incorporate VS co-opt VS subsume VS acculturate; internalize, subsume, assimilate, co-opt, acclimate 同化, 归化; accommodate 适应 rub off on someone: 1. rub off on someone 传给..人了, 传染给, 影响到 学会某人, 沾染上某人, 潜移默化的吸收, 深入骨髓的 [of personal qualities, behaviour, opinions, etc.] to become part of someone because that person has been in a place where it was present. to have an effect through close association. if a quality that someone has rubs off, it starts to affect another person so that they start to have that quality too. If a quality or characteristic that someone has rubs off, other people begin to have it because they have been with that person and learned it from them: His enthusiasm is starting to rub off on the rest of us. Hopefully her enthusiasm will rub off on the rest of the team. I was hoping some of his genius might rub off on them. Her sense of fun has rubbed off on her children. Let's hope some of his good luck rubs off on me! I like to think that our love of reading will rub off on our children. [for something, such as a coating] to become transferred to someone or something through the contact of rubbing. Become transferred to another, influence through close contact. Look what rubbed off on me! The wet paint rubbed off onto my pants leg. We hoped some of their good manners would rub off on our children. This idiom alludes to transferring something like paint to another substance by rubbing against it. Note: Usually said about a quality, skill, condition, or interest. 另一解释: to become part of someone because that person has been in a place where it was present: I like to think that our love of reading will rub off on our children. To be acquired by or transferred to (someone) as a result of regular exposure. be transferred by contact or association. "when parents are having a hard time, their tension can easily rub off on the kids". The hippie way of life seems to have rubbed off on him, as he's a flower power aficionado. She wears a lot of black too, I think that has definitely rubbed off on me. The setbacks (对以色列战争时的先胜后败) did not rub off on 没有当回事, 没有吃进心里去, 没吃心 Mr. Mubarak, however. Sadat, in his 1978 book "In Search of Identity: An Autobiography," ignored the reversal of fortunes 运气大反转 and instead commended General Mubarak for what he called "the complete and stunning success" of the opening airstrikes. 2. internalize 潜移默化的被影响, 被灌输, 被影响, 接纳, 接受, 被洗脑, 同化, 归化 (认同, 认可, 并习以为常) I. Economics incorporate (costs) as part of a pricing structure, especially social costs resulting from the manufacture and use of a product. to include something when calculating the cost of a product or activity: A fair energy market would include a greater emphasis on internalizing environmental costs. You will get more willingness to sue when the costs of trial aren't internalized by the party making the decision to go to trial. II. make (attitudes or behavior) part of one's nature by learning or unconscious assimilation 潜移默化. If you internalize something such as a belief or a set of values, you make it become part of your attitude or way of thinking. to make attitudes or behavior part of one's nature by learning or unconscious assimilation 潜移默化. He had not expected the people so readily to internalize the values of democracy. In the weeks and months after her mother's death, Haydar began the confronting process of re-evaluating what she thought she knew about her parents' relationship, slowly coming to grips with the insidiousness of domestic abuse and dismantling some of its most pervasive myths and stereotypes, many of which she'd absorbed herself. Some women have really internalized 内心上认同, 内心里接受 the misogyny. superego (psychoanalysis) The part of the mind that acts as a self-critical conscience, reflecting social standards that have been learnt. the part of the personality representing the conscience, formed in early life by internalization of the standards of parents and other models of behavior行为模范. Over time she internalized her parents' attitudes. ...a social order which depends on internalized feelings of what is right and wrong. ...my internalisation of hatred, disgust and fear. All people targeted for mistreatment and discrimination to some degree internalize the oppression. "She and other workers had no shortage of career options but said they had internalized 被洗脑, 同化, 归化 (认同, 认可, 并习以为常) Amazon's priorities (指 One former worker says Amazon fosters a culture that prioritizes the success of the company above all else 公司成功高于一切). She speaks about her alleged rape saying: "We were hooking up but I said - hey, this is not going any farther. "And that didn't matter to them, they did it anyways. And I internalised it and I told myself it was my fault because I still went in the room with him." She says she coped through self-harm, and going through the eating disorder bulimia. living with a overbearing/dominant/controlling mother and passive father: So my mother is the controlling kind; all my life she has always put down my father, constantly criticized him (I must admit, I did internalize my mother's beliefs about him for the longest time, even today). He was her scapegoat for everything that was wrong. On the other hand, my father was absent, unaffectionate, always quiet, and took on my mother's abuse, to some extent--they had furious fights regularly. He never brought any people home, we hardly new what he did, had cut off all contact with his side of his family (thanks to my mother). Because of my upbringing, I was constantly struggling to have her validation, which I never managed unless I was everything she expected from me. she governed every single thing in my life. Because of her overcontrolling nature, I never developed a sense of self, or independency, or initiative. I don't want anything. Objectively, I guess, I can get out, if I find a job. If the situation is so unbearable, why don't I just go? Because, in a way, it is comfortable? Am I escaping responsibility from my own life and my own actions by blaming her constantly, when I am legally able to get out? Am I a conformist?. 3. incorporate [ɪnˈkɔrpəˌreɪt] I. transitive to add or include something as a part of something else, for example as a part of an arrangement or a document. incorporate something into/in something: Congress incorporated this principle into the 1977 clean-air Amendments. Papua and West Papua provinces were a Dutch colony before being incorporated into 并入 Indonesia. The region was colonised by the Dutch before being incorporated 归为, 合并 into Indonesia following a widely criticised UN-backed referendum in 1969 where only certain men were allowed to vote. a. to include something as a part or as a quality. If one thing incorporates another thing, it includes the other thing. The new cars will incorporate 包括, 加入 a number of major improvements. The course incorporates a strong German language element. Our electrical equipment incorporates 合并 all the latest safety features. II. intransitive/transitive business to form a corporation (=a company that can raise money by selling shares). The company's doing so well, we've decided to incorporate. If someone or something is incorporated into a large group, system, or area, they become a part of it. The agreement would allow the rebels to be incorporated into 收编 a new national police force. The party vowed to incorporate environmental 涵盖, 纳入 considerations into all its policies. ...the incorporation of Piedmont Airlines and PSA into U.S. Air. 3. co-opt 变为自己人, 归化, 招安, 同化 I. 增选. 补选. to elect into a body by the votes of the existing members. 增选. 补选. to choose as a member. To elect as a fellow member of a group, such as a committee. The committee may co-opt additional members for special purposes. coopt sb onto/into/to sth She was coopted onto the county education committee. II. 吸纳. 吸收, 化为己用. to assimilate, take, or win over into a larger or established group. to assimilate or win over into a larger group. To absorb or assimilate into an established group. co-opt one's applause 要掌声. Seal attempted to get the crowd on his side, co-opting their applause as proof Stone's delivery had been a success. to persuade someone to help or support you. co-opt sb to do sth 收为己用. 拉拢. 笼络. Social scientists were co-opted to work with the development agencies. Nan was coopted into the kitchen to make pastry. The fledgling Labor party was coopted by the Socialist party. III. 征用. 抢注. 先发制人使用. 抢先使用, 抢在头里 to appropriate as one's own; preempt: The dissidents have coopted the title of her novel for their slogan. IV. To take or assume for one's own use; appropriate. To commandeer, appropriate or take over.: co-opted the criticism by embracing it. As the popularity of the poster in various media has grown, innumerable无数的 parodies, imitations and co-optations have also appeared, making it a notable meme. V. mainly American 剽窃. to take someone's idea or plan and use it as if it were your own. Co-option (also co-optation, sometimes spelled coöption or coöptation) has two common meanings. Co-opted members may or may not have the same rights as the elected members of a group (such as the right to vote on motions), depending on the rules of the group: I. to fill vacancies which could not be filled by the usual process (normally election), e.g. if suitable candidates appear subsequently. the process of adding members to an elected or appointed group at the discretion of members of the body (rather than that of the electors 选举人 or appointing body任命委员会) in order to fill vacancies, or to appoint additional members if permitted by the group's Constitution or rules. II. to recruit members who have specific skills or abilities needed by the group which are not available among existing members. the process by which a group subsumes or acculturates a smaller or weaker group with related interests; or, similarly, the process by which one group gains converts ( 归化的人 someone who has changed their beliefs in an important way. convert to: Once a communist, he is now a convert to capitalism. ) from another group by attempting to replicate the aspects that they find appealing without adopting the full program or ideals. III. 引申含义: This is arguably a derivation from the first sense. The outcome of such co-option will be specific to the individual case, and will depend on the relative strength of the co-opting and co-opted groups, the degree of alignment of their interests and the vigour with which their members are prepared to pursue those interests. For example, if a group concerned with the welfare of horses co-opted a group concerned with the welfare of mules, the resulting group might change its name, its publicity, or its methods of addressing cases of abuse; it might extend its operations to the welfare of donkeys or wild equines; etc. Selznick, again in the context of the Tennessee Valley Authority, described this form as "informal co-optation", although the process he describes is almost indistinguishable from the corrupt sale of political influence. opt-out 选择不参与, 选择退出 I. 退出. a decision not to be involved in something, or the freedom to make that decision. Some senior ministers were angry about Britain's opt-out. The agreement contains an opt-out clause. II. a decision by a school or hospital to manage its financial matters and stop being controlled by its local authority. opt out to decide not to take part in something or to stop taking part in it. opt out of: The firm opted out of the company car scheme last year. If you opt out before December 1st, your deposit will be refunded. opt for: After recent setbacks in the market, most people are now opting for low-risk investments. opt to do something: married couples opting to be taxed as two single persons. soft/easy option something that is easy to do but that may not be the best thing to do. Running a restaurant may seem exciting, but it's no soft option. keep/leave your options open to avoid making a decision now so that you will still have choices later. Flynn hasn't signed with a team yet and says he wants to keep his options open. a viable option (=one that is likely to succeed): Terrorist leaders concluded that armed resistance was no longer a viable option. 堪培拉影院广告牌billboard(看板)引种族歧视问题: "There will always be racist rednecks in any community but I'm not going to give them any succour ( succour = succor [ˈsəkər] n. assistance and support in times of hardship and distress. v. give assistance or aid to. "prisoners of war were liberated and succored". ) in the ACT. "If these are serious threats then ... those who've made them should be arrested and the full force of the law thrown at them. "You can't threaten to blow up buildings in this country without facing criminal charges." Mr Barr said he was confident the majority of Canberrans supported the billboard. Chair of the Canberra Multicultural Community Forum Diana Abdel-Rahman said the threats were out of character for Canberrans. "I'm still shocked and I'm shocked that something like this would be happening in Canberra," Ms Abdel-Rahman told ABC Radio Canberra. "We have a community that pretty much gets on, live and let live more or less you know, we accept everyone. "We disagree, absolutely, but we don't threaten each other with violence." She said most of the time the abuse was hypocritical. What concerns me is that the same people who are threatening and being abusive about Muslims are the same ones that complain about Muslims not integrating [ˈɪntəˌɡreɪt] 融入, 融进去(assimilate) or being part of Australian society," Ms Abdel-Rahman said. Sometimes I just think we're damned 被指责, 被人说 if we do and damned if we don't. 4. subsume [səbˈsjuːm] to include something in a larger group and cause it to lose its own individual character. If something is subsumed within a larger group or class, it is included within it, rather than being considered as something separate. Small family firms were subsumed into the huge investment banks. ...years of repression in which civil society was subsumed by the State. The new treaty subsumes 涵盖, 包含, 涵括 all past agreements. be subsumed by/under/within/into something 被划入, 被归入, 被合并, 被吞并, 被吞没: Art courses have been subsumed under 划归所有 the Humanities Department. 5. acculturate [əˈkʌltʃəreɪt] 文化融入, 归化, 同化 to change your ideas and behaviour so that you start to become part of another culture, or to help someone to do this. (of a cultural or social group) to assimilate the cultural traits of another group How did Hispanics acculturate to life in America? 6. naturalized 入籍的 (admit to citizenship) (To grant full citizenship to (one of foreign birth).) 归化的, 同化的 To adapt or acclimate (a plant or animal) to a new environment; introduce and establish as if native. a naturalized归化了的 U.S. citizen of Egyptian descent后裔. 7. convert 归化的人 someone who has changed their beliefs in an important way. convert to: Once a communist, he is now a convert to capitalism. 8. assimilate [əˈsɪmɪleɪt] I. TRANSITIVE to help someone feel that they are part of a community or culture rather than feeling foreign. When people such as immigrants assimilate into a community or when that community assimilates them, they become an accepted part of it. There is every sign that new Asian-Americans are just as willing to assimilate. His family tried to assimilate into 融入 the white and Hispanic communities. The Vietnamese are trying to assimilate themselves and become Americans. French Jews generally had been assimilated into the nation's culture. They promote social integration and assimilation of minority ethnic groups into the culture. a. INTRANSITIVE to begin to consider yourself part of a community or culture rather than being foreign. II. TRANSITIVE to take in an idea or information and make it part of your knowledge so that you can use it effectively. If you assimilate new ideas, techniques, or information, you learn them or adopt them. I was speechless, still trying to assimilate the enormity of what he'd told me. This technique brings life to instruction and eases assimilation 融会贯通 of knowledge. Picasso assimilated 消化吸收 an amazing variety of techniques in his art. III. TRANSITIVE to take in and use food or other nutrients. assimilating 融入, 归化 I. To incorporate and absorb into the mind: assimilate knowledge. II. To make similar; cause to resemble. III. To absorb (immigrants or a culturally distinct group) into the prevailing culture. assimilation [əsɪmɪˈleɪʃ(ə)n] I. the process of taking in and fully understanding information or ideas. "the assimilation of the knowledge of the Greeks". II. the absorption and digestion of food or nutrients by the body or any biological system. "nitrate [ˈnaɪˌtreɪt] 硝酸盐 assimilation usually takes place in leaves". Cultural assimilation is the process in which a minority group or culture comes to resemble a dominant group or assume the values, behaviors, and beliefs of another group. A conceptualization describes cultural assimilation as similar to acculturation while another merely considers the former as one of the latter's phases. Assimilation could also involve the so-called additive acculturation wherein, instead of replacing the ancestral culture, an individual expands their existing cultural repertoire. 8. Racial passing 种族融入 (white passing) refers to a person classified as a member of one racial group attempting to be accepted as a member of a different racial group. The term was used especially in the US to describe a person of mixed-race heritage assimilating to the white majority during times when legal and social conventions of hypodescent classified the person as a minority, subject to racial segregation and discrimination. Passing is the ability of a person to be regarded as a member of an identity group or category different from their own, which may include racial identity, ethnicity, caste, social class, sexual orientation, gender, religion, age and/or disability status. Passing may result in privileges, rewards, or an increase in social acceptance, or be used to cope with stigma. Thus, passing may serve as a form of self-preservation or self-protection in instances where expressing one's true or authentic identity may be dangerous. Passing may require acceptance into a community and may also lead to temporary or permanent leave from another community to which an individual previously belonged. Thus, passing can result in separation from one's original self, family, friends, or previous living experiences. While successful passing may contribute to economic security, safety, and avoidance of stigma, it may take an emotional toll as a result of denial of the authentic self and may lead to depression or self-loathing. Etymologically, the term is simply the nominalisation of the verb pass in its phrasal use with for or as, as in a counterfeit passing for the genuine article or an impostor passing as another person. It has been in popular use since at least the late 1920s. 9. acclimate = acclimatize UK [ ˈæklɪmeɪt] US [əˈklaɪmət] [ˈæklɪˌmeɪt] to acclimatize. to gradually become more comfortable in a new place, especially where physical conditions are very different. become/get acclimated to something 适应新气候, 适应新环境: First the team must become acclimated to this higher altitude. Apparently the zoo animals had become acclimated to the crowd noise and were no longer startled by it. She's already in Malaysia, where she's acclimatizing for this week's tournament. acclimatize yourself to something: Owen was still acclimatizing himself to playing at international level. 10. accommodate I. to provide a place or room for someone to stay in. Designed by an Italian architect, the hotel can accommodate 提供住宿服务. 安顿, 寄宿 600 guests. The teams will be accommodated in luxury hotels. To accommodate someone means to provide them with a place to live or stay. ...a hotel built to accommodate guests for the wedding of King Alfonso. Students are accommodated in homes nearby. a. to provide enough space for something or someone. The school in Poldown was not big enough to accommodate all the children. Floors are flat where possible and doors and corridors can accommodate wheelchairs. The new office will easily accommodate 50 desks. b. to supply enough seats or room for people or things. Our ships accommodate 容纳, 装下, 盛下 up to 150. II. formal to consider and include something when you are deciding what to do. If something is planned or changed to accommodate a particular situation, it is planned or changed so that it takes this situation into account. The roads are built to accommodate gradual temperature changes. The way that American history is taught may change in order to accommodate some more of those cultures. Your investment strategy has to be flexible enough to accommodate 顺应变化 changes in the market. III. If you do something to accommodate someone, you do it with the main purpose of pleasing or satisfying them. He has never put an arm around his wife to accommodate 满足, 取悦 photographers. Efforts have been made to accommodate the needs of all users. accommodate (yourself) to something 适应变化, 顺应潮流 to change your attitudes and behavior in order to deal with a new situation. If you accommodate to something new, you change your behaviour or ideas so that you are able to deal with it. Some animal and plant species cannot accommodate to 调整适应, 适应变化 the rapidly changing conditions. She walked slowly to accommodate herself to his pace. 11. institutionalized adj. 思想僵化. I. If someone becomes institutionalized, they gradually become less able to think and act independently, because of having lived for a long time under the rules of an institution: We need to avoid long-stay patients in the hospital becoming institutionalized. established as an institution, custom, or common practice. the problem of institutionalised racism 正常化, 系统化的 in the police force. Their inquiries revealed that the government suffered from institutionalised corruption. In the first century there was no such thing as institutionalized religion. II. placed in an institution, esp a psychiatric hospital or penal institution or a children's home or home for elderly people. institutionalized prisoners with medical problems. 12. take (something) to heart I. (idiomatic) To take something seriously; to internalize or live according to something (e.g. advice.) 牢记在心, 铭记在心, 铭刻在心, 记在心里 He really took it to heart when I asked him to reconsider. II. (idiomatic) To feel keenly; be greatly grieved at; be much affected by something.
permeate VS impregnate VS Ram VS impart VS inculcate VS internalize VS imbue VS instill VS infuse VS inject VS assimilate 融入, 灌输: imbue [ɪmˈbju] I. (transitive) To wet or stain an object completely with some physical quality. The shirt was imbued with his scent. II. 有点像 instill 注入...品质. In general, to act in a way which results in an object becoming completely permeated or impregnated by some quality. The entire text is imbued with 充满了 the sense of melancholy and hopelessness. imbue somebody/something with something to fill someone or something with a particular quality or feeling. Her poetry was imbued with 充满了, 满满的是 a love of the outdoors. They seemed more interested in enriching themselves than in imbuing people with the spirit of God. I tried to imbue 灌输 my children with a strong sense of justice. Her thinking and attitudes had been imbued with childhood fears. You mentioned earlier that it's unsentimental. That's the tone of the book and it was very important to me because it describes things without really judging it or commenting on it. It lets you imbue it with your own feeling. permeate [ˈpɜrmiˌeɪt] I. if gas, liquid, or a smell permeates something, it spreads into and through every part of it. If something permeates a place, it spreads throughout it. The smell of roast chicken permeated 溢满 the air. Eventually, the water will permeate through the surrounding concrete. The unpleasant odor permeated 充盈, 充满 every room. permeate through/into 渗入, 渗透: Water had permeated into the old walls. II. if an attitude or feeling permeates something, you can feel or see its influence clearly in every part of that thing. If an idea, feeling, or attitude permeates a system or permeates society, it affects every part of it or is present throughout it. Bias against women permeates every level of the judicial system. An obvious change of attitude at the top will permeate through the system. A sense of deep loss permeates Frost's poetry. impregnate I. (transitive) To cause to become pregnant. Norman's efforts to impregnate her failed. II. (transitive) To saturate, or infuse. to make a substance such as a liquid spread all the way through something. a pad impregnated with natural oils. If someone or something impregnates a thing with a substance, they make the substance spread through it and stay in it. Impregnating clothes with insect repellent is effective. ...a block of plastic impregnated with a light-absorbing dye. -impregnated combining form 掺杂了, 混合了 ...nicotine-impregnated chewing gum. III. (transitive) To fill pores or spaces with a substance. It is recommended to impregnate new shoes before wearing them. During the impregnation process, an impregnation agent is applied to a material, thereby changing its properties. The term impregnation describes a process that is used for the finishing of textiles and leathers. As a result, the materials become water repellent (hydrophobisation). The application methods for the treatment may be different, but they are all based on the applying certain substances which form a film on the material (usually paraffin and wax emulsions or silicones or fluorocarbons). How do I impregnate my shoes or boots correctly? a. Remove all traces of dirt from your shoes and let them dry to guarantee thorough impregnation. b. Impregnate your shoes as evenly as possible, from a distance of 20-30 centimetres. Make sure to carefully impregnate not only the actual leather, but also the seams, edges and laces. c. Repeat this process two to three times. As it goes, several thinner layers are much more effective than a single thick one. Ensure however that your shoes do not become too moist. d. The shoes should then be allowed to dry out completely before being worn out in the mud and rain. e. It is best to impregnate shoes outdoors or in well-ventilated areas to avoid any harmful effects to the health caused by accidental inhalation of aerosols. 1. ram I. intransitive/transitive if a vehicle or boat rams 撞上去 something, it hits it very hard, usually when it is moving fast. If a vehicle rams something such as another vehicle, it crashes into it with a lot of force, usually deliberately. The thieves fled, ramming the police officer's car. They used a lorry to ram the main gate. The truck was rammed from behind by a sports car on a busy highway. ram into: A high-speed passenger train rammed into a stationary train. II. transitive to push something into a place with great force. If you ram something somewhere, you push it there with great force. He rammed the key into the lock and kicked the front door open. ram something into something: She quickly rammed some clothes into a suitcase and left. ram home I. to emphasize something very strongly so that people clearly understand you. The new advertising campaign rams home the dangers of drunk driving. II. in soccer and similar sports, to kick or hit the ball very hard and score a point. McNeill rammed home the winning goal in the second half. force/push/ram/thrust something down someone's throat 被迫接受, 强迫接受 to force someone to have or to accept something Viewers continue to have programs like this rammed down their throats every day. battering ram 滚木雷石 A battering ram is a long heavy piece of wood that is used to knock down the locked doors of buildings. They got a battering ram to smash down the door. 2. inculcate [ɪnˈkʌlˌkeɪt] 极力灌输, 谆谆教导 to fix an idea or belief firmly in someone's mind, especially by repeating it often. If you inculcate an idea or opinion in someone's mind, you teach it to them by repeating it until it is fixed in their mind. We have tried to inculcate a feeling of citizenship in youngsters. The aim is to inculcate business people with an appreciation of different cultures. Great care was taken to inculcate the values of nationhood and family. inculcate something in/into someone: He sought to inculcate a sense of responsibility in his young charges. inculcate someone with something: They became inculcated with Western ways of doing things. Parents can inculcate a reading habit among their children by reading to them every day. I tried to inculcate in my pupils an attitude of enquiry. They will try to inculcate you with a respect for culture. Asian cultural values are not simply about a harsh and uncompromising parenting style, they are about inculcating children to be aware of the need for a good education. I tried to inculcate in my pupils an attitude of enquiry 爱问的态度, 上进的精神, 不耻下问的态度. They will try to inculcate you with a respect for culture. The Bible is different from the sacred (secular世俗的, 尘世的 ) books of other religions because it invites historical investigation. And when it has met the test-- as it surely always, inevitably does-- it inculcates a greater devotion in the heart of the believer for the one we call the Son of God. vocabulary: To inculcate is to teach through frequent instruction. If you repeatedly tell your brother how important it is to be responsible, then you're trying to inculcate in him a sense of responsibility. The word inculcate traces back to the Latin word inculcare, meaning "to force upon or to stamp in." If anyone has even tried to inculcate you with something, it may seem as if something is being stamped into your brain — over and over and over. A key thing to remember about this word is repetition: something, such as a value or a belief, is instilled in the brain by the persistent restating of its importance. 3. internalize 潜移默化的被影响, 被灌输, 被影响, 接纳, 接受 If you internalize something such as a belief or a set of values, you make it become part of your attitude or way of thinking. Over time she internalized her parents' attitudes. ...a social order which depends on internalized feelings of what is right and wrong. ...my internalisation of hatred, disgust and fear. to make attitudes or behavior part of one's nature by learning or unconscious assimilation 潜移默化. All people targeted for mistreatment and discrimination to some degree internalize the oppression. living with a overbearing/dominant/controlling mother and passive father: So my mother is the controlling kind; all my life she has always put down my father, constantly criticized him (I must admit, I did internalize my mother's beliefs about him for the longest time, even today). He was her scapegoat for everything that was wrong. On the other hand, my father was absent, unaffectionate, always quiet, and took on my mother's abuse, to some extent--they had furious fights regularly. He never brought any people home, we hardly new what he did, had cut off all contact with his side of his family (thanks to my mother). Because of my upbringing, I was constantly struggling to have her validation, which I never managed unless I was everything she expected from me. she governed every single thing in my life. Because of her overcontrolling nature, I never developed a sense of self, or independency, or initiative. I don't want anything. Objectively, I guess, I can get out, if I find a job. If the situation is so unbearable, why don't I just go? Because, in a way, it is comfortable? Am I escaping responsibility from my own life and my own actions by blaming her constantly, when I am legally able to get out? Am I a conformist?. 5. instill = instil 培养, 灌输 to make someone have a particular feeling or belief. instill something in someone: His parents had instilled a lasting love of music in him. If you instil an idea or feeling in someone, especially over a period of time, you make them think it or feel it. They hope that their work will instil a sense of responsibility 灌输责任感 in children. The motive of the executions would be to instil fear. British PM Boris Johnson, who has appeared indecisive over the UK's coronavirus gameplan, has failed to instil confidence in the public who are still largely reeling from the calamitous [kəˈlæmɪtəs] proceedings of Brexit ( calamitous: causing serious damage, or causing a lot of people to suffer. ), potentially fuelling the panic among shoppers. 6. infuse [ɪnˈfjuz] 注入, 灌输 I. transitive to give someone or something a particular quality. To infuse a quality 品质 into someone or something, or to infuse them with a quality, means to fill them with it. Many of the girls seemed to be infused with excitement on seeing the snow. A union would infuse unnecessary conflict into the company's employee relations. infuse something into: The best teachers manage to infuse vitality 注入生命力, 注入活力 into the most boring subjects. infuse something/someone with something: Her paintings are infused with a natural strength. a. If a quality infuses something, every part of that thing has that quality. A strange spirit infused 充斥 the place. II. intransitive/transitive if you infuse something such as leaves or herbs, or if they infuse, you put them into hot water in order to make a drink, medicine, or beauty treatment. If you infuse things such as tea leaves or herbs, or allow them to infuse, you put them in hot water for some time so that the water absorbs their flavour. You can also infuse things in other liquids. ...teas made by infusing the roots of herbs. Herbalists infuse the flowers in oil. Leave the tea to infuse 浸泡. 7. inject [ɪnˈdʒekt] I. 打针注入 to put a drug or another substance into your body through the skin, using a needle and a syringe. inject something into someone/something: First they inject the tetanus vaccine into your arm. inject someone/something with something: She had collapsed after being injected with the anesthetic. inject yourself with something: He was shown how to inject himself with insulin. II. to add something new to a situation. His intervention injected a note of caution. inject something into something 注入: Young designers are injecting new life 注入新生命, 新活力 into the fashion industry. She tried to inject confidence 注入自信, 注入信心 into her voice (=speak in a more confident way). III. to provide more money for something. inject something into something: They may sell the property to inject cash into the business. 8. assimilate [əˈsɪmɪˌleɪt] I. 融入. transitive to help someone feel that they are part of a community or culture rather than feeling foreign. When people such as immigrants assimilate into a community or when that community assimilates them, they become an accepted part of it. There is every sign that new Asian-Americans are just as willing to assimilate. His family tried to assimilate into the white and Hispanic communities. The Vietnamese are trying to assimilate themselves and become Americans. French Jews generally had been assimilated 渗透, 进入骨髓 into the nation's culture. They promote social integration and assimilation of minority ethnic groups into the culture. a. intransitive to begin to consider yourself part of a community or culture rather than being foreign. II. transitive to take in an idea or information and make it part of your knowledge so that you can use it effectively. If you assimilate new ideas, techniques, or information, you learn them or adopt them. I was speechless, still trying to assimilate 接受, 吸收 the enormity of what he'd told me. This technique brings life to instruction and eases assimilation 融会贯通, 吸收, 吸纳 of knowledge. Picasso assimilated an amazing variety of techniques in his art. III. transitive to take in and use food or other nutrients. enormity [ɪˈnɔrməti] I. uncountable used to mean the extremely large size of something, although some people consider this to be incorrect. enormity of: He considered the enormity 体量 of the task he had been given. II. uncountable the fact that something is morally wrong, or the degree to which it is morally wrong. enormity of 量级: They were desperate to conceal the enormity of what they had done. a. countable an action that is morally wrong. 8. impart [ɪmˈpɑrt] 注入, 灌输 I. to give something such as information, knowledge, or beliefs to someone. If you impart information to people, you tell it to them. The ability to impart knowledge is the essential qualification for teachers. I am about to impart knowledge to you that you will never forget. II. to give something a particular quality. To impart a particular quality to something means to give it that quality. She managed to impart great elegance to the unpretentious dress she was wearing. His production of Harold Pinter's play fails to impart a sense of excitement or danger. impart something to something: Cooking on charcoal imparts a distinctive smoky flavor to your meat.
