface I. (slang, derogatory) A person who has an attractive body but less attractive face. A girl who has an absolutely gorgeous body, but leaves much to be desired in the facial region. It sounds like a compliment, but it really isn't. I can't even look at her, she's such a butterface. II. The face of an unattractive person. I can't even look at her, she's got such a butterface. keep pace = keep up 落后, 赶不上 Go at the same rate as others, not fall behind. to go or make progress at the same speed as (someone or something else) Our production can't keep pace with the orders coming in. The law has not kept pace with technology. The teacher told his mother that Jimmy was not keeping up with the class. Shakespeare had the first term in A Midsummer Night's Dream (3:2): "My legs cannot keep pace with my desires." to change or increase as fast as something else, or to move as fast as someone else. If something keeps pace with something else that is changing, it changes quickly in response to it. Farmers are angry because the rise fails to keep pace with inflation. ...a world changing far too fast for her to keep pace. Salaries have not always kept pace with inflation. The supply of materials cannot keep pace with demand. Slow down! I can't keep pace with you. a. to develop or progress at the same rate as something else. The government is not allowing salaries to keep pace with inflation. b. to move at the same speed as someone or something else. Ron had to run to keep pace with 步步紧跟, 亦步亦趋 Guido. pace [peɪs] noun I. singular/uncountable the speed at which something happens or is done. the pace of something: The pace of technological change increased steadily during the 20th century. the pace of life 步调, 节奏: The pace of life in the village is slow and easy. at your own pace (=as slowly or quickly as you like): The course allows students to progress at their own pace. II. uncountable an exciting quality that something such as a book or movie has, because of the quick and interesting way in which the story develops. Her plays lack the pace and tension of her thrillers. III. countable a step that you take when you walk or run. take a pace: Charlie took a pace backward. I took a few paces toward her. IV. a unit for measuring distance based on the length of a single step when you walk. Twenty paces or so beyond the shed, the road twisted out of sight. V. uncountable the ability to run quickly a player with pace 跑速, 速度 as well as skill. VI. singular the speed at which you move. slow/quicken your pace 放慢速度, 加快速度: He slowed his pace to observe where Jerome went. at a leisurely/brisk pace: We proceeded at a leisurely pace down the corridor. VII. countable a particular way that a horse walks or runs such as a walk, trot, canter, or gallop. gather pace I. to start to happen more quickly and have more success. After 1946, support for the World Health Organization began to gather pace. II. to start to move more quickly. go through your paces to show other people how good you are at a particular activity The team went through its paces in preparation for tomorrow's game. put someone through their/its paces 逼到极限 to make a person or machine show how good they are at doing something. The test drivers put the new models through their paces. set the pace I. to establish a rate or standard that others have to achieve. The deal will set the pace for the company's expansion over the next decade. II. to run at a speed that other runners try to match, especially at the beginning of a race. stand the pace I. to manage to do something at the same rate or to the same standard as others If you can stand the pace, you can make enough money to retire in five years. II. to continue running as fast as the other runners in a race. at a snail's pace 龟速 very slowly Change happens at a snail's pace in this institution. pace [peɪs] verb. I. intransitive/transitive to walk with regular steps around a small area, because you are worried, nervous, or impatient. pace up and down: He paced up and down between the kitchen and the living room. pace around: She was pacing restlessly around the room as she talked. II. transitive to establish a speed for another runner in a race. III. transitive usually passive to make the story in a book, movie, etc. develop in a particular way. His movies were always paced so as to create maximum suspense. pace out = pace off 步量 to measure a distance by counting the number of steps that you need to walk from one end of something to the other I had already paced out the dimensions of my new home. pace yourself to avoid doing something too quickly or doing too much at one time, so that you have enough energy left to complete an activity The exams last for several weeks, so pace yourself when you study. force the pace to make events happen more quickly than they would usually. 3.
fidelity VS 异教徒 VS 清教徒: 1. fidelity [fɪˈdeləti] I. the attitude or behavior of someone who is willing to have sex only with their husband, wife, or partner. Fidelity to a sexual partner is not having a sexual relationship with anyone else. Wanting fidelity implies you're thinking about a major relationship. II. formal loyalty to a person, organization, or principle. Fidelity is loyalty to a person, organization, or set of beliefs. I had to promise fidelity to the Queen. III. formal 准确度. 精确度. 和原文吻合度. the degree to which something is an accurate copy or translation of something else. The fidelity of something such as a report or translation is the degree to which it is accurate. ...the fidelity 忠实于原著 of these early documents. Brokeback Moutain: Proulx has praised the faithfulness 忠实于原著 of the adaptation of her story as a feature film. The team had to organize all the information into eight installments to keep the series as faithful 忠实于原著 as possible to the source material, even as they changed details of the personal lives of the detectives and victims involved. high fidelity 高保真 noun the very clear quality of sound that is produced by electronic equipment when it plays, records, or broadcasts music and sounds. 2. infidel [ˈɪnfɪd(ə)l] 异教徒 noun. a person who has no religion or whose religion is not that of the majority. an old word used as an insult for someone who has no religious beliefs or who has religious beliefs that are different from yours "a crusade against infidels and heretics". [literary, disapproval] If one person refers to another as an infidel, the first person is hostile towards the second person because that person has a different religion or has no religion. ...a holy war, to drive the infidels and the non-believers out of this holy land. He promised to continue the fight against infidel forces. adj. adhering to a religion other than that of the majority. "the infidel foe". wiki: An infidel (literally "unfaithful") is a person accused of disbelief in the central tenets of one's own religion, such as members of another religion, or the irreligious. 3. pagan [ˈpeɪɡən] 异教徒的 adj. Pagan beliefs and activities
do not belong to any of the main religions of the world. They are
older, or are believed to be older, than other religions. believing in a religion that is not one of the main modern religions. The Christian church has adapted many pagan ideas over the centuries.
n. In former times, pagans were people who did not believe in
Christianity and whom many Christians considered to be inferior people.
异教徒. relating to an ancient religion that had many gods and praised
nature. relating to an ancient religion that had many gods and praised nature.
In former times, pagans were people who did not believe in Christianity
and who many Christians considered to be inferior people. The new religion was eager to convert the pagan world. Eggs were associated with spring and fertility by pagans. pagan temples devoted to the Greek and Roman gods. pagan temples devoted to the Greek and Roman gods. The pagans used torchlight parades and bonfires to celebrate important events. 4. heretic [ˈhɛrətɪk] (heresy 异端, 邪说, 异教)
I. 异端分子, 离经叛道的人. someone who does or believes things that oppose the
official principles of a religion. A heretic is someone whose beliefs or
actions are considered wrong by most people, because they disagree with
beliefs that are generally accepted. He was considered a heretic and was ridiculed and ostracized for his ideas.
II. A heretic is a person who belongs to a particular religion, but
whose beliefs or actions seriously disagree with the principles of that
religion. 异教徒; 离经叛道者. heresy [ˈherəsi] (Hearsay evidence is "an out-of-court statement introduced to prove the truth of the matter asserted therein". In certain courts, hearsay evidence is inadmissible (the "Hearsay Evidence Rule") unless an exception to the Hearsay Rule applies.)
an action or belief that opposes the official principles of a religion
and is considered wrong. a. an action or belief that is very different
from things people usually do or believe and is considered wrong. 达尔文进化论: The Church of England's response was mixed. Darwin's old Cambridge tutors Sedgwick and Henslow dismissed the ideas, but liberal clergymen interpreted natural selection as an instrument 辅助手段 of God's design,
with the cleric Charles Kingsley seeing it as "just as noble a
conception of Deity". In 1860, the publication of Essays and Reviews by
seven liberal Anglican theologians diverted clerical attention from Darwin, with its ideas including higher criticism attacked by church authorities as heresy 异端邪说 Even Darwin's close friends Gray, Hooker, Huxley and Lyell still expressed various reservations but gave strong support, as did many others, particularly younger naturalists. Gray and Lyell sought reconciliation with faith, while Huxley portrayed a polarisation between religion and science. He campaigned pugnaciously against the authority of the clergy in education, aiming to overturn the dominance of clergymen and aristocratic amateurs under Owen
in favour of a new generation of professional scientists. Owen's claim
that brain anatomy proved humans to be a separate biological order from
apes was shown to be false by Huxley赫胥黎 in a long running dispute
parodied by Kingsley as the "Great Hippocampus Question", and
discredited Owen. 5. heathen [hið(ə)n] old-fashioned
an insulting word for someone who is not a Christian or a follower of
another major established religion. a. a humorous way of referring to
someone who breaks social rules. Heathen 没宗教信仰的人 (plural heathens, collectively heathenry, adjective heathen)
refers to someone who does not follow one of the major world religions,
and who may or may not specify any other religious affiliation. More
specific meanings include: A pagan, someone who does not follow one of
the Abrahamic religions (Christianity, Islam, and Judaism); the most
common meaning. Someone who does not follow any of the world's major
organized religions; see List of religious populations. An adherent of
Heathenry (new religious movement) (also known as Heathenism or Germanic
neopaganism) in particular; often capitalized in this context. Any
adherent of neopaganism more generally. 6. unorthodox [ʌnˈɔːθəˌdɒks] 离经叛道的. 非正统的; 另类的.
adj. If you describe someone's behaviour, beliefs, or customs as
unorthodox, you mean that they are different from what is generally
accepted. The reality-based show followed the unorthodox lives of Ozzy, his wife Sharon, daughter Kelly, and son, Jack. 7. penance [ˈpenəns]
punishment or suffering that you accept, especially because of your
religious beliefs, to show that you are sorry for something bad that you
have done. In season five, a crucial character will walk through the town naked, as a sign of penance. penance for: He believed the death of his child was penance for his sins. do penance 苦行憎, 修行, 苦修, 清修: If you do penance for something wrong that you have done, you do something that you find unpleasant to show that you are sorry. ...a time of fasting, penance and pilgrimage. The Koran recommends fasting as a penance before pilgrimages. He did penance for the wrongs he had committed. 8. puritan 清教徒 [ˈpjʊrɪt(ə)n] 清教徒式的 I. showing disapproval someone who has strict moral or religious principles, and does not approve of pleasure, for example in sexual activity, entertainment, or eating and drinking. You describe someone as a puritan when they live according to strict moral or religious principles, especially when they disapprove of physical pleasures. Bykov had forgotten that Malinin was something of a puritan. As for the subjects that so enrage puritans, they will continue to form the focus of her work. II. Puritan. a member of a strict English religious group of the 16th and 17th centuries who wanted worship to be more simple. Many Puritans moved to America in the 17th century. III. [disapproval] Puritan attitudes are based on strict moral or religious principles and often involve disapproval of physical pleasures. Paul was someone who certainly had a puritan streak in him. ...puritan self-denial. puritanical [ˌpjʊrɪˈtænɪk(ə)l] 清教徒式的 adjective showing disapproval having strict moral and religious beliefs and not approving of pleasure, for example in sexual activity, entertainment, or eating and drinking. If you describe someone as puritanical, you mean that they have very strict moral principles, and often try to make other people behave in a more moral way. ...puritanical fathers. He has a puritanical attitude towards sex. 8. where (one's) head is at colloquial The way in which one is thinking about something or dealing with something emotionally; one's mental or emotional status or condition. I just wish I knew where her head was at in relation to this whole situation, but she won't open up to me about anything. This all so sudden—I need a bit of time to get a sense of where my head is at before I make a decision. Inf. the state of one's mental well-being. As soon as I figure where my head is at, I'll be okay. He doesn't know where his head is at. Are you kidding? Sorry, I don't know where my head was 我不知道自己是怎么回事, 我也不知道自己是怎么搞的, 我也不知道自己刚才是想什么(所以才突然跑出来才撞倒你了). excommunicate [ˌɛkskəˈmjuːnɪkeɪt] officially exclude (someone) from participation in the sacraments and services of the Christian Church. If a Roman Catholic or member of the Orthodox Church is excommunicated, it is publicly and officially stated that the person is no longer allowed to be a member of the Church. This is a punishment for some very great wrong that they have done. Eventually, he was excommunicated along with his mentor. In 1766 he excommunicated the village for its 'depraved diversion'. ...the threat of excommunication. "Martin Luther was excommunicated by the Pope". order around (UK order someone about) 呼来唤去的, 当奴役使, 使唤 to give orders to (someone). to tell (someone) what to do You can't just come in here and start ordering people around. to tell someone what they should do in an unpleasant or forceful way, especially repeatedly: You can't just come in here and start ordering people around. If you say that someone is ordering you around or is ordering you about, you mean they are telling you what to do as if they have authority over you, and you dislike this. Grandmother felt free to order her about just as she wished. Uh, yeah. Becks, would you mind getting them, please? Put your cream on. Yeah. And, um, grab the hot water bottles too. Yeah. Would you stop ordering me around? I'm not your wife. order in 叫外卖 (UK: order out for sth) to order food from a restaurant and ask for it to be delivered to you. To order food online or over the phone to be delivered to one's home or workplace. to order food that is ready to eat to be brought to your home or to the place where you work: I think I'll stay home tonight, order in a pizza, and watch my new box set. I really don't feel like cooking tonight. Let's just order in instead. Everyone in the office is ordering in burritos—do you want one? They're ordering pizza in for the slumber party. We were too tired to cook, so we ordered in. I ordered in pizza for dinner. We stayed home, ordered out for pizza, and watched a movie on demand. Eva, you said so yourself. He's sucking the life out of her. He's slowly killing her. I'm hungry. Are you a bit hungry? Eva, we... we cannot just sit back and do nothing while he drags her under. God knows, she's not gonna save herself. I'm not sure what I have. I might order in though. Imagine being rid of him. Anything at work that may have spilt over into your personal lives? A quarrel perhaps? Anything strange that night? Well, there was something strange. Actually, yeah, now that you mention it. The weather was really bad. Um, I remember a tree had come down along the main road. And, um... And go on. Well...Well, we were ordering in, um, from a Chinese restaurant, but 20 minutes later, there's a bang on the door. And? And he hands over a bag of Mexican food. From a Chinese restaurant. Like, a bunch of Mexican food. Isn't that weird? I thought that was weird. 9. A spittoon 痰盂, 吐痰的地方(spit bowl) (or spitoon) is a receptacle made for spitting into, especially by users of chewing and dipping tobacco. It is also known as a cuspidor [ˈkʌspiˌdɔr] (which is the Portuguese word for "spitter" or "spittoon", from the verb "cuspir" meaning "to spit"), although that term is also used for a type of spitting sink used in dentistry. 短句: When Ida Skibenes pulled up outside the Solstrand Hotel, her stomach was in knots, flipping between nerves and excitement. Every year, Ida's Bergen-based workplace decamped (decamp I. To leave a place to live elsewhere. If you decamp, you go away from somewhere secretly or suddenly. We all decamped to the pub. II. to leave a place quickly because you have done something wrong. ) to the dreamy surrounds of Solstrand for a couple of days of remote working. lovers' spat 情人斗嘴 An argument between two people who are romantically involved. Said especially of that which is relatively trivial. A: "So, why aren't they talking to each other?" B: "Some stupid lovers' spat, I think. Who knows." I don't think a lovers' spat here and there is any cause for concern. A relationship plagued by constant fighting, on the other hand, is something you should probably be worried about.
prude VS prudent VS prudence VS prudential VS provident VS providence: prude [prud] 道学家的 [disapproval] someone who is very easily shocked or embarrassed by anything relating to sex. This word shows that you think people like this are silly. If you call someone a prude, you mean that they are too easily shocked by things relating to sex. prudent [ˈprud(ə)nt] 谨慎的, 理智的 adj. careful, and using good judgment. Someone who is prudent is sensible and careful. It is always prudent to start any exercise programme gradually at first. Being a prudent and cautious person, you realise that the problem must be resolved. I believe it is essential that we act prudently. Prudently, Joanna spoke none of this aloud. It may be prudent to get some expert advice first. vocabulary: Describe an action as prudent if it is the wise thing to do under the existing circumstances. If you're getting in trouble, it is probably prudent to keep your mouth closed and just listen. If you show good and careful judgment when handling practical matters, you can be described as prudent. Similarly, a wise and well-thought-through 思前想后的 decision or action can be called prudent. The word comes from a contracted form of the Latin prōvidēns, from the verb "to foresee." The English word provident, "wise in planning for the future," is the non-contracted descendent of the same Latin root. prudence [pruːdəns] 谨慎和理智 Prudence is care and good sense that someone shows when making a decision or taking action. Western businessmen are showing remarkable prudence in investing in the region. A lack of prudence may lead to financial problems. The country's leaders are calling for prudence 理智 and moderation 克制. prudential 前瞻而避险的, 规避风险的 adj. involving or showing care to avoid risks. characterized by or resulting from prudence. exercising prudence or sound judgment. involving or showing care and forethought, especially in business. careful and avoiding risks: a prudential approach. prudential judgments. "the US prudential rules prevented banks from lending more than fifteen per cent of their capital to any one borrower" The prudential concerns are managed by a team of qualified regulators. wiki: Prudential regulation 风险规避制度 is a type of financial regulation that requires financial firms to control risks and hold adequate capital as defined by capital requirements, liquidity requirements, by the imposition of concentration risk (or large exposures) limits, and by related reporting and public disclosure requirements and supervisory controls and processes. Prudential regulation can be split into microprudential regulation that focuses on the individual firms and making sure that they can withstand shocks and macroprudential regulation that looks at the whole financial system and systemic risk. Some countries have separated their financial regulators along the lines of prudential/consumer protection such as the UK with the Prudential Regulation Authority or in Australia with the Australian Prudential Regulation Authority. provident [ˈprɑvɪdənt] 未雨绸缪的 adj. making sure to provide money and other things that you need for the future. a. providing for future needs. Possessing, exercising, or demonstrating great care and consideration for the future. b. exercising foresight in the management of one's affairs or resources. c. characterized by or proceeding from foresight. d. Showing care in the use of something (especially money or provisions), so as to avoid wasting it. providence = Providence [ˈprɑvɪdəns] 天命 a powerful force that some people believe causes everything that happens to us. Providence is God, or a force which is believed by some people to arrange the things that happen to us. The first Slav pope, John Paul, said that providence had chosen him to proclaim the spiritual unity of Europe. These women regard his death as an act of providence. tempt fate/providence to say or to do something that may cause problems, or to cause your good luck to end. Don't tempt fate by saying we can win.
TBBT: 1. Sheldon: What should I tell her. Leonard: I don't know. Tell her I'm sick. Sheldon: Okay. Leonard: Not the kind of illness that will make her want to come over and take care of me, but nothing so critical that she'll feel uncomfortable going out with me in the future if I want to try this again. Sheldon: Got it. So I'm assuming nothing venereal ( venereal disease 性病 [vəˈnɪriəl dɪˌziz] a disease that is spread when people have sex. ). I'll just tell her that you had a routine colonoscopy ( colonoscope [kəˈlɒnəˌskəʊp] an instrument for examining the colon, consisting of a flexible lighted tube that is inserted in the colon to look for abnormalities and to remove them or take tissue samples ) and haven't quite bounced back 好利索, 恢复( bounce back 缓过神来, 缓过气来, 缓过劲来 I. to become healthy, happy, or successful again after something bad has happened to you. If you bounce back after a bad experience, you return very quickly to your previous level of success, enthusiasm, or activity. We lost two or three early games in the World Cup, but we bounced back. He is young enough to bounce back from this disappointment. He's sad about Sally leaving him, but he’ll bounce back. After an early defeat, she bounced back to win the championship. II. business if a market or price bounces back, it rises again after falling. AT&T's shares fell dramatically, but bounced back before the end of the day. ). 2. Penny: So are the rest of the guys meeting us here? Leonard: Oh, yeah, no. Turns out that Raj and Howard had to work, and Sheldon had a colonoscopy and he hasn't quite bounced back yet. Penny: Ooh, my uncle just had a colonoscopy. 2. Okay, how about this? Nobody gets to be the Flash. We all change. Agreed? ALL: Agreed. I call Frodo! ALL: Damn. 3. Howard: Do you like motorcycles, 'cos I ride a hog ( roadhog 路霸 [informal, disapproval] If you describe someone as a roadhog, you mean that they drive too fast or in a way which is dangerous to other people. A motorist who straddles two lanes of traffic or otherwise monopolizes the road. hog I. someone who eats rudely or takes too much of something that other people might want. II. a pig. a male pig whose sex organs have been removed. III. a Harley Davidson or other large motorbike I'm gonna take a ride on my hog. hogback = hog's back 山脊 a narrow ridge that consists of steeply inclined rock strata. wiki: In geology and geomorphology, a hogback 山脊 is a long narrow ridge 屋脊 or series of hills with a narrow crest and steep slopes of nearly equal inclination on both flanks山阳(frontslope = scarp slope), 山阴(backslope = dip slope). ). Raj: A hog? You have a two cylinder scooter with a basket on the front. Howard: You still have to wear a helmet. Raj: Have you ever heard of the Kama Sutra? Missy: The sex book? pillion 摩托后座, 自行车的后座 a seat for a passenger behind the driver of a motorcycle. A pad or cushion for an extra rider behind the
saddle on a horse or motorcycle. A seat or place behind the rider of a
motorcycle, scooter, horse, etc. adv. on a pillion to ride pillion. On a motorcycle, the pillion is the seat or part behind the rider. As a learner rider you must not carry a pillion passenger. He had been riding as a pillion passenger on a motorbike – that bike crashed into another car that was coming out of a junction, intentionally, according to some. ride pillion 坐后座上 if someone rides pillion on a motorcycle, they sit behind the driver. If someone rides pillion on a motorcycle or bicycle, they sit behind the person who is controlling it. She rode pillion on her son's motorbike. You still have to wait a year before you can carry pillions 带人, 载人 (my daughter was very disappointed to hear this.). Then there's Matthew Richard Woods, who faces up to seven years behind bars for allegedly snatching 抢钱包 a purse from a Canadian tourist while riding pillion. Rather than fret(担忧焦虑) for his own life, he was thinking about the responsibility he had for the life of the woman sitting on the saddle ( I. 鞍子 II. 自行车或摩托车的后座) behind him. ride bitch I. (slang) To be a passenger in the pillion of a motorcycle. You were about to ride bitch on a moped with another man. It's a scooter. It can go on some highways. What if you fell? What if you got hurt? II. (slang) To be a passenger in the middle seat of a car with two others at either side. III. (slang, figuratively) To act in a subordinate sense to another. ride shotgun I. (US, idiomatic) To accompany the driver of a vehicle on a journey as an armed escort (originally with a shotgun); (by extension) to accompany someone in order to assist and protect. He attended the meeting to ride shotgun for the sales team, in case anyone had a technical question. II. (US, idiomatic, by extension, slang) To ride in the front passenger seat of a vehicle, next to the driver. When both kids want to ride shotgun with Mom, they'll just have to take turns. III. (US, idiomatic, by extension, slang) To supervise a process and watch for any risks. wiki: The expression "riding shotgun" is derived from "shotgun messenger", a colloquial term for "express messenger", when stagecoach travel was popular during the American Wild West and the Colonial period in Australia. The person rode alongside the driver. "Riding shotgun" was a phrase used to describe the bodyguard who rides alongside a stagecoach driver, typically armed with a break-action shotgun, called a coach gun, to ward off bandits or hostile Native Americans. In modern use, it refers to the practice of sitting alongside the driver in a moving vehicle. The phrase has been used metaphorically to mean giving actual or figurative support or aid to someone in a situation.[citation needed] The coining of this phrase dates to 1905 at the latest. piggybacking 跟着混进去, 溜进去, 躲在身后 noun. I. if you give someone a piggyback, you carry them on your back with your arms supporting their legs. On the shoulders or back: ride piggyback; a piggyback ride. "I had to carry him piggyback". The child rode piggyback on her father. II. 乘着...的春风. 搭便车. In connection with something larger or more important: a tariff provision that came piggyback with the tax bill; a piggyback provision to a new piece of legislation. verb. 搭配着. if something is piggybacked on another person's work or on an important statement or law, it is added or connected to it. This test is being piggybacked off another national survey. wiki: Piggyback is a corruption 以讹传讹, 误用 of pickaback. Piggybacking (security) 蹭票: when an authorized person allows (intentionally or unintentionally) others to pass through a secure door. Piggyback transportation refers to the transportation of goods where one transportation unit is carried on the back of something else. It is a specialised form of intermodal transportation and combined transport联运. piggy bank a container used by children for saving money in, sometimes shaped like a pig.
